2023
Cardiovascular Brain Circuits
Mohanta S, Yin C, Weber C, Godinho-Silva C, Veiga-Fernandes H, Xu Q, Chang R, Habenicht A. Cardiovascular Brain Circuits. Circulation Research 2023, 132: 1546-1565. PMID: 37228235, PMCID: PMC10231443, DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.123.322791.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsCardiovascular systemBrain circuitsAxonal connectionsCardiovascular disease progressionIntegration centerDistant brain regionsDistinct sensory neuronsEffector neuronsAfferent inputPeripheral organsDisease progressionHormone releaseSensory neuronsImmune memoryNervous systemBrain centersImmune systemBrain regionsEfferent signalsHumoral cuesDisease hypothesisArterial treeNeuronsBrainCircuit hypothesis
2020
Role of potassium channels in female reproductive system
Kim J, Song K, Xu B, Wang T. Role of potassium channels in female reproductive system. Obstetrics & Gynecology Science 2020, 63: 565-576. PMID: 32838485, PMCID: PMC7494774, DOI: 10.5468/ogs.20064.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchPotassium channelsFemale reproductive systemSulfonylurea receptorVoltage-gated (KvGonadotropin-Releasing Hormone NeuronsEndothelium-derived hyperpolarizing factorSmall-conductance KCaHypothalamus-pituitary-ovarian axisFunction of potassium channelsReproductive systemProduction of progesteroneLuteal granulosa cellsRegulation of hormone releaseUterine quiescenceMyometrial contractionsInward rectifierSecretion of nitric oxideHormone neuronsHyperpolarizing factorResistance arteriesGranulosa cellsChannel activityHormone releaseLate pregnancySmall-conductance
2015
Hypothalamic POMC neurons promote cannabinoid-induced feeding
Koch M, Varela L, Kim JG, Kim JD, Hernández-Nuño F, Simonds SE, Castorena CM, Vianna CR, Elmquist JK, Morozov YM, Rakic P, Bechmann I, Cowley MA, Szigeti-Buck K, Dietrich MO, Gao XB, Diano S, Horvath TL. Hypothalamic POMC neurons promote cannabinoid-induced feeding. Nature 2015, 519: 45-50. PMID: 25707796, PMCID: PMC4496586, DOI: 10.1038/nature14260.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsPOMC neuronsΒ-endorphinHypothalamic pro-opiomelanocortin (POMC) neuronsOpioid peptide β-endorphinHypothalamic POMC neuronsPromotion of feedingPro-opiomelanocortin (POMC) neuronsCannabinoid receptor 1CB1R activityPOMC activitySated miceHormone releaseHypothalamic administrationFood intakeCentral regulationNeuronal activityParadoxical increaseCB1RReceptor 1POMC cellsNeuronsMitochondrial adaptationsDecreased activityPOMC geneUnsuspected role
2014
Role of Synaptic Plasticity and EphA5-EphrinA5 Interaction Within the Ventromedial Hypothalamus in Response to Recurrent Hypoglycemia
Szepietowska B, Horvath TL, Sherwin RS. Role of Synaptic Plasticity and EphA5-EphrinA5 Interaction Within the Ventromedial Hypothalamus in Response to Recurrent Hypoglycemia. Diabetes 2014, 63: 1140-1147. PMID: 24222347, PMCID: PMC3931406, DOI: 10.2337/db13-1259.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsRecurrent hypoglycemiaVentromedial hypothalamusEphA5 receptorNondiabetic ratsCounterregulatory responsesSynaptic plasticityAntecedent recurrent hypoglycemiaCounterregulatory hormone releaseDefective glucose counterregulationExpression of ephrinA5Counterregulatory hormone responsesIntensive insulin treatmentInsulin-induced hypoglycemiaHyperinsulinemic-hypoglycemic clamp studyGlucose infusion rateHypoglycemic clamp studiesGlucose counterregulationSynaptic coverageHypoglycemic stimulusGlucagon secretionGlucagon releaseAcute hypoglycemiaInsulin treatmentHormone releaseInfusion rate
2012
Ghrelin-immunopositive hypothalamic neurons tie the circadian clock and visual system to the lateral hypothalamic arousal center
Horvath TL, Abizaid A, Dietrich MO, Li Y, Takahashi JS, Bass J. Ghrelin-immunopositive hypothalamic neurons tie the circadian clock and visual system to the lateral hypothalamic arousal center. Molecular Metabolism 2012, 1: 79-85. PMID: 24024121, PMCID: PMC3757645, DOI: 10.1016/j.molmet.2012.08.003.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchHypothalamic neuronsOrexin/hypocretin neuronsOrexin/hypocretin systemUnique anatomical distributionDirect synaptic inputGrowth hormone releaseLateral geniculate nucleusHypothalamic arousal systemsHypocretin neuronsHypothalamic slicesGeniculate nucleusHormone releaseHypocretin systemAnatomical distributionArousal centersSynaptic inputsVisual centersGhrelin mRNAGhrelinArousal systemNeuronsKey mediatorCircadian patternSuprachiasmatic nucleusElectrophysiological activity
2011
Modulation of β-Adrenergic Receptors in the Ventromedial Hypothalamus Influences Counterregulatory Responses to Hypoglycemia
Szepietowska B, Zhu W, Chan O, Horblitt A, Dziura J, Sherwin RS. Modulation of β-Adrenergic Receptors in the Ventromedial Hypothalamus Influences Counterregulatory Responses to Hypoglycemia. Diabetes 2011, 60: 3154-3158. PMID: 22013013, PMCID: PMC3219955, DOI: 10.2337/db11-0432.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAdrenergic beta-2 Receptor AgonistsAdrenergic beta-AntagonistsAnimalsBlood GlucoseEpinephrineEthanolaminesFormoterol FumarateGlucagonGlucose Clamp TechniqueHypoglycemiaImidazolesInsulinMaleNorepinephrinePropanolaminesRatsRats, Sprague-DawleyReceptors, Adrenergic, betaVentromedial Hypothalamic NucleusConceptsCounterregulatory responsesVentromedial hypothalamusGlucose counterregulationAwake male Sprague-Dawley ratsB2AR agonistMale Sprague-Dawley ratsCounterregulatory hormone releaseDefective glucose counterregulationExogenous glucose requirementsHyperinsulinemic-hypoglycemic clamp studySprague-Dawley ratsLocal catecholamine releaseArtificial extracellular fluidΒ-Adrenergic ReceptorsEpinephrine responseGlucagon responseDiabetic patientsEpinephrine releaseSimilar insulinCatecholamine releaseHormone releaseGuide cannulaeClamp studiesTherapeutic benefitHypoglycemia
2010
Anti-tumor effects of adenovirus containing human growth hormone sequences in a mouse model of human ovarian cancer
Zhu Y, Fariña JB, Meshack S, Santoveña A, Patel S, Oliva A, Llabrés M, Hodsdon ME, Booth CJ, Dannies PS. Anti-tumor effects of adenovirus containing human growth hormone sequences in a mouse model of human ovarian cancer. Endocrine 2010, 37: 430-439. PMID: 20960164, DOI: 10.1007/s12020-010-9333-5.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsHuman ovarian cancerOvarian cancerPeritoneal cavityMouse modelTumor cell injectionImmunodeficient SCID miceGrowth hormone releaseHuman ovarian cancer cellsAnti-tumor effectsOvarian cancer cellsReplication-deficient adenovirusLower survival rateLiver metastasesMedian survivalControl miceLung metastasesIntraperitoneal injectionPeritoneal fibrosisLiver toxicitySCID miceHormone releaseHepatocellular changesSurvival rateCell injectionGrowth hormonePharmacokinetics analysis of sustained release hGH biodegradable implantable tablets using a mouse model of human ovarian cancer
Santoveña A, Fariña JB, Llabrés M, Zhu Y, Dannies P. Pharmacokinetics analysis of sustained release hGH biodegradable implantable tablets using a mouse model of human ovarian cancer. International Journal Of Pharmaceutics 2010, 388: 175-180. PMID: 20060456, DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2009.12.054.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAnimalsCell ProliferationDelayed-Action PreparationsDisease Models, AnimalDrug CarriersDrug ImplantsDrug StabilityFemaleHuman Growth HormoneHumansLactic AcidLikelihood FunctionsMiceMice, SCIDOvarian NeoplasmsPolyglycolic AcidPolylactic Acid-Polyglycolic Acid CopolymerSurvival RateTabletsTime FactorsConceptsSerum levelsSurvival timeMouse modelOvarian cancer mouse modelHormone serum levelsImmunodeficient female micePopulation pharmacokinetic modelHuman ovarian cancer cellsHuman ovarian cancerCancer mouse modelEffect of hGHOvarian cancer cellsFemale miceOvarian cancerHormone releaseOrbital vesselsTumoral cell proliferationPeritoneal cavityPharmacokinetic analysisHigh doseHormone loadSustained release devicesPharmacokinetic modelCancer cellsPharmacokinetic study
2006
Ghrelin controls hippocampal spine synapse density and memory performance
Diano S, Farr SA, Benoit SC, McNay EC, da Silva I, Horvath B, Gaskin FS, Nonaka N, Jaeger LB, Banks WA, Morley JE, Pinto S, Sherwin RS, Xu L, Yamada KA, Sleeman MW, Tschöp MH, Horvath TL. Ghrelin controls hippocampal spine synapse density and memory performance. Nature Neuroscience 2006, 9: 381-388. PMID: 16491079, DOI: 10.1038/nn1656.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsHippocampal spine synapse densitySpine synapse densitySpine synapse formationGrowth hormone releaseNovel therapeutic strategiesLong-term potentiationHigher brain functionsEnhanced spatial learningGut hormonesGhrelin administrationHypothalamic actionSynapse densitySpine synapsesCA1 regionHormone releaseNeuropeptide ghrelinGhrelin bindingHippocampal formationTherapeutic strategiesMelanocortin systemGhrelinBrain areasMetabolic controlSynaptic changesSynaptic plasticity
2004
Direct visual and circadian pathways target neuroendocrine cells in primates
Abizaid A, Horvath B, Keefe DL, Leranth C, Horvath TL. Direct visual and circadian pathways target neuroendocrine cells in primates. European Journal Of Neuroscience 2004, 20: 2767-2776. PMID: 15548220, DOI: 10.1111/j.1460-9568.2004.03737.x.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsSuprachiasmatic nucleusRetinal inputNeuroendocrine cellsDirect retinal inputHormone-releasing hormoneNon-human primatesHypothalamic suprachiasmatic nucleusSCN efferentsHypothalamic areaHypothalamic neuronsHypothalamic sitesMonosynaptic pathwayVisual afferentsHypothalamic regulatorGonadal axisHormone releaseNeuroendocrine functionPituitary gonadotropsPhotic modulationNeuronsCircadian pacemakerVervet monkeysPresent studyTracing techniquesCircadian clock
2002
Cortisol modulation of 5-HT-mediated growth hormone release in recovered depressed patients
Bhagwagar Z, Hafizi S, Cowen P. Cortisol modulation of 5-HT-mediated growth hormone release in recovered depressed patients. Journal Of Affective Disorders 2002, 72: 249-255. PMID: 12450642, DOI: 10.1016/s0165-0327(01)00467-0.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsGrowth hormone releaseDepressed patientsMajor depressionHormone releaseStress-induced cortisol secretionBrain serotonin functionPlasma GH levelsEffects of cortisolEffect of hydrocortisoneCross-over designStressful life eventsGH responseGH levelsSingle doseCortisol secretionGH releaseHealthy controlsSerotonin functionRecurrent depressionTRP infusionHealthy volunteersCortisol modulationDepressive symptomatologyDepressed subjectsEuthymic subjects
2001
Decreased sensitivity of 5-HT1D receptors in melancholic depression
Whale R, Clifford E, Bhagwagar Z, Cowen P. Decreased sensitivity of 5-HT1D receptors in melancholic depression. The British Journal Of Psychiatry 2001, 178: 454-457. PMID: 11331562, DOI: 10.1192/bjp.178.5.454.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsSelective serotonin reuptake inhibitorsGrowth hormone responseGrowth hormone releaseSSRI treatmentMajor depressionHormone releaseMelancholic depressionHormone responseBrain serotonin functionSerotonin reuptake inhibitorsReuptake inhibitorsDepressive syndromeReceptor agonistReceptor subtypesSerotonin functionHealthy subjectsReceptor sensitivityPatientsControl groupMarked reductionZolmitriptanDepressionReceptorsTreatmentSelective ligandsA functional retinoic acid response element (RARE) is present within the distal promoter of the rat gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) gene
Cho S, Chung J, Choe Y, Choi H, Kim H, Rhee K, Kim K. A functional retinoic acid response element (RARE) is present within the distal promoter of the rat gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) gene. Brain Research 2001, 87: 204-213. PMID: 11245923, DOI: 10.1016/s0169-328x(01)00021-3.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsGT1-1 cellsTrans-RARetinoic acid response elementConsensus retinoic acid response elementGT1-1 neuronal cellsRat GnRH geneGonadotropin-releasing hormone releaseFunctional retinoic acid response elementRat GnRH promoterGnRH promoterCAMP response elementGnRH transcriptionGnRH geneRat hypothalamic fragmentsSpecific bindingGonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) geneTrans retinoic acidRARbeta gene expressionResponse elementAcid response elementHypothalamic fragmentsHormone releaseNeuronal cellsGene expressionPutative repeats
1999
Zolmitriptan-induced growth hormone release in humans: mediation by 5-HT1D receptors?
Whale R, Bhagwagar Z, Cowen P. Zolmitriptan-induced growth hormone release in humans: mediation by 5-HT1D receptors? Psychopharmacology 1999, 145: 223-226. PMID: 10463324, DOI: 10.1007/s002130051052.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsPlasma growth hormoneGrowth hormoneCross-over design studyEffect of ketanserinGrowth hormone responsePathophysiology of depressionGrowth hormone releaseNeuroendocrine probeAntidepressant medicationHealthy menReceptor agonistReceptor subtypesHormone releaseHealthy volunteersBlood samplesNeuroendocrine profilePlasma prolactinAgonist activityHormone responseReceptor functionAssay of prolactinZolmitriptanHormoneOral temperatureMode of action
1996
Heparin-binding secretory transforming gene (hst) facilitates rat lactotrope cell tumorigenesis and induces prolactin gene transcription.
Shimon I, Hüttner A, Said J, Spirina O, Melmed S. Heparin-binding secretory transforming gene (hst) facilitates rat lactotrope cell tumorigenesis and induces prolactin gene transcription. Journal Of Clinical Investigation 1996, 97: 187-195. PMID: 8550832, PMCID: PMC507078, DOI: 10.1172/jci118388.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAnimalsCell DivisionFemaleFibroblast Growth Factor 4Fibroblast Growth FactorsGene Expression Regulation, NeoplasticHumansNeoplasm InvasivenessPituitary NeoplasmsProlactinProlactinomaProliferating Cell Nuclear AntigenProto-Oncogene ProteinsProto-OncogenesRatsRats, WistarRecombinant ProteinsRNA, MessengerTranscription, GeneticTumor Cells, CulturedConceptsFibroblast growth factor 4Cell nuclear antigen stainingBasal PRL secretionGrowth hormone releaseDose-dependent increaseRecombinant FGF-4PRL secretionTumor cell culturesProlactin secretionSubcutaneous injectionAutocrine actionHormone releasePituitary cell lineAntigen stainingHuman prolactinomasProlactinoma developmentGH4 cellsHistologic invasivenessTumor growthCell tumorigenesisMRNA expressionPRL synthesisLuciferase reporterPrimary ratPituitary tumorigenesis
1995
Galanin neurons exhibit estrogen receptor immunoreactivity in the female rat mediobasal hypothalamus
Horvath T, Leranth C, Kalra S, Naftolin F. Galanin neurons exhibit estrogen receptor immunoreactivity in the female rat mediobasal hypothalamus. Brain Research 1995, 675: 321-324. PMID: 7540929, DOI: 10.1016/0006-8993(94)01374-q.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsPituitary hormone secretionEstrogen receptorHormone secretionMediobasal hypothalamusEstrogen receptor immunoreactivityHypothalamic luteinizing hormoneArcuate nucleus neuronsRat mediobasal hypothalamusPopulations of neuronsGalanin neuronsReceptor immunoreactivityOvarian steroidsEstrogen effectsNucleus neuronsLuteinizing hormoneFemale ratsHormone releaseGalaninHypothalamusNeuronsVibratome sectionsImmunoreactivityReceptorsHormoneSecretionLocal Ventromedial Hypothalamus Glucopenia Triggers Counterregulatory Hormone Release
Borg W, Sherwin R, During M, Borg M, Shulman G. Local Ventromedial Hypothalamus Glucopenia Triggers Counterregulatory Hormone Release. Diabetes 1995, 44: 180-184. PMID: 7859938, DOI: 10.2337/diab.44.2.180.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsVentromedial hypothalamusFrontal lobeMicrodialysis probeCounterregulatory hormone releaseCellular glucopeniaCounterregulatory hormonesCounterregulatory responsesPlasma glucagonPlasma glucoseLocal perfusionHormone releaseCerebral tissueStriking elevationControl groupGlucopeniaBrain tissueGlucopenic agentHypoglycemiaRatsTwofold increaseLobeTissueNorepinephrineHypothalamusEpinephrine
1993
Effect of insulin-like growth factor-1 on the responses to and recognition of hypoglycemia in humans. A comparison with insulin.
Kerr D, Tamborlane WV, Rife F, Sherwin RS. Effect of insulin-like growth factor-1 on the responses to and recognition of hypoglycemia in humans. A comparison with insulin. Journal Of Clinical Investigation 1993, 91: 141-147. PMID: 8423214, PMCID: PMC330007, DOI: 10.1172/jci116163.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsRecombinant human insulin-like growth factor-1Insulin-like growth factor-1Growth factor-1Glucagon responseGlucose productionAbsent glucagon responsesPlasma glucose nadirsGrowth hormone responseInsulin-induced hypoglycemiaAwareness of hypoglycemiaGrowth hormone releaseFactor 1Hepatic glucose productionHuman insulin-like growth factor-1Recognition of hypoglycemiaSymptomatic awarenessNorepinephrine levelsCounterregulatory responsesHypoglycemic stimulusSympathetic activityGlucose nadirsGlucagon releaseBlood glucoseRebound increaseHormone release
1991
Opiate blockade enhances hypoglycemic counterregulation in normal and insulin-dependent diabetic subjects
Caprio S, Gerety G, Tamborlane WV, Jones T, Diamond M, Jacob R, Sherwin RS. Opiate blockade enhances hypoglycemic counterregulation in normal and insulin-dependent diabetic subjects. American Journal Of Physiology 1991, 260: e852-e858. PMID: 2058661, DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.1991.260.6.e852.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsInsulin-induced hypoglycemiaGlucose counterregulationIDDM patientsGlucose productionOpiate blockadeHormonal responsesInsulin-dependent diabetic subjectsCounterregulatory hormone releaseDefective glucose counterregulationInsulin clamp studiesAbsence of hypoglycemiaInsulin-dependent patientsVariable glucose infusionDefective counterregulationHypoglycemic counterregulationNaloxone studyGlucagon responseDiabetic subjectsEndogenous opiatesGlucoregulatory hormonesGlucoregulatory responsesHormone releaseGlucose infusionHealthy subjectsCortisol releaseIndependent Effects of Youth and Poor Diabetes Control on Responses to Hypoglycemia in Children
Jones T, Boulware S, Kraemer D, Caprio S, Sherwin R, Tamborlane W. Independent Effects of Youth and Poor Diabetes Control on Responses to Hypoglycemia in Children. Diabetes 1991, 40: 358-363. PMID: 1999278, DOI: 10.2337/diab.40.3.358.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsInsulin-dependent diabetes mellitusSymptom awarenessNondiabetic childrenPlasma glucoseGlucose thresholdHormone releaseGlucose levelsCounterregulatory hormone levelsCounterregulatory hormone releasePoor diabetes controlGlucose clamp techniqueGrowth hormone releasePlasma glucose levelsEffects of childhoodCounterregulatory hormonesEpinephrine responseNondiabetic adultsYounger patientsDiabetes mellitusEpinephrine releaseSymptom scoresDiabetes controlPlasma epinephrineSymptomatic responseMild hypoglycemia
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