2019
Lower synaptic density is associated with depression severity and network alterations
Holmes SE, Scheinost D, Finnema SJ, Naganawa M, Davis MT, DellaGioia N, Nabulsi N, Matuskey D, Angarita GA, Pietrzak RH, Duman RS, Sanacora G, Krystal JH, Carson RE, Esterlis I. Lower synaptic density is associated with depression severity and network alterations. Nature Communications 2019, 10: 1529. PMID: 30948709, PMCID: PMC6449365, DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-09562-7.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsMajor depressive disorderPost-traumatic stress disorderLower synaptic densitySynaptic densityPositron emission tomographyFunctional connectivityNetwork alterationsSynaptic vesicle glycoprotein 2ASymptoms of depressionSynaptic lossDepressive disorderHealthy controlsNerve terminalsDepressive symptomsDepression severityUnmedicated individualsSynaptic connectionsEmission tomographyStress disorderVivo evidenceSymptomsDepressionSeverityDisordersAlterations
2017
Elevated Translocator Protein in Anterior Cingulate in Major Depression and a Role for Inflammation in Suicidal Thinking: A Positron Emission Tomography Study
Holmes SE, Hinz R, Conen S, Gregory CJ, Matthews JC, Anton-Rodriguez JM, Gerhard A, Talbot PS. Elevated Translocator Protein in Anterior Cingulate in Major Depression and a Role for Inflammation in Suicidal Thinking: A Positron Emission Tomography Study. Biological Psychiatry 2017, 83: 61-69. PMID: 28939116, DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2017.08.005.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsAnterior cingulate cortexMajor depressive episodeMajor depressive disorderPositron emission tomographyTSPO availabilityDepressive episodeControl subjectsDepressive disorderTranslocator proteinPK11195 positron emission tomographySevere major depressive episodeEmission tomographySuicidal thinkingSuicidal thoughtsPrefrontal cortexInvolvement of inflammationPeripheral inflammatory markersPositron emission tomography studyAnti-inflammatory therapyHealthy control subjectsLeast moderate severityMedication-free patientsEmission tomography studiesTSPO-specific radioligandBrains of individualsAltered metabotropic glutamate receptor 5 markers in PTSD: In vivo and postmortem evidence
Holmes SE, Girgenti MJ, Davis MT, Pietrzak RH, DellaGioia N, Nabulsi N, Matuskey D, Southwick S, Duman RS, Carson RE, Krystal JH, Esterlis I, Friedman M, Kowall N, Brady C, McKee A, Stein T, Huber B, Kaloupek D, Alvarez V, Benedek D, Ursano R, Williamson D, Cruz D, Young K, Duman R, Krystal J, Mash D, Hardegree M, Serlin G. Altered metabotropic glutamate receptor 5 markers in PTSD: In vivo and postmortem evidence. Proceedings Of The National Academy Of Sciences Of The United States Of America 2017, 114: 8390-8395. PMID: 28716937, PMCID: PMC5547601, DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1701749114.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsPosttraumatic stress disorderMGluR5 availabilityPositron emission tomographyGlutamate systemMetabotropic glutamate receptor 5Treatment of PTSDHuman posttraumatic stress disorderGlutamate receptor 5Mechanism-based treatmentsExpression of FKBP5Promising treatment targetHuman postmortem tissueTargeted pharmacological treatmentStress psychopathologyPharmacological treatmentExpression of proteinsReceptor 5MGluR5Treatment targetsPostmortem tissueEmission tomographyStress disorderPostmortem samplesPromising targetDisorders
2016
In vivo imaging of brain microglial activity in antipsychotic-free and medicated schizophrenia: a [11C](R)-PK11195 positron emission tomography study
Holmes SE, Hinz R, Drake RJ, Gregory CJ, Conen S, Matthews JC, Anton-Rodriguez JM, Gerhard A, Talbot PS. In vivo imaging of brain microglial activity in antipsychotic-free and medicated schizophrenia: a [11C](R)-PK11195 positron emission tomography study. Molecular Psychiatry 2016, 21: 1672-1679. PMID: 27698434, DOI: 10.1038/mp.2016.180.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsMedicated patientsTSPO availabilityMicroglial activationMicroglial activityNegative symptomsAntipsychotic-naive groupBrain microglial activityRegular intramuscular injectionsPositron emission tomography studySubset of patientsAnti-inflammatory statePrimary negative symptomsBrain of adultAntipsychotic-free patientsPathophysiology of schizophreniaPotential modulatory effectsEmission tomography studiesHealthy comparison subjectsTranslocator proteinNegative Syndrome ScaleEmission Tomography ImagingPositron emission tomography (PET) imagingParietal cortical regionsAntipsychotic medicationMedicated schizophrenia