Percutaneous Transhepatic Cholangioscopy
Ahmed S, Schlachter TR, Hong K. Percutaneous Transhepatic Cholangioscopy. Techniques In Vascular And Interventional Radiology 2015, 18: 201-209. PMID: 26615160, DOI: 10.1053/j.tvir.2015.07.003.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsBiliary Tract DiseasesBiopsyCholangiopancreatography, Endoscopic RetrogradeEndoscopesEquipment DesignHumansPredictive Value of TestsRadiography, InterventionalTreatment OutcomeConceptsPercutaneous transhepatic cholangioscopyBiliary systemComplete stone removalObstructive stoneSevere complicationsCommon indicationProcedural successBiliary malignancyBile ductBiliary diseaseBiliary stonesPotential complicationsTumor extentPeroral approachStone removalMalignant lesionsAnatomical considerationsInterventional radiologistsTherapeutic interventionsCholangioscopySurgical planningEffective procedureLaser lithotripsyComplicationsDirect visualization