2022
Re-evaluating the health impact and cost-effectiveness of tuberculosis preventive treatment for modern HIV cohorts on antiretroviral therapy: a modelling analysis using data from Tanzania
Zhu J, Lyatuu G, Sudfeld CR, Kiravu A, Sando D, Machumi L, Minde J, Chisonjela F, Cohen T, Menzies NA. Re-evaluating the health impact and cost-effectiveness of tuberculosis preventive treatment for modern HIV cohorts on antiretroviral therapy: a modelling analysis using data from Tanzania. The Lancet Global Health 2022, 10: e1646-e1654. PMID: 36240830, PMCID: PMC9553191, DOI: 10.1016/s2214-109x(22)00372-2.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsIsoniazid preventive therapyCD4 cell countAntiretroviral therapyCell countART cohortAverage CD4 cell countHigher CD4 cell countsLarge HIV treatment programHealth impactsTuberculosis preventive treatmentHIV treatment programsLifetime costsIncremental lifetime costLifetime health benefitsCourse of infectionGreater health gainsLong-term healthART initiationTreat guidelinesHIV cohortPreventive therapyTuberculosis riskUS National InstitutesHIV programsSubgroup analysis
2020
Evaluation of 6-Month Versus Continuous Isoniazid Preventive Therapy for Mycobacterium tuberculosis in Adults Living With HIV/AIDS in Malawi.
Hsieh YL, Jahn A, Menzies NA, Yaesoubi R, Salomon JA, Girma B, Gunde L, Eaton JW, Auld A, Odo M, Kiyiika CN, Kalua T, Chiwandira B, Mpunga JU, Mbendra K, Corbett L, Hosseinipour MC, Cohen T, Kunkel A. Evaluation of 6-Month Versus Continuous Isoniazid Preventive Therapy for Mycobacterium tuberculosis in Adults Living With HIV/AIDS in Malawi. JAIDS Journal Of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes 2020, 85: 643-650. PMID: 33177475, PMCID: PMC8564780, DOI: 10.1097/qai.0000000000002497.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsIsoniazid preventive therapyIPT programIPT strategyPreventive therapyContinuous isoniazid preventive therapyMore TB casesHIV-positive adultsCases of tuberculosisAnticipated health effectsComparable health benefitsHIV/AIDSCause deathAntiretroviral therapyTB casesTB controlTB incidenceDrug costsMalawi MinistryMean reductionTuberculosisMycobacterium tuberculosisTherapyAnticipated health impactsHealth effectsHealth benefitsCost-effectiveness of post-treatment follow-up examinations and secondary prevention of tuberculosis in a high-incidence setting: a model-based analysis
Marx FM, Cohen T, Menzies NA, Salomon JA, Theron G, Yaesoubi R. Cost-effectiveness of post-treatment follow-up examinations and secondary prevention of tuberculosis in a high-incidence setting: a model-based analysis. The Lancet Global Health 2020, 8: e1223-e1233. PMID: 32827484, PMCID: PMC7549318, DOI: 10.1016/s2214-109x(20)30227-8.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsIsoniazid preventive therapySecondary preventive therapyHigh-incidence settingsPost-treatment followPreventive therapyTuberculosis controlTuberculosis incidenceTreatment completionTuberculosis case findingOverall disease burdenHigh tuberculosis incidenceTuberculosis-endemic settingHigh-incidence communityFirst yearHealth system costsRecurrent tuberculosisSecondary preventionAnnual followTuberculosis treatmentDisease burdenHigh riskCase findingSingle followSuburban Cape TownPreventive interventionsTransmission Modeling with Regression Adjustment for Analyzing Household-based Studies of Infectious Disease: Application to Tuberculosis.
Crawford FW, Marx FM, Zelner J, Cohen T. Transmission Modeling with Regression Adjustment for Analyzing Household-based Studies of Infectious Disease: Application to Tuberculosis. Epidemiology 2020, 31: 238-247. PMID: 31764276, PMCID: PMC7718772, DOI: 10.1097/ede.0000000000001143.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsSusceptible household contactsHousehold contactsTB casesBacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccinationInfected household contactsIsoniazid preventive therapyActive tuberculosis casesCulture-positive casesRisk of diseaseCohort studyMicrobiological confirmationPreventive therapyTuberculosis casesRisk factorsInfection resultsAdult contactsInfection riskInfectious diseasesLogistic regressionRate of transmissionTransmissible diseasesDiseaseIndividual-level characteristicsHigher hazardDisease susceptibilityThe risk of tuberculosis in children after close exposure: a systematic review and individual-participant meta-analysis
Martinez L, Cords O, Horsburgh C, Andrews J, Consortium P, Acuna-Villaorduna C, Ahuja S, Altet N, Augusto O, Baliashvili D, Basu S, Becerra M, Bonnet M, Boom W, Borgdorff M, Boulahbal F, Carvalho A, Cayla J, Chakhaia T, Chan P, Cohen T, Croda J, Datta S, del Corral H, Denholm J, Dietze R, Dobler C, Donkor S, Egere U, Ellner J, Espinal M, Evans C, Fang C, Fielding K, Fox G, García L, García-Basteiro A, Geis S, Graham S, Grandjean L, Hannoun D, Hatherill M, Hauri A, Hesseling A, Hill P, Huang L, Huerga H, Hussain R, Jarlsberg L, Jones-López E, Kato S, Kato-Maeda M, Kampmann B, Kirchner H, Kritski A, Lange C, Lee C, Lee L, Lee M, Lemos A, Lienhardt C, Ling D, Liu Q, Lo N, Long R, Lopez-Varela E, Lu P, Magee M, Malone L, Mandalakas A, Martinson N, Mazahir R, Murray M, Netto E, Otero L, Parsonnet J, Reingold A, Schaaf H, Seddon J, Sharma S, Singh J, Singh S, Sloot R, Sotgiu G, Stein C, Iqbal N, Triasih R, Trieu L, van der Loeff M, Van der Stuyft P, van Schalkwyk C, Vashishtha R, Verhagen L, Villalba J, Wang J, Whalen C, Yoshiyama T, Zar H, Zellweger J, Zhu L. The risk of tuberculosis in children after close exposure: a systematic review and individual-participant meta-analysis. The Lancet 2020, 395: 973-984. PMID: 32199484, PMCID: PMC7289654, DOI: 10.1016/s0140-6736(20)30166-5.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsYears of agePreventive therapyIncident tuberculosisTuberculosis infectionHazard ratioTuberculosis casesMixed-effects Poisson regression modelsSystematic reviewFinal analysisClose exposureIncident tuberculosis casesRisk of tuberculosisDevelopment of tuberculosisEMBASE electronic databasesIndividual participant dataPositive resultsPoisson regression modelsWeb of ScienceMixed-effects logistic modelBCG vaccinationCohort studyBaseline visitPrevalent tuberculosisContact investigationProspective study
2019
Notification of relapse and other previously treated tuberculosis in the 52 health districts of South Africa
Marx F, Cohen T, Lombard C, Hesseling A, Dlamini S, Beyers N, Naidoo P. Notification of relapse and other previously treated tuberculosis in the 52 health districts of South Africa. The International Journal Of Tuberculosis And Lung Disease 2019, 23: 891-899. PMID: 31533878, DOI: 10.5588/ijtld.18.0609.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsSouth African health districtTB casesCase notification ratesHealth districtTB burdenNotification ratesHigh case notification ratesHIV co-infection rateHuman immunodeficiency virus (HIV) prevalenceTB case notification ratesAntenatal HIV prevalenceSecondary preventive therapyDrug-susceptible tuberculosisNew TB casesCo-infection rateTreatment history informationPreventive therapyMultivariable analysisHIV prevalenceSouth African districtPatient categoriesRelapseTuberculosisTreatment monitoringVirus prevalence
2018
Tuberculosis control interventions targeted to previously treated people in a high-incidence setting: a modelling study
Marx FM, Yaesoubi R, Menzies NA, Salomon JA, Bilinski A, Beyers N, Cohen T. Tuberculosis control interventions targeted to previously treated people in a high-incidence setting: a modelling study. The Lancet Global Health 2018, 6: e426-e435. PMID: 29472018, PMCID: PMC5849574, DOI: 10.1016/s2214-109x(18)30022-6.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsHigh-incidence settingsIsoniazid preventive therapyPreventive therapyTuberculosis treatmentActive casesHIV prevalenceTuberculosis controlControl interventionsIncident tuberculosis casesPrevious tuberculosis treatmentTuberculosis control interventionsTB case notificationHigh-risk groupTransmission dynamic modelTuberculosis deathsHigh tuberculosisRecurrent diseasePrevalent tuberculosisTuberculosis casesTuberculosis incidenceCase notificationTreatment outcomesTuberculosis morbidityTuberculosis epidemicAdditional interventions
2017
Protective effects of household-based TB interventions are robust to neighbourhood-level variation in exposure risk in Lima, Peru: a model-based analysis
Zelner J, Murray M, Becerra M, Galea J, Lecca L, Calderon R, Yataco R, Zhang Z, Cohen T. Protective effects of household-based TB interventions are robust to neighbourhood-level variation in exposure risk in Lima, Peru: a model-based analysis. International Journal Of Epidemiology 2017, 47: 185-192. PMID: 29025111, DOI: 10.1093/ije/dyx171.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsIsoniazid preventive therapyLatent TB infectionTB casesHousehold contactsHousehold exposureTB diseaseHealth centersPopulation-based prospective cohort studyHigh-risk household contactsMore casesBlanket screeningIncident pulmonary tuberculosisIncident TB diseasePositive household contactsProspective cohort studyTB screening programPublic Health CenterIncident tuberculosisTB infectionCohort studyPreventive therapyPulmonary tuberculosisTB incidenceSkin testTB risk
2016
Benefits of continuous isoniazid preventive therapy may outweigh resistance risks in a declining tuberculosis/HIV coepidemic
Kunkel A, Crawford FW, Shepherd J, Cohen T. Benefits of continuous isoniazid preventive therapy may outweigh resistance risks in a declining tuberculosis/HIV coepidemic. AIDS 2016, 30: 2715-2723. PMID: 27782966, PMCID: PMC5089846, DOI: 10.1097/qad.0000000000001235.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsContinuous isoniazid preventive therapyIsoniazid preventive therapyIsoniazid-resistant tuberculosisTB epidemicPreventive therapyEffective TB treatmentLatent TB infectionTB drug resistanceTransmission dynamic modelTB infectionMortality benefitTB treatmentHIV controlHIV incidenceTB incidenceTB transmissionCase findingDrug resistanceIncidenceTuberculosisInitial benefitPLHIVHIVTherapyEpidemicFeasibility of achieving the 2025 WHO global tuberculosis targets in South Africa, China, and India: a combined analysis of 11 mathematical models
Houben RMGJ, Menzies NA, Sumner T, Huynh GH, Arinaminpathy N, Goldhaber-Fiebert JD, Lin HH, Wu CY, Mandal S, Pandey S, Suen SC, Bendavid E, Azman AS, Dowdy DW, Bacaër N, Rhines AS, Feldman MW, Handel A, Whalen CC, Chang ST, Wagner BG, Eckhoff PA, Trauer JM, Denholm JT, McBryde ES, Cohen T, Salomon JA, Pretorius C, Lalli M, Eaton JW, Boccia D, Hosseini M, Gomez GB, Sahu S, Daniels C, Ditiu L, Chin DP, Wang L, Chadha VK, Rade K, Dewan P, Hippner P, Charalambous S, Grant AD, Churchyard G, Pillay Y, Mametja LD, Kimerling ME, Vassall A, White RG. Feasibility of achieving the 2025 WHO global tuberculosis targets in South Africa, China, and India: a combined analysis of 11 mathematical models. The Lancet Global Health 2016, 4: e806-e815. PMID: 27720688, PMCID: PMC6375908, DOI: 10.1016/s2214-109x(16)30199-1.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsEnd TB Strategy targetsPreventive therapyTuberculosis incidenceContinuous isoniazid preventive therapyGlobal tuberculosis targetsIsoniazid preventive therapySymptoms of tuberculosisActive case findingNational Tuberculosis ProgrammeEnd TB StrategyHigh-burden countriesAntiretroviral therapyLatent tuberculosisStrategy targetsTuberculosis burdenTuberculosis careTuberculosis ProgrammeTB StrategyTuberculosis transmissionHealth centersAdditional interventionsTuberculosis interventionsCase findingTuberculosis epidemiologyEpidemiological impact
2014
Age-Specific Risks of Tuberculosis Infection From Household and Community Exposures and Opportunities for Interventions in a High-Burden Setting
Zelner JL, Murray MB, Becerra MC, Galea J, Lecca L, Calderon R, Yataco R, Contreras C, Zhang Z, Grenfell BT, Cohen T. Age-Specific Risks of Tuberculosis Infection From Household and Community Exposures and Opportunities for Interventions in a High-Burden Setting. American Journal Of Epidemiology 2014, 180: 853-861. PMID: 25190676, PMCID: PMC4188339, DOI: 10.1093/aje/kwu192.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsLatent tuberculosis infectionHousehold contactsAge-specific riskYears of ageTuberculosis infectionLarge population-based prospective cohort studyPopulation-based prospective cohort studyHousehold exposureBacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccineIncident pulmonary tuberculosisCommunity exposureProspective cohort studyCalmette-Guérin vaccineHigh-burden settingsPublic Health CenterCommunity-based transmissionRisk of infectionCohort studyLTBI prevalencePreventive therapyPulmonary tuberculosisTuberculosis patientsTuberculosis casesHousehold transmissionExcess riskBacillus Calmette-Guérin and Isoniazid Preventive Therapy Protect Contacts of Patients with Tuberculosis
Zelner JL, Murray MB, Becerra MC, Galea J, Lecca L, Calderon R, Yataco R, Contreras C, Zhang Z, Grenfell BT, Cohen T. Bacillus Calmette-Guérin and Isoniazid Preventive Therapy Protect Contacts of Patients with Tuberculosis. American Journal Of Respiratory And Critical Care Medicine 2014, 189: 853-859. PMID: 24592878, PMCID: PMC4225829, DOI: 10.1164/rccm.201310-1896oc.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAdolescentAdultAge FactorsAgedAged, 80 and overAntitubercular AgentsBCG VaccineChildChild, PreschoolContact TracingFemaleFollow-Up StudiesHumansInfantIsoniazidMaleMiddle AgedModels, StatisticalModels, TheoreticalMultivariate AnalysisOdds RatioPeruProspective StudiesTreatment OutcomeTuberculosis, PulmonaryYoung AdultConceptsIsoniazid preventive therapyAge-specific efficacyLatent TB infectionIncident tuberculosisHousehold contactsTB diseaseTB infectionPulmonary tuberculosisRisk ratioUse of IPTObservational prospective cohort studyBacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccinationHigh TB burden settingsAdditional TB casesHIV-positive contactsIncident pulmonary tuberculosisHIV-negative childrenProspective cohort studyPublic Health CenterBacillus Calmette-GuérinYear-long followWorld Health OrganizationCohort studyPreventive therapyTB cases
2013
Response to Comment on “Community-Wide Isoniazid Preventive Therapy Drives Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis: A Model-Based Analysis”
Mills HL, Cohen T, Colijn C. Response to Comment on “Community-Wide Isoniazid Preventive Therapy Drives Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis: A Model-Based Analysis”. Science Translational Medicine 2013, 5: 204lr4. PMID: 24068734, DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.3007442.Peer-Reviewed Original Research
2012
Controversies and Unresolved Issues in Tuberculosis Prevention and Control: A Low-Burden-Country Perspective
Abubakar I, Stagg HR, Cohen T, Mangtani P, Rodrigues LC, Pimpin L, Watson JM, Squire SB, Zumla A. Controversies and Unresolved Issues in Tuberculosis Prevention and Control: A Low-Burden-Country Perspective. The Journal Of Infectious Diseases 2012, 205: s293-s300. PMID: 22448025, DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jir886.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsHigh-risk groupTuberculosis preventionHigh-income countriesScreening of migrantsContacts of casesLow-burden countriesMultidrug-resistant tuberculosisRate of tuberculosisBurden of diseaseDuration of protectionMost high-income countriesConcentration of casesPreventive therapyBCG vaccineCurrent evidenceGeneral populationLow burdenSurveillance dataTuberculosisReach groupsHomeless personsPace of reductionPreventionBurdenGroup
2011
Quantifying the Burden and Trends of Isoniazid Resistant Tuberculosis, 1994–2009
Jenkins HE, Zignol M, Cohen T. Quantifying the Burden and Trends of Isoniazid Resistant Tuberculosis, 1994–2009. PLOS ONE 2011, 6: e22927. PMID: 21829557, PMCID: PMC3146514, DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0022927.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsIsoniazid preventive therapyIncident TB casesTB casesHIV prevalence countriesHigh HIV prevalence countriesPrevalence countriesHigh HIV prevalence areasRetreatment TB casesHIV prevalence areasIsoniazid-resistant tuberculosisControl of tuberculosisEffect of INHObserved time trendsWorld Health OrganizationPreventive therapyResistant tuberculosisIncident casesTreatment successPrevalence areasIsoniazid resistanceMultidrug resistanceHealth OrganizationTuberculosisINHNational dataModelling the performance of isoniazid preventive therapy for reducing tuberculosis in HIV endemic settings: the effects of network structure
Mills HL, Cohen T, Colijn C. Modelling the performance of isoniazid preventive therapy for reducing tuberculosis in HIV endemic settings: the effects of network structure. Journal Of The Royal Society Interface 2011, 8: 1510-1520. PMID: 21508012, PMCID: PMC3163428, DOI: 10.1098/rsif.2011.0160.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsTB diseaseLatent M. tuberculosis infectionEffects of IptHIV-endemic settingsActive tuberculosis diseaseIsoniazid preventive therapyIntact immune systemM. tuberculosis infectionWorld Health OrganizationPreventive therapyTB casesTuberculosis infectionTuberculosis diseaseClinical trialsEndemic settingsIPT programHigh riskLatent infectionSingle drugCommunity-wide levelRespiratory contactHIVImmune systemPopulation-level impactUse of IPT
2006
Beneficial and perverse effects of isoniazid preventive therapy for latent tuberculosis infection in HIV–tuberculosis coinfected populations
Cohen T, Lipsitch M, Walensky RP, Murray M. Beneficial and perverse effects of isoniazid preventive therapy for latent tuberculosis infection in HIV–tuberculosis coinfected populations. Proceedings Of The National Academy Of Sciences Of The United States Of America 2006, 103: 7042-7047. PMID: 16632605, PMCID: PMC1459015, DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0600349103.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsIsoniazid preventive therapyDrug-resistant TBCommunity-wide isoniazid preventive therapyPreventive therapyTuberculosis infectionTB controlLatent Mycobacterium tuberculosis infectionLatent tuberculosis infectionProportion of patientsMycobacterium tuberculosis infectionIncidence of TBTuberculosis case notificationCommunity-wide implementationEmergence of HIVCommunity-wide strategiesHIV-tuberculosisTB-HIVCoinfected individualsTB epidemicCase notificationTreatment policyHIVTherapyInfectionTB