2021
A Phase I Study of APX005M and Cabiralizumab with or without Nivolumab in Patients with Melanoma, Kidney Cancer, or Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer Resistant to Anti-PD-1/PD-L1
Weiss SA, Djureinovic D, Jessel S, Krykbaeva I, Zhang L, Jilaveanu L, Ralabate A, Johnson B, Levit NS, Anderson G, Zelterman D, Wei W, Mahajan A, Trifan O, Bosenberg M, Kaech SM, Perry CJ, Damsky W, Gettinger S, Sznol M, Hurwitz M, Kluger HM. A Phase I Study of APX005M and Cabiralizumab with or without Nivolumab in Patients with Melanoma, Kidney Cancer, or Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer Resistant to Anti-PD-1/PD-L1. Clinical Cancer Research 2021, 27: 4757-4767. PMID: 34140403, PMCID: PMC9236708, DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-21-0903.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsAnti-PD-1/PD-L1Non-small cell lung cancerCell lung cancerRenal cell carcinomaPD-L1Lung cancerDisease progressionCommon treatment-related adverse eventsPD-1/PD-L1 inhibitorsTreatment-related adverse eventsPhase 2 doseSubstantial clinical challengeUnconfirmed partial responseDose-limiting toxicityPD-L1 inhibitorsPhase I trialDose-escalation designPro-inflammatory cytokinesMultiple tumor typesAsymptomatic elevationStable diseaseIntolerable toxicityAdverse eventsMedian durationPartial response
2020
Clinical Activity and Safety of Atezolizumab in a Phase 1 Study of Patients With Relapsed/Refractory Small-Cell Lung Cancer
Chiang AC, Sequist LVD, Gilbert J, Conkling P, Thompson D, Marcoux JP, Gettinger S, Kowanetz M, Molinero L, O'Hear C, Fassò M, Lam S, Gordon MS. Clinical Activity and Safety of Atezolizumab in a Phase 1 Study of Patients With Relapsed/Refractory Small-Cell Lung Cancer. Clinical Lung Cancer 2020, 21: 455-463.e4. PMID: 32586767, DOI: 10.1016/j.cllc.2020.05.008.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsSmall cell lung cancerRefractory small cell lung cancerImmune-related response criteriaTreatment-related adverse eventsProgression-free survivalOverall survivalLung cancerMedian investigator-assessed progression-free survivalGrade treatment-related adverse eventsInvestigator-assessed progression-free survivalTumor-specific T cell immunityMetastatic small cell lung cancerSolid Tumors version 1.1T-effector gene signaturePD-L1 mRNA expressionSafety of atezolizumabAntitumor activityMedian overall survivalResponse Evaluation CriteriaCohort of patientsPD-L1 signalingPhase 1 studyT cell immunityDuration of responseEligible patients
2019
EGFR mutation subtypes and response to immune checkpoint blockade treatment in non-small-cell lung cancer
Hastings K, Yu HA, Wei W, Sanchez-Vega F, DeVeaux M, Choi J, Rizvi H, Lisberg A, Truini A, Lydon CA, Liu Z, Henick BS, Wurtz A, Cai G, Plodkowski AJ, Long NM, Halpenny DF, Killam J, Oliva I, Schultz N, Riely GJ, Arcila ME, Ladanyi M, Zelterman D, Herbst RS, Goldberg SB, Awad MM, Garon EB, Gettinger S, Hellmann MD, Politi K. EGFR mutation subtypes and response to immune checkpoint blockade treatment in non-small-cell lung cancer. Annals Of Oncology 2019, 30: 1311-1320. PMID: 31086949, PMCID: PMC6683857, DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdz141.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAgedAllelesAntineoplastic Agents, ImmunologicalB7-H1 AntigenBiomarkers, TumorCarcinoma, Non-Small-Cell LungDrug Resistance, NeoplasmErbB ReceptorsFemaleGenetic HeterogeneityHumansLungLung NeoplasmsMaleMiddle AgedMutationProgrammed Cell Death 1 ReceptorProgression-Free SurvivalRetrospective StudiesTobacco SmokingConceptsEGFR-mutant tumorsMemorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer CenterYale Cancer CenterImmune checkpoint inhibitorsPD-L1 expressionImmune checkpoint blockadeTumor mutation burdenCancer CenterLung tumorsCheckpoint blockadeEGFR mutant lung tumorsMutant tumorsCheckpoint inhibitorsLung cancerMutation burdenImmune checkpoint blockade treatmentLow tumor mutation burdenDana-Farber Cancer InstituteEGFR wild-type lung cancersCheckpoint blockade treatmentCell lung cancerEGFR mutation subtypesSimilar smoking historyCell death 1Lung cancer cases
2018
Cryotherapy for nodal metastasis in NSCLC with acquired resistance to immunotherapy
Adam LC, Raja J, Ludwig JM, Adeniran A, Gettinger SN, Kim HS. Cryotherapy for nodal metastasis in NSCLC with acquired resistance to immunotherapy. Journal For ImmunoTherapy Of Cancer 2018, 6: 147. PMID: 30541627, PMCID: PMC6292083, DOI: 10.1186/s40425-018-0468-x.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsNon-small cell lung cancerCell lung cancerMetastatic diseaseNodal metastasisLung cancerMetastatic non-small cell lung cancerDurable complete responseLymph nodal metastasisMalignant pericardial effusionCervical lymph nodesPD-L1 expressionSquamous cell cancerImmune checkpoint immunotherapyLong-term effectivenessCombination immunotherapyCheckpoint inhibitorsPericardial effusionCheckpoint immunotherapyComplete responseLymph nodesCell cancerFemale smokersLung lesionsResistant metastasesConventional chemotherapy
2017
Impaired HLA Class I Antigen Processing and Presentation as a Mechanism of Acquired Resistance to Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors in Lung Cancer
Gettinger S, Choi J, Hastings K, Truini A, Datar I, Sowell R, Wurtz A, Dong W, Cai G, Melnick MA, Du VY, Schlessinger J, Goldberg SB, Chiang A, Sanmamed MF, Melero I, Agorreta J, Montuenga LM, Lifton R, Ferrone S, Kavathas P, Rimm DL, Kaech SM, Schalper K, Herbst RS, Politi K. Impaired HLA Class I Antigen Processing and Presentation as a Mechanism of Acquired Resistance to Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors in Lung Cancer. Cancer Discovery 2017, 7: cd-17-0593. PMID: 29025772, PMCID: PMC5718941, DOI: 10.1158/2159-8290.cd-17-0593.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsDrug Resistance, NeoplasmGene Expression Regulation, NeoplasticHistocompatibility Antigens Class IHumansLung NeoplasmsSignal TransductionConceptsImmune checkpoint inhibitorsPatient-derived xenograftsHLA class ILung cancerClass ICell surface HLA class ILung cancer mouse modelPD-1 blockadeStandard treatment algorithmCancer mouse modelLung cancer samplesDefective antigen processingCheckpoint inhibitorsPD-1Treatment algorithmMouse modelAntagonistic antibodiesDiverse malignanciesAntigen processingCancer samplesB2MHomozygous lossTumorsCancerRecurrent mutationsContinued use of afatinib with the addition of cetuximab after progression on afatinib in patients with EGFR mutation-positive non-small-cell lung cancer and acquired resistance to gefitinib or erlotinib
Horn L, Gettinger S, Camidge DR, Smit EF, Janjigian YY, Miller VA, Pao W, Freiwald M, Fan J, Wang B, Chand VK, Groen HJM. Continued use of afatinib with the addition of cetuximab after progression on afatinib in patients with EGFR mutation-positive non-small-cell lung cancer and acquired resistance to gefitinib or erlotinib. Lung Cancer 2017, 113: 51-58. PMID: 29110849, DOI: 10.1016/j.lungcan.2017.08.014.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAdultAfatinibAgedAged, 80 and overAntineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy ProtocolsCarcinoma, Non-Small-Cell LungCetuximabCohort StudiesDiarrheaDisease ProgressionDrug Resistance, NeoplasmErbB ReceptorsErlotinib HydrochlorideExanthemaFemaleGefitinibHumansKaplan-Meier EstimateLung NeoplasmsMaleMiddle AgedMutationQuinazolinesConceptsEGFR mutation-positive NSCLCEpidermal growth factor receptorMutation-positive NSCLCCell lung cancerAdverse eventsAfatinib monotherapyMedian PFSLung cancerDrug-related grade 3/4 adverse eventsFrequent drug-related adverse eventsDrug-related adverse eventsGrade 3/4 adverse eventsAddition of cetuximabIntolerable adverse eventsPhase Ib trialT790M-negative tumorsPercent of patientsPredictable safety profileAfatinib dailyGrowth factor receptorIb trialSafety profileClinical activityDry skinSeparate cohort
2014
Perfect ALKemy: Optimizing the Use of ALK-Directed Therapies in Lung Cancer
Politi K, Gettinger S. Perfect ALKemy: Optimizing the Use of ALK-Directed Therapies in Lung Cancer. Clinical Cancer Research 2014, 20: 5576-5578. PMID: 25228532, PMCID: PMC4401422, DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-14-2306.Commentaries, Editorials and LettersMeSH KeywordsCarbazolesDrug Resistance, NeoplasmHumansMutationPiperidinesProtein Kinase InhibitorsReceptor Protein-Tyrosine KinasesDual Inhibition of EGFR with Afatinib and Cetuximab in Kinase Inhibitor–Resistant EGFR-Mutant Lung Cancer with and without T790M Mutations
Janjigian YY, Smit EF, Groen HJ, Horn L, Gettinger S, Camidge DR, Riely GJ, Wang B, Fu Y, Chand VK, Miller VA, Pao W. Dual Inhibition of EGFR with Afatinib and Cetuximab in Kinase Inhibitor–Resistant EGFR-Mutant Lung Cancer with and without T790M Mutations. Cancer Discovery 2014, 4: 1036-1045. PMID: 25074459, PMCID: PMC4155006, DOI: 10.1158/2159-8290.cd-14-0326.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsEGFR-mutant lung cancerT790M mutationLung cancerM mutationGrade 3/4 adverse eventsMedian progression-free survivalEGFR T790M mutationErlotinib/gefitinibRobust clinical activityT790M-negative tumorsManageable safety profileObjective response ratePhase Ib studyProgression-free survivalMutant lung cancerGefitinib/erlotinibFirst clinical proofReversible EGFR inhibitorsAdverse eventsMedian durationObjective responseSafety profilePreclinical hypothesisEGFR mutationsClinical activityAcquired Resistance of EGFR-Mutant Lung Adenocarcinomas to Afatinib plus Cetuximab Is Associated with Activation of mTORC1
Pirazzoli V, Nebhan C, Song X, Wurtz A, Walther Z, Cai G, Zhao Z, Jia P, de Stanchina E, Shapiro EM, Gale M, Yin R, Horn L, Carbone DP, Stephens PJ, Miller V, Gettinger S, Pao W, Politi K. Acquired Resistance of EGFR-Mutant Lung Adenocarcinomas to Afatinib plus Cetuximab Is Associated with Activation of mTORC1. Cell Reports 2014, 7: 999-1008. PMID: 24813888, PMCID: PMC4074596, DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2014.04.014.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAdenocarcinomaAdenocarcinoma of LungAfatinibAnimalsAntibodies, Monoclonal, HumanizedAntineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy ProtocolsCell Line, TumorCetuximabDrug Resistance, NeoplasmErbB ReceptorsHumansLung NeoplasmsMechanistic Target of Rapamycin Complex 1MiceMice, NudeMice, TransgenicMultiprotein ComplexesMutationQuinazolinesRandom AllocationTOR Serine-Threonine KinasesXenograft Model Antitumor AssaysConceptsTyrosine kinase inhibitorsFirst-generation tyrosine kinase inhibitorEGFR-mutant lung adenocarcinomaLung adenocarcinomaMechanisms of resistanceEGFR antibody cetuximabPotential therapeutic strategyBiopsy specimensAntibody cetuximabDrug combinationsMouse modelTherapeutic strategiesAfatinibAddition of rapamycinCetuximabDual inhibitionAcquired ResistanceKinase inhibitorsGenomic alterationsAdenocarcinomaPatientsActivationGenomic mechanismsDrugsMTORC1 activationReduced NF1 Expression Confers Resistance to EGFR Inhibition in Lung Cancer
de Bruin EC, Cowell C, Warne PH, Jiang M, Saunders RE, Melnick MA, Gettinger S, Walther Z, Wurtz A, Heynen GJ, Heideman DA, Gómez-Román J, García-Castaño A, Gong Y, Ladanyi M, Varmus H, Bernards R, Smit EF, Politi K, Downward J. Reduced NF1 Expression Confers Resistance to EGFR Inhibition in Lung Cancer. Cancer Discovery 2014, 4: 606-619. PMID: 24535670, PMCID: PMC4011693, DOI: 10.1158/2159-8290.cd-13-0741.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsLung cancerMAP-ERK kinase (MEK) inhibitorsEGF receptorEGFR-mutant lung adenocarcinomaKinase inhibitorsHuman lung cancer cell linesResistance of lungSubgroup of patientsLung cancer cell linesCancer cell linesClinical responsivenessCombination therapyEGFR-TKIEGFR mutationsErlotinib resistanceLung adenocarcinomaRAS-ERK signalingEGFR inhibitionMEK inhibitorsErlotinibReduced expressionNF1 expressionPatientsCell linesNeurofibromin levels
2011
A Decade of Advances in Treatment for Advanced Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer
Gettinger S, Lynch T. A Decade of Advances in Treatment for Advanced Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer. Clinics In Chest Medicine 2011, 32: 839-851. PMID: 22054890, DOI: 10.1016/j.ccm.2011.08.017.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsNon-small cell lung cancerAdvanced non-small cell lung cancerCell lung cancerLung cancerEpidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutational statusProspective randomized clinical trialsRandomized clinical trialsClinical characteristicsClinical trialsTraditional chemotherapyMutational statusTherapyHistologyCancerHomogeneous populationTreatmentChemotherapyPatientsDecades of advancesTrialsBiomarkersGenotypic and Histological Evolution of Lung Cancers Acquiring Resistance to EGFR Inhibitors
Sequist LV, Waltman BA, Dias-Santagata D, Digumarthy S, Turke AB, Fidias P, Bergethon K, Shaw AT, Gettinger S, Cosper AK, Akhavanfard S, Heist RS, Temel J, Christensen JG, Wain JC, Lynch TJ, Vernovsky K, Mark EJ, Lanuti M, Iafrate AJ, Mino-Kenudson M, Engelman JA. Genotypic and Histological Evolution of Lung Cancers Acquiring Resistance to EGFR Inhibitors. Science Translational Medicine 2011, 3: 75ra26. PMID: 21430269, PMCID: PMC3132801, DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.3002003.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsNon-small cell lung cancerSmall cell lung cancerCell lung cancerLung cancerEpidermal growth factor receptorEGFR mutationsDrug resistanceEGFR inhibitorsDrug-resistant non-small cell lung cancerEGFR T790M mutationEGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitorsMET gene amplificationEGFR inhibitor treatmentT790M mutationTyrosine kinase inhibitorsDrug-resistant tumorsGrowth factor receptorSerial biopsiesSCLC treatmentMechanisms of resistanceHistological evolutionResistant tumorsTumor biopsiesSuch cancersInhibitor treatment