2021
Preliminary In Vivo Evidence of Reduced Synaptic Density in Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) Despite Antiretroviral Therapy
Weiss JJ, Calvi R, Naganawa M, Toyonaga T, Farhadian SF, Chintanaphol M, Chiarella J, Zheng MQ, Ropchan J, Huang Y, Pietrzak RH, Carson RE, Spudich S. Preliminary In Vivo Evidence of Reduced Synaptic Density in Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) Despite Antiretroviral Therapy. Clinical Infectious Diseases 2021, 73: 1404-1411. PMID: 34050746, PMCID: PMC8528400, DOI: 10.1093/cid/ciab484.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsHuman immunodeficiency virusAntiretroviral therapySynaptic densityMagnetic resonance imagingMale PLWHImmunodeficiency virusUnderwent magnetic resonance imagingPositron emission tomographicCross-sectional pilotHIV neuropathogenesisViral suppressionCommon complicationSynaptic injuryNeurological impairmentDynamic biomarkersPLWHTherapeutic studiesCortical areasMotor coordinationPathological hallmarkPET scanningPromising biomarkerTherapeutic interventionsResonance imagingPegboard performance
2020
Determinants of suboptimal CD4+ T cell recovery after antiretroviral therapy initiation in a prospective cohort of acute HIV‐1 infection
Handoko R, Colby DJ, Kroon E, Sacdalan C, de Souza M, Pinyakorn S, Prueksakaew P, Munkong C, Ubolyam S, Akapirat S, Chiarella J, Krebs S, Sereti I, Valcour V, Paul R, Michael NL, Phanuphak N, Ananworanich J, Spudich S, Team T. Determinants of suboptimal CD4+ T cell recovery after antiretroviral therapy initiation in a prospective cohort of acute HIV‐1 infection. Journal Of The International AIDS Society 2020, 23: e25585. PMID: 32949118, PMCID: PMC7507109, DOI: 10.1002/jia2.25585.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsAcute HIV infectionCD4/CD8 ratioSuboptimal CD4 recoveryAntiretroviral therapyCD4 countImmune recoveryCD4 recoveryCD8 ratioStudy visitAcute HIV-1 infectionPre-ART CD4 countLower CD8 countsPlasma viral suppressionSuboptimal immune recoveryAntiretroviral therapy initiationT-cell countsT-cell recoveryHIV-1 infectionCopies/mLLower IL-6Cells/ART initiationCD4 rateCD8 countsChronic HIV
2019
Exosomal MicroRNAs Associate With Neuropsychological Performance in Individuals With HIV Infection on Antiretroviral Therapy.
OʼMeara T, Kong Y, Chiarella J, Price RW, Chaudhury R, Liu X, Spudich S, Robertson K, Emu B, Lu L. Exosomal MicroRNAs Associate With Neuropsychological Performance in Individuals With HIV Infection on Antiretroviral Therapy. JAIDS Journal Of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes 2019, 82: 514-522. PMID: 31714431, PMCID: PMC6857839, DOI: 10.1097/qai.0000000000002187.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsCombination antiretroviral therapyNeuropsychological performanceAntiretroviral therapyViral suppressionHIV infectionNeurocognitive dysfunctionExo-miRNAsEarly infection groupCentral nervous systemSystemic viral suppressionTyrosine receptor kinaseInfection groupChronic infectionPLWHCross-sectional examinationNervous systemEarly infectionNeuropsychological scoresInfectionConsistent findingNeuropsychological batteryHIVNeurodegeneration pathwaysDysfunctionTherapy
2016
HIV Drug Resistance Mutations (DRMs) Detected by Deep Sequencing in Virologic Failure Subjects on Therapy from Hunan Province, China
Chen X, Zou X, He J, Zheng J, Chiarella J, Kozal MJ. HIV Drug Resistance Mutations (DRMs) Detected by Deep Sequencing in Virologic Failure Subjects on Therapy from Hunan Province, China. PLOS ONE 2016, 11: e0149215. PMID: 26895182, PMCID: PMC4760947, DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0149215.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsDrug resistance mutationsVirologic failureDetection of DRMsPrevalence of DRMsSanger sequencingHIV drug resistance mutationsResistance mutationsART-experienced patientsART-experienced subjectsTreatment-experienced subjectsMedian viral loadNNRTI resistance mutationsStandard genotypingART adherenceViral loadAE subtypeMutation prevalenceDeep sequencingFailure subjectsExperienced subjectsResistant variantsOnly variablePatientsPrevalenceSubtypes
2014
Prevalence of WHO Transmitted Drug Resistance Mutations by Deep Sequencing in Antiretroviral-Naïve Subjects in Hunan Province, China
Xiaobai Z, Xi C, Tian H, Williams AB, Wang H, He J, Zhen J, Chiarella J, Blake LA, Turenchalk G, Kozal MJ. Prevalence of WHO Transmitted Drug Resistance Mutations by Deep Sequencing in Antiretroviral-Naïve Subjects in Hunan Province, China. PLOS ONE 2014, 9: e98740. PMID: 24896087, PMCID: PMC4045886, DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0098740.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsART-naïve subjectsFirst-line antiretroviral therapyLine Antiretroviral TherapyPI TDRsDrug resistance mutationsNNRTI TDRAntiretroviral therapyPI mutationsPI/r useTransmitted Drug Resistance MutationsResistance mutationsAntiretroviral-naïve subjectsAdvanced chronic diseaseHigh-level resistanceAdvanced diseaseNNRTI mutationsNevirapine resistanceNRTI resistanceHIV variantsTime of testingChronic diseasesAE subtypeTreatment responseSubtype AER use
2006
A population-based and longitudinal study of sexual behavior and multidrug-resistant HIV among patients in clinical care.
Kozal MJ, Amico KR, Chiarella J, Cornman D, Fisher W, Fisher J, Friedland G. A population-based and longitudinal study of sexual behavior and multidrug-resistant HIV among patients in clinical care. Medscape Journal Of Medicine 2006, 8: 72. PMID: 16926811, PMCID: PMC1785162.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsSexual risk behaviorsUnprotected sexual eventsRisk behaviorsSelf-reported sexual risk behaviorDrug resistanceSerial cross-sectional analysisClasses of ARVsMultidrug-resistant HIVHIV-positive patientsAntiretroviral drug classesGenotypic drug resistanceHIV viral loadHIV sexual risk behaviorsHIV drug resistanceDrug-resistant HIVUnprotected sexual behaviorSame time pointsSexual eventsCross-sectional analysisGreat public healthVirologic resultsResistant HIVViral loadActive patientsARV resistance
2005
HIV Drug Resistance and HIV Transmission Risk Behaviors Among Active Injection Drug Users
Kozal MJ, Amico KR, Chiarella J, Cornman D, Fisher W, Fisher J, Friedland G. HIV Drug Resistance and HIV Transmission Risk Behaviors Among Active Injection Drug Users. JAIDS Journal Of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes 2005, 40: 106-109. PMID: 16123691, DOI: 10.1097/01.qai.0000159666.95455.d2.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsInjection drug usersDrug-resistant HIVHIV drug resistanceResistant HIVDrug usersRisk behaviorsClinical careActive injection drug usersDrug resistanceHIV transmission risk behaviorsTransmission risk behaviorsInjection risk behaviorsRetrospective studyInjection drugsHIVPrevious monthCareSubstantial numberMultiple partnersDrugsSmall proportionPatientsProportionNeedleMonths
2004
Antiretroviral resistance and high-risk transmission behavior among HIV-positive patients in clinical care
Kozal MJ, Amico KR, Chiarella J, Schreibman T, Cornman D, Fisher W, Fisher J, Friedland G. Antiretroviral resistance and high-risk transmission behavior among HIV-positive patients in clinical care. AIDS 2004, 18: 2185-2189. PMID: 15577652, DOI: 10.1097/00002030-200411050-00011.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsHIV-positive patientsTransmission risk behaviorsHIV transmission risk behaviorsViral loadUnprotected sexual eventsRisk behaviorsAntiretroviral therapyCopies/Clinical careHIV sexual transmission risk behaviorsUnprotected sexHigh-risk transmission behaviorsSexual transmission risk behaviorLower mental health scoresHIV transmission eventsUndetectable viral loadProportion of patientsHIV drug resistanceDrug-resistant HIVMental health scoresCross-sectional studyHIV transmission behaviorsDrug resistance dataAntiretroviral resistanceResistant HIV