Featured Publications
Influence of Nonsyndromic Bicoronal Synostosis and Syndromic Influences on Orbit and Periorbital Malformation
Lu X, Forte AJ, Dinis J, Junn A, Alperovich M, Alonso N, Persing JA. Influence of Nonsyndromic Bicoronal Synostosis and Syndromic Influences on Orbit and Periorbital Malformation. Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery 2022, 149: 930e-942e. PMID: 35286288, DOI: 10.1097/prs.0000000000009051.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsApert syndromeCrouzon syndromeBicoronal synostosisNonsyndromic bicoronal synostosisNonsyndromic casesPreoperative computed tomography scansSpine positionCLINICAL QUESTION/LEVELComputed tomography scanOrbital cavity volumeLateral orbital wallTomography scanApert patientsMaxillary retrusionPremature suture fusionMaxillary hypoplasiaSyndromePatientsCrouzon patientsOrbital wallSyndromic craniosynostosisAnteroposterior lengthVolumetric analysisSynostosisMalformationsOrbitofacial morphology changes with different suture synostoses in Crouzon syndrome
Lu X, Forte AJ, Junn A, Dinis J, Alperovich M, Alonso N, Persing JA. Orbitofacial morphology changes with different suture synostoses in Crouzon syndrome. Journal Of Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery 2021, 50: 406-418. PMID: 35065874, DOI: 10.1016/j.jcms.2021.06.012.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsCrouzon syndrome patientsSquamosal synostosisSyndrome patientsCT scanBicoronal synostosisCrouzon syndromeComputed tomography scanSoft tissue volumeType ISurgical interventionTomography scanNormal controlsOccipital expansionGlobe volumeCrouzon patientsSagittal synostosisPatientsAnteroposterior lengthSynostosisOrbital rimStatistical significanceTissue volumeSynostosesType IVType VAirway Growth in Preoperative Patients with Crouzon Syndrome
Lu X, Forte AJ, Park KE, Allam O, Smetona J, Alperovich M, Steinbacher DM, Tonello C, Alonso N, Persing JA. Airway Growth in Preoperative Patients with Crouzon Syndrome. Facial Plastic Surgery & Aesthetic Medicine 2021, 23: 191-197. PMID: 33577380, DOI: 10.1089/fpsam.2020.0441.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsYears of ageNasal airway volumeAirway volumeCrouzon syndromePharyngeal airwayCross-sectional areaAirway cross-sectional areaObstructive sleep apneaMonths of agePreoperative patientsSleep apneaMaximal constrictionAirway developmentAirway growthTomography scanAge subgroupsCT scanPatientsSyndromeCrouzon patientsNatural historyAgeNormal dimensionsAirwayMaterialise softwareGrowth patterns of the airway in Crouzon syndrome patients with different types of cranial vault suture synostosis
Lu X, Forte AJ, Wilson A, Park KE, Allam O, Alperovich M, Steinbacher DM, Tonello C, Alonso N, Persing JA. Growth patterns of the airway in Crouzon syndrome patients with different types of cranial vault suture synostosis. International Journal Of Oral And Maxillofacial Surgery 2020, 50: 924-932. PMID: 33384236, DOI: 10.1016/j.ijom.2020.11.023.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsAirway volumeCrouzon syndrome patientsYears of ageNasal airwaySyndrome patientsCrouzon patientsPharyngeal airwayCrouzon syndromeSuture synostosisNasopharyngeal airway volumePharyngeal airway volumeNasal airway volumeType IComputed tomography scanType IIIBilateral coronal synostosisAirway compromiseRespiratory difficultyControl subjectsTomography scanAirwayPatientsPharyngeal volumeSagittal synostosisCoronal synostosisClassification of Subtypes of Crouzon Syndrome Based on the Type of Vault Suture Synostosis.
Lu X, Sawh-Martinez R, Forte AJ, Wu R, Cabrejo R, Wilson A, Steinbacher DM, Alperovich M, Alonso N, Persing JA. Classification of Subtypes of Crouzon Syndrome Based on the Type of Vault Suture Synostosis. Journal Of Craniofacial Surgery 2020, 31: 678-684. PMID: 32068731, DOI: 10.1097/scs.0000000000006173.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsClass IIICrouzon syndromeClass IClass IISuture involvementSuture synostosisSimilar craniofacial characteristicsComputed tomography scanClassification of subtypesSurgical interventionMorphology of patientsAnatomic deformityTomography scanSurgical techniqueCT scanDifferent subtypesSagittal synostosisSyndromeClass IVPremature closureCraniofacial characteristicsSevere craniofacial malformationsCranial base lengthSynostosisDifferent pathologiesRacial disparity of Crouzon syndrome in maxilla and mandible
Lu X, Forte AJ, Fan F, Zhang Z, Teng L, Yang B, Alperovich M, Steinbacher DM, Alonso N, Persing JA. Racial disparity of Crouzon syndrome in maxilla and mandible. International Journal Of Oral And Maxillofacial Surgery 2020, 49: 1566-1575. PMID: 32362538, DOI: 10.1016/j.ijom.2020.04.005.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsAsian patientsCaucasian patientsCrouzon syndrome patientsCrouzon syndromeSyndrome patientsRacial disparitiesAnteroposterior maxillary lengthMidface profileTomography scanPatientsMandibular volumeCaucasian controlsCraniosynostosis patientsMaxillary positioningMaxillary lengthSyndromeVolume deficiencyANB angleAsian controlsMandibular lengthBackward displacementMaterialise softwareMaxillaSame extentMaxilla length
2020
Racial Disparity Between Asian and Caucasian Crouzon Syndrome in Skull Morphology.
Lu X, Forte AJ, Fan F, Zhang Z, Teng L, Yang B, Alperovich M, Steinbacher DM, Alonso N, Persing JA. Racial Disparity Between Asian and Caucasian Crouzon Syndrome in Skull Morphology. Journal Of Craniofacial Surgery 2020, 31: 2182-2187. PMID: 33136851, DOI: 10.1097/scs.0000000000006741.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsCrouzon patientsCrouzon syndromeLateral pterygoidIntracranial sideRacial disparitiesDifferent patient populationsPosterior fossa volumeCranial basePosterior cranial fossaMiddle cranial baseAsian patientsCaucasian patientsPatient populationTomographic scanPatientsCranial base angleCranial base angulationCranial fossaFossa volumeTreatment plan
2019
What Is the Skull Structure Influence of Squamosal Suture Synostosis in Nonsyndromic and Syndromic Crouzon Craniosynostosis?
Lu X, Chen G, Forte AJ, Cabrejo R, Singh A, Kyle G, Steinbacher DM, Alperovich M, Alonso N, Persing JA. What Is the Skull Structure Influence of Squamosal Suture Synostosis in Nonsyndromic and Syndromic Crouzon Craniosynostosis? Journal Of Craniofacial Surgery 2019, 30: 1671-1675. PMID: 30950948, DOI: 10.1097/scs.0000000000005396.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsMiddle cranial fossaAnterior cranial fossaCranial fossaPosterior cranial fossaSquamosal synostosisFossa volumeCrouzon syndromeSquamosal suture synostosisComputed tomography scanCranial volumeNonsyndromic craniosynostosis patientsVolume reductionSevere volume reductionTomography scanNormal controlsMorphologic effectsCraniosynostosis patientsFossaPremature closureSyndromic conditionsSuture synostosisSyndromic synostosisFrankfort horizontal planeSynostosisThree-dimensional cephalometryEnlarged anterior cranial fossa and restricted posterior cranial fossa, the disproportionate growth of basicranium in Crouzon syndrome
Lu X, Forte AJ, Steinbacher DM, Alperovich M, Alonso N, Persing JA. Enlarged anterior cranial fossa and restricted posterior cranial fossa, the disproportionate growth of basicranium in Crouzon syndrome. Journal Of Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery 2019, 47: 1426-1435. PMID: 31331854, DOI: 10.1016/j.jcms.2019.06.003.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsPosterior cranial fossa volumePosterior cranial fossaCranial fossaFossa volumeCrouzon syndrome patientsCrouzon syndromeSyndrome patientsCT scanSegmental anteriorSurgical treatment planPreoperative CT scanAnterior cranial fossaMonths of ageMiddle cranial fossaPosterior cranial expansionNormal intracranial volumeIntracranial volume measurementsTreatment planIntracranial volumePatientsFossaSyndromeCranial expansionCranial volumeAnteriorAssociation of Regional Cranial Base Deformity and Ultimate Structure in Crouzon Syndrome.
Lu X, Jorge Forte A, Sawh-Martinez R, Wu R, Cabrejo R, Steinbacher DM, Alperovich M, Alonso N, Persing JA. Association of Regional Cranial Base Deformity and Ultimate Structure in Crouzon Syndrome. Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery 2019, 143: 1233e-1243e. PMID: 31136487, DOI: 10.1097/prs.0000000000005643.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchAnalysis of Airway and Midface in Crouzon Syndromes
Forte AJ, Lu X, Hashim PW, Steinbacher DM, Alperovich M, Persing JA, Alonso N. Analysis of Airway and Midface in Crouzon Syndromes. Annals Of Plastic Surgery 2019, Publish Ahead of Print: &na;. PMID: 30633021, DOI: 10.1097/sap.0000000000001740.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsPharyngeal airway volumeComputed tomography scanAirway volumeControl subjectsTomography scanCrouzon syndromeAge-matched control subjectsAnalysis of airwaysSevere respiratory impairmentNasal airway volumePosterior pharyngeal wallEarly mixed dentitionCrouzon groupSurgical interventionRespiratory impairmentUpper airwaySoft tissue measurementsPharyngeal wallPosterior tongueMixed dentitionAirwayPatientsSyndromeVolumetric assessmentT-test
2018
Orbit, zygoma, and maxilla growth patterns in Crouzon syndrome
Lu X, Forte AJ, Sawh-Martinez R, Wu R, Cabrejo R, Steinbacher DM, Alperovich M, Alonso N, Persing JA. Orbit, zygoma, and maxilla growth patterns in Crouzon syndrome. International Journal Of Oral And Maxillofacial Surgery 2018, 48: 309-321. PMID: 30389113, DOI: 10.1016/j.ijom.2018.10.013.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsCrouzon syndromeCT scanAnteroposterior lengthWidth of maxillaPreoperative CT scanMonths-2 yearsMonths of agePrincipal deformityControl subjectsGlobe projectionAge subgroupsMaxillary wideningSecondary deformitiesOrbital wallAnterior protrusionSyndromeFacial malformationsMonthsDeformityAnteroposterior positionZygomatic regionCranial baseZygomaMalformationsMaterialise softwareFacial Malformation in Crouzon’s Syndrome Is Consistent with Cranial Base Development in Time and Space
Lu X, Forte AJ, Sawh-Martinez R, Madari S, Wu R, Cabrejo R, Steinbacher DM, Alperovich M, Alonso N, Persing JA. Facial Malformation in Crouzon’s Syndrome Is Consistent with Cranial Base Development in Time and Space. Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery Global Open 2018, 6: e1963. PMID: 30534503, PMCID: PMC6250456, DOI: 10.1097/gox.0000000000001963.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchCranial base deformitySyndrome patientsCrouzon syndromeFrankfort horizontal planeSurgical decision makingAnterior cranial fossaCranial baseMonths of ageCranial base developmentEvident morphologic changesCrouzon syndrome patientsAnterior cranial baseSella-nasion planeTomography scanCranial fossaCrouzon patientsSyndromeMorphologic changesPatientsMandibular planeFacial malformationsPosterior cranial baseDeformityMaxillary planeSella-Nasion