Featured Publications
Influence of Nonsyndromic Bicoronal Synostosis and Syndromic Influences on Orbit and Periorbital Malformation
Lu X, Forte AJ, Dinis J, Junn A, Alperovich M, Alonso N, Persing JA. Influence of Nonsyndromic Bicoronal Synostosis and Syndromic Influences on Orbit and Periorbital Malformation. Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery 2022, 149: 930e-942e. PMID: 35286288, DOI: 10.1097/prs.0000000000009051.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsApert syndromeCrouzon syndromeBicoronal synostosisNonsyndromic bicoronal synostosisNonsyndromic casesPreoperative computed tomography scansSpine positionCLINICAL QUESTION/LEVELComputed tomography scanOrbital cavity volumeLateral orbital wallTomography scanApert patientsMaxillary retrusionPremature suture fusionMaxillary hypoplasiaSyndromePatientsCrouzon patientsOrbital wallSyndromic craniosynostosisAnteroposterior lengthVolumetric analysisSynostosisMalformationsOrbitofacial morphology changes with different suture synostoses in Crouzon syndrome
Lu X, Forte AJ, Junn A, Dinis J, Alperovich M, Alonso N, Persing JA. Orbitofacial morphology changes with different suture synostoses in Crouzon syndrome. Journal Of Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery 2021, 50: 406-418. PMID: 35065874, DOI: 10.1016/j.jcms.2021.06.012.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsCrouzon syndrome patientsSquamosal synostosisSyndrome patientsCT scanBicoronal synostosisCrouzon syndromeComputed tomography scanSoft tissue volumeType ISurgical interventionTomography scanNormal controlsOccipital expansionGlobe volumeCrouzon patientsSagittal synostosisPatientsAnteroposterior lengthSynostosisOrbital rimStatistical significanceTissue volumeSynostosesType IVType VAirway Growth in Preoperative Patients with Crouzon Syndrome
Lu X, Forte AJ, Park KE, Allam O, Smetona J, Alperovich M, Steinbacher DM, Tonello C, Alonso N, Persing JA. Airway Growth in Preoperative Patients with Crouzon Syndrome. Facial Plastic Surgery & Aesthetic Medicine 2021, 23: 191-197. PMID: 33577380, DOI: 10.1089/fpsam.2020.0441.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsYears of ageNasal airway volumeAirway volumeCrouzon syndromePharyngeal airwayCross-sectional areaAirway cross-sectional areaObstructive sleep apneaMonths of agePreoperative patientsSleep apneaMaximal constrictionAirway developmentAirway growthTomography scanAge subgroupsCT scanPatientsSyndromeCrouzon patientsNatural historyAgeNormal dimensionsAirwayMaterialise softwareGrowth patterns of the airway in Crouzon syndrome patients with different types of cranial vault suture synostosis
Lu X, Forte AJ, Wilson A, Park KE, Allam O, Alperovich M, Steinbacher DM, Tonello C, Alonso N, Persing JA. Growth patterns of the airway in Crouzon syndrome patients with different types of cranial vault suture synostosis. International Journal Of Oral And Maxillofacial Surgery 2020, 50: 924-932. PMID: 33384236, DOI: 10.1016/j.ijom.2020.11.023.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsAirway volumeCrouzon syndrome patientsYears of ageNasal airwaySyndrome patientsCrouzon patientsPharyngeal airwayCrouzon syndromeSuture synostosisNasopharyngeal airway volumePharyngeal airway volumeNasal airway volumeType IComputed tomography scanType IIIBilateral coronal synostosisAirway compromiseRespiratory difficultyControl subjectsTomography scanAirwayPatientsPharyngeal volumeSagittal synostosisCoronal synostosisMorphological Basis for Airway Surgical Intervention in Apert Syndrome
Lu X, Forte AJ, Park KE, Allam O, Alperovich M, Steinbacher DM, Tonello C, Alonso N, Persing JA. Morphological Basis for Airway Surgical Intervention in Apert Syndrome. Annals Of Plastic Surgery 2020, 87: 59-64. PMID: 34133365, DOI: 10.1097/sap.0000000000002601.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsApert syndrome patientsPharyngeal airway volumeComputed tomography scanSyndrome patientsApert syndromeAirway volumeSurgical interventionTomography scanNasal cavityPreoperative computed tomography scansAirway volume changesAge-related subgroupsYears of ageMonths of agePosition of maxillaGrowth of mandibleAirway compromiseNasopharyngeal airwayPharyngeal airwayNasal airwayIntergonial widthSyndromeAirwayPatientsAnteroposterior lengthClassification of Subtypes of Crouzon Syndrome Based on the Type of Vault Suture Synostosis.
Lu X, Sawh-Martinez R, Forte AJ, Wu R, Cabrejo R, Wilson A, Steinbacher DM, Alperovich M, Alonso N, Persing JA. Classification of Subtypes of Crouzon Syndrome Based on the Type of Vault Suture Synostosis. Journal Of Craniofacial Surgery 2020, 31: 678-684. PMID: 32068731, DOI: 10.1097/scs.0000000000006173.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsClass IIICrouzon syndromeClass IClass IISuture involvementSuture synostosisSimilar craniofacial characteristicsComputed tomography scanClassification of subtypesSurgical interventionMorphology of patientsAnatomic deformityTomography scanSurgical techniqueCT scanDifferent subtypesSagittal synostosisSyndromeClass IVPremature closureCraniofacial characteristicsSevere craniofacial malformationsCranial base lengthSynostosisDifferent pathologiesRacial disparity of Crouzon syndrome in maxilla and mandible
Lu X, Forte AJ, Fan F, Zhang Z, Teng L, Yang B, Alperovich M, Steinbacher DM, Alonso N, Persing JA. Racial disparity of Crouzon syndrome in maxilla and mandible. International Journal Of Oral And Maxillofacial Surgery 2020, 49: 1566-1575. PMID: 32362538, DOI: 10.1016/j.ijom.2020.04.005.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsAsian patientsCaucasian patientsCrouzon syndrome patientsCrouzon syndromeSyndrome patientsRacial disparitiesAnteroposterior maxillary lengthMidface profileTomography scanPatientsMandibular volumeCaucasian controlsCraniosynostosis patientsMaxillary positioningMaxillary lengthSyndromeVolume deficiencyANB angleAsian controlsMandibular lengthBackward displacementMaterialise softwareMaxillaSame extentMaxilla length
2021
Does different cranial suture synostosis influence orbit volume and morphology in Apert syndrome?
Lu X, Forte A, Alperovich M, Alonso N, Persing J. Does different cranial suture synostosis influence orbit volume and morphology in Apert syndrome? International Journal Of Oral And Maxillofacial Surgery 2021, 51: 338-346. PMID: 34400025, DOI: 10.1016/j.ijom.2021.07.019.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsApert syndrome patientsSyndrome patientsBone volumeApert syndromeBicoronal synostosisType IType IIISuture synostosisComputed tomography scanType IIMaxillary bone volumeIndividualized surgical planningOrbital cavity volumeBilateral coronal synostosisTomography scanAnatomic basisBone malformationsSurgical planningSynostosisCoronal synostosisOrbital rimStatistical significanceOrbit volumePatientsSyndromeFacial Dysmorphology in Saethre-Chotzen Syndrome
Junn A, Dinis J, Lu X, Forte AJ, Mozaffari MA, Phillips S, Lopez J, Alonso N, Persing JA, Alperovich M. Facial Dysmorphology in Saethre-Chotzen Syndrome. Journal Of Craniofacial Surgery 2021, 32: 2660-2665. PMID: 34727468, DOI: 10.1097/scs.0000000000007910.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsSCS patientsSaethre-Chotzen syndromeMandibular prognathismNonsyndromic patientsNasal bridgePreoperative computer-tomography (CT) scanNasal boneNonsyndromic craniosynostosis patientsB point angleProminent nasal bridgeBroad nasal bridgeMann-Whitney UComputer tomography scansEyelid ptosisTomography scanMaxillary retrusionSuture pathologyNormal controlsMaxillary hypoplasiaPatientsClassic featuresCraniosynostosis patientsUnaffected controlsSyndromeClassic descriptionDistinguishing craniomorphometric characteristics and severity in metopic synostosis patients
Chandler L, Park K, Allam O, Mozaffari M, Khetpal S, Smetona J, Pourtaheri N, Lu X, Persing J, Alperovich M. Distinguishing craniomorphometric characteristics and severity in metopic synostosis patients. International Journal Of Oral And Maxillofacial Surgery 2021, 50: 1040-1046. PMID: 33483210, DOI: 10.1016/j.ijom.2020.11.022.Peer-Reviewed Original Research
2019
What Is the Skull Structure Influence of Squamosal Suture Synostosis in Nonsyndromic and Syndromic Crouzon Craniosynostosis?
Lu X, Chen G, Forte AJ, Cabrejo R, Singh A, Kyle G, Steinbacher DM, Alperovich M, Alonso N, Persing JA. What Is the Skull Structure Influence of Squamosal Suture Synostosis in Nonsyndromic and Syndromic Crouzon Craniosynostosis? Journal Of Craniofacial Surgery 2019, 30: 1671-1675. PMID: 30950948, DOI: 10.1097/scs.0000000000005396.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsMiddle cranial fossaAnterior cranial fossaCranial fossaPosterior cranial fossaSquamosal synostosisFossa volumeCrouzon syndromeSquamosal suture synostosisComputed tomography scanCranial volumeNonsyndromic craniosynostosis patientsVolume reductionSevere volume reductionTomography scanNormal controlsMorphologic effectsCraniosynostosis patientsFossaPremature closureSyndromic conditionsSuture synostosisSyndromic synostosisFrankfort horizontal planeSynostosisThree-dimensional cephalometryAnalysis of Airway and Midface in Crouzon Syndromes
Forte AJ, Lu X, Hashim PW, Steinbacher DM, Alperovich M, Persing JA, Alonso N. Analysis of Airway and Midface in Crouzon Syndromes. Annals Of Plastic Surgery 2019, Publish Ahead of Print: &na;. PMID: 30633021, DOI: 10.1097/sap.0000000000001740.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsPharyngeal airway volumeComputed tomography scanAirway volumeControl subjectsTomography scanCrouzon syndromeAge-matched control subjectsAnalysis of airwaysSevere respiratory impairmentNasal airway volumePosterior pharyngeal wallEarly mixed dentitionCrouzon groupSurgical interventionRespiratory impairmentUpper airwaySoft tissue measurementsPharyngeal wallPosterior tongueMixed dentitionAirwayPatientsSyndromeVolumetric assessmentT-testTemporal Evaluation of Craniofacial Relationships in Apert Syndrome
Lu X, Forte AJ, Sawh-Martinez R, Wu R, Cabrejo R, Gabrick K, Steinbacher DM, Alperovich M, Alonso N, Persing JA. Temporal Evaluation of Craniofacial Relationships in Apert Syndrome. Journal Of Craniofacial Surgery 2019, 30: 317-325. PMID: 30358751, DOI: 10.1097/scs.0000000000004836.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsYears of ageApert syndromeNasal spineComputed tomography scanMaxillary planeAnterior nasal spineMonths of ageApert syndrome patientsPosterior nasal spineSella-nasion planeTomography scanSyndrome patientsAge subgroupsAnatomic relationshipsSyndromeFacial deformityAngulation changeFrankfort horizontal planeCranial base lengthMonthsIntracellular regulatory mechanismsCraniofacial malformationsAgeDeformityMaterialize software
2018
Facial Malformation in Crouzon’s Syndrome Is Consistent with Cranial Base Development in Time and Space
Lu X, Forte AJ, Sawh-Martinez R, Madari S, Wu R, Cabrejo R, Steinbacher DM, Alperovich M, Alonso N, Persing JA. Facial Malformation in Crouzon’s Syndrome Is Consistent with Cranial Base Development in Time and Space. Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery Global Open 2018, 6: e1963. PMID: 30534503, PMCID: PMC6250456, DOI: 10.1097/gox.0000000000001963.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchCranial base deformitySyndrome patientsCrouzon syndromeFrankfort horizontal planeSurgical decision makingAnterior cranial fossaCranial baseMonths of ageCranial base developmentEvident morphologic changesCrouzon syndrome patientsAnterior cranial baseSella-nasion planeTomography scanCranial fossaCrouzon patientsSyndromeMorphologic changesPatientsMandibular planeFacial malformationsPosterior cranial baseDeformityMaxillary planeSella-Nasion