2016
Global, regional, and national incidence, prevalence, and years lived with disability for 310 diseases and injuries, 1990–2015: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2015
Collaborators G, Vos T, Allen C, Arora M, Barber R, Bhutta Z, Brown A, Carter A, Casey D, Charlson F, Chen A, Coggeshall M, Cornaby L, Dandona L, Dicker D, Dilegge T, Erskine H, Ferrari A, Fitzmaurice C, Fleming T, Forouzanfar M, Fullman N, Gething P, Goldberg E, Graetz N, Haagsma J, Hay S, Johnson C, Kassebaum N, Kawashima T, Kemmer L, Khalil I, Kinfu Y, Kyu H, Leung J, Liang X, Lim S, Lopez A, Lozano R, Marczak L, Mensah G, Mokdad A, Naghavi M, Nguyen G, Nsoesie E, Olsen H, Pigott D, Pinho C, Rankin Z, Reinig N, Salomon J, Sandar L, Smith A, Stanaway J, Steiner C, Teeple S, Thomas B, Troeger C, Wagner J, Wang H, Wanga V, Whiteford H, Zoeckler L, Abajobir A, Abate K, Abbafati C, Abbas K, Abd-Allah F, Abraham B, Abubakar I, Abu-Raddad L, Abu-Rmeileh N, Ackerman I, Adebiyi A, Ademi Z, Adou A, Afanvi K, Agardh E, Agarwal A, Kiadaliri A, Ahmadieh H, Ajala O, Akinyemi R, Akseer N, Al-Aly Z, Alam K, Alam N, Aldhahri S, Alegretti M, Alemu Z, Alexander L, Alhabib S, Ali R, Alkerwi A, Alla F, Allebeck P, Al-Raddadi R, Alsharif U, Altirkawi K, Alvis-Guzman N, Amare A, Amberbir A, Amini H, Ammar W, Amrock S, Andersen H, Anderson G, Anderson B, Antonio C, Aregay A, Ärnlöv J, Artaman A, Asayesh H, Assadi R, Atique S, Avokpaho E, Awasthi A, Quintanilla B, Azzopardi P, Bacha U, Badawi A, Balakrishnan K, Banerjee A, Barac A, Barker-Collo S, Bärnighausen T, Barregard L, Barrero L, Basu A, Bazargan-Hejazi S, Beghi E, Bell B, Bell M, Bennett D, Bensenor I, Benzian H, Berhane A, Bernabé E, Betsu B, Beyene A, Bhala N, Bhatt S, Biadgilign S, Bienhoff K, Bikbov B, Biryukov S, Bisanzio D, Bjertness E, Blore J, Borschmann R, Boufous S, Brainin M, Brazinova A, Breitborde N, Brown J, Buchbinder R, Buckle G, Butt Z, Calabria B, Campos-Nonato I, Campuzano J, Carabin H, Cárdenas R, Carpenter D, Carrero J, Castañeda-Orjuela C, Rivas J, Catalá-López F, Chang J, Chiang P, Chibueze C, Chisumpa V, Choi J, Chowdhury R, Christensen H, Christopher D, Ciobanu L, Cirillo M, Coates M, Colquhoun S, Cooper C, Cortinovis M, Crump J, Damtew S, Dandona R, Daoud F, Dargan P, Neves J, Davey G, Davis A, De Leo D, Degenhardt L, Del Gobbo L, Dellavalle R, Deribe K, Deribew A, Derrett S, Jarlais D, Dharmaratne S, Dhillon P, Diaz-Torné C, Ding E, Driscoll T, Duan L, Dubey M, Duncan B, Ebrahimi H, Ellenbogen R, Elyazar I, Endres M, Endries A, Ermakov S, Eshrati B, Estep K, Farid T, Farinha C, Faro A, Farvid M, Farzadfar F, Feigin V, Felson D, Fereshtehnejad S, Fernandes J, Fernandes J, Fischer F, Fitchett J, Foreman K, Fowkes F, Fox J, Franklin R, Friedman J, Frostad J, Fürst T, Futran N, Gabbe B, Ganguly P, Gankpé F, Gebre T, Gebrehiwot T, Gebremedhin A, Geleijnse J, Gessner B, Gibney K, Ginawi I, Giref A, Giroud M, Gishu M, Giussani G, Glaser E, Godwin W, Gomez-Dantes H, Gona P, Goodridge A, Gopalani S, Gotay C, Goto A, Gouda H, Grainger R, Greaves F, Guillemin F, Guo Y, Gupta R, Gupta R, Gupta V, Gutiérrez R, Haile D, Hailu A, Hailu G, Halasa Y, Hamadeh R, Hamidi S, Hammami M, Hancock J, Handal A, Hankey G, Hao Y, Harb H, Harikrishnan S, Haro J, Havmoeller R, Hay R, Heredia-Pi I, Heydarpour P, Hoek H, Horino M, Horita N, Hosgood H, Hoy D, Htet A, Huang H, Huang J, Huynh C, Iannarone M, Iburg K, Innos K, Inoue M, Iyer V, Jacobsen K, Jahanmehr N, Jakovljevic M, Javanbakht M, Jayaraman S, Jayatilleke A, Jee S, Jeemon P, Jensen P, Jiang Y, Jibat T, Jimenez-Corona A, Jin Y, Jonas J, Kabir Z, Kalkonde Y, Kamal R, Kan H, Karch A, Karema C, Karimkhani C, Kasaeian A, Kaul A, Kawakami N, Keiyoro P, Kemp A, Keren A, Kesavachandran C, Khader Y, Khan A, Khan E, Khang Y, Khera S, Khoja T, Khubchandani J, Kieling C, Kim P, Kim C, Kim D, Kim Y, Kissoon N, Knibbs L, Knudsen A, Kokubo Y, Kolte D, Kopec J, Kosen S, Kotsakis G, Koul P, Koyanagi A, Kravchenko M, Defo B, Bicer B, Kudom A, Kuipers E, Kumar G, Kutz M, Kwan G, Lal A, Lalloo R, Lallukka T, Lam H, Lam J, Langan S, Larsson A, Lavados P, Leasher J, Leigh J, Leung R, Levi M, Li Y, Li Y, Liang J, Liu S, Liu Y, Lloyd B, Lo W, Logroscino G, Looker K, Lotufo P, Lunevicius R, Lyons R, Mackay M, Magdy M, Razek A, Mahdavi, Majdan M, Majeed A, Malekzadeh R, Marcenes W, Margolis D, Martinez-Raga J, Masiye F, Massano J, McGarvey S, McGrath J, McKee M, McMahon B, Meaney P, Mehari A, Mejia-Rodriguez F, Mekonnen A, Melaku Y, Memiah P, Memish Z, Mendoza W, Meretoja A, Meretoja T, Mhimbira F, Millear A, Miller T, Mills E, Mirarefin M, Mitchell P, Mock C, Mohammadi A, Mohammed S, Monasta L, Hernandez J, Montico M, Mooney M, Moradi-Lakeh M, Morawska L, Mueller U, Mullany E, Mumford J, Murdoch M, Nachega J, Nagel G, Naheed A, Naldi L, Nangia V, Newton J, Ng M, Ngalesoni F, Le Nguyen Q, Nisar M, Pete P, Nolla J, Norheim O, Norman R, Norrving B, Nunes B, Ogbo F, Oh I, Ohkubo T, Olivares P, Olusanya B, Olusanya J, Ortiz A, Osman M, Ota E, Mahesh P, Park E, Parsaeian M, de Azeredo Passos V, Caicedo A, Patten S, Patton G, Pereira D, Perez-Padilla R, Perico N, Pesudovs K, Petzold M, Phillips M, Piel F, Pillay J, Pishgar F, Plass D, Platts-Mills J, Polinder S, Pond C, Popova S, Poulton R, Pourmalek F, Prabhakaran D, Prasad N, Qorbani M, Rabiee R, Radfar A, Rafay A, Rahimi K, Rahimi-Movaghar V, Rahman M, Rahman M, Rahman S, Kumar R, Rajsic S, Ram U, Rao P, Refaat A, Reitsma M, Remuzzi G, Resnikoff S, Reynolds A, Ribeiro A, Blancas M, Roba H, Rojas-Rueda D, Ronfani L, Roshandel G, Roth G, Rothenbacher D, Roy A, Sagar R, Sahathevan R, Sanabria J, Sanchez-Niño M, Santos I, Santos J, Sarmiento-Suarez R, Sartorius B, Satpathy M, Savic M, Sawhney M, Schaub M, Schmidt M, Schneider I, Schöttker B, Schwebel D, Scott J, Seedat S, Sepanlou S, Servan-Mori E, Shackelford K, Shaheen A, Shaikh M, Sharma R, Sharma U, Shen J, Shepard D, Sheth K, Shibuya K, Shin M, Shiri R, Shiue I, Shrime M, Sigfusdottir I, Silva D, Silveira D, Singh A, Singh J, Singh O, Singh P, Sivonda A, Skirbekk V, Skogen J, Sligar A, Sliwa K, Soljak M, Søreide K, Sorensen R, Soriano J, Sposato L, Sreeramareddy C, Stathopoulou V, Steel N, Stein D, Steiner T, Steinke S, Stovner L, Stroumpoulis K, Sunguya B, Sur P, Swaminathan S, Sykes B, Szoeke C, Tabarés-Seisdedos R, Takala J, Tandon N, Tanne D, Tavakkoli M, Taye B, Taylor H, Ao B, Tedla B, Terkawi A, Thomson A, Thorne-Lyman A, Thrift A, Thurston G, Tobe-Gai R, Tonelli M, Topor-Madry R, Topouzis F, Tran B, Truelsen T, Dimbuene Z, Tsilimbaris M, Tura A, Tuzcu E, Tyrovolas S, Ukwaja K, Undurraga E, Uneke C, Uthman O, van Gool C, Varakin Y, Vasankari T, Venketasubramanian N, Verma R, Violante F, Vladimirov S, Vlassov V, Vollset S, Wagner G, Waller S, Wang L, Watkins D, Weichenthal S, Weiderpass E, Weintraub R, Werdecker A, Westerman R, White R, Williams H, Wiysonge C, Wolfe C, Won S, Woodbrook R, Wubshet M, Xavier D, Xu G, Yadav A, Yan L, Yano Y, Yaseri M, Ye P, Yebyo H, Yip P, Yonemoto N, Yoon S, Younis M, Yu C, Zaidi Z, Zaki M, Zeeb H, Zhou M, Zodpey S, Zuhlke L, Murray C. Global, regional, and national incidence, prevalence, and years lived with disability for 310 diseases and injuries, 1990–2015: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2015. The Lancet 2016, 388: 1545-1602. PMID: 27733282, PMCID: PMC5055577, DOI: 10.1016/s0140-6736(16)31678-6.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsNon-communicable diseasesDisMod-MR 2.1Iron deficiency anemiaNon-fatal outcomesHIV/AIDSGBD 2013Global burdenStudy 2015Risk Factors Study 2015Bayesian meta-regression toolTropical diseasesCentral Latin AmericaSense organ disordersUpper respiratory infectionDisease Study 2015Sequelae of diseaseTension-type headacheCause of yearsCombinations of prevalenceYears of lifePermanent cariesGBD studyNeck painGBD 2010Genital herpes
2015
Global, regional, and national incidence, prevalence, and years lived with disability for 301 acute and chronic diseases and injuries in 188 countries, 1990–2013: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2013
Collaborators G, Vos T, Barber R, Bell B, Bertozzi-Villa A, Biryukov S, Bolliger I, Charlson F, Davis A, Degenhardt L, Dicker D, Duan L, Erskine H, Feigin V, Ferrari A, Fitzmaurice C, Fleming T, Graetz N, Guinovart C, Haagsma J, Hansen G, Hanson S, Heuton K, Higashi H, Kassebaum N, Kyu H, Laurie E, Liang X, Lofgren K, Lozano R, MacIntyre M, Moradi-Lakeh M, Naghavi M, Nguyen G, Odell S, Ortblad K, Roberts D, Roth G, Sandar L, Serina P, Stanaway J, Steiner C, Thomas B, Vollset S, Whiteford H, Wolock T, Ye P, Zhou M, Ãvila M, Aasvang G, Abbafati C, Ozgoren A, Abd-Allah F, Aziz M, Abera S, Aboyans V, Abraham J, Abraham B, Abubakar I, Abu-Raddad L, Abu-Rmeileh N, Aburto T, Achoki T, Ackerman I, Adelekan A, Ademi Z, Adou A, Adsuar J, Arnlov J, Agardh E, Al Khabouri M, Alam S, Alasfoor D, Albittar M, Alegretti M, Aleman A, Alemu Z, Alfonso-Cristancho R, Alhabib S, Ali R, Alla F, Allebeck P, Allen P, AlMazroa M, Alsharif U, Alvarez E, Alvis-Guzman N, Ameli O, Amini H, Ammar W, Anderson B, Anderson H, Antonio C, Anwari P, Apfel H, Arsenijevic V, Artaman A, Asghar R, Assadi R, Atkins L, Atkinson C, Badawi A, Bahit M, Bakfalouni T, Balakrishnan K, Balalla S, Banerjee A, Barker-Collo S, Barquera S, Barregard L, Barrero L, Basu S, Basu A, Baxter A, Beardsley J, Bedi N, Beghi E, Bekele T, Bell M, Benjet C, Bennett D, Bensenor I, Benzian H, Bernabe E, Beyene T, Bhala N, Bhalla A, Bhutta Z, Bienhoff K, Bikbov B, Bin Abdulhak A, Blore J, Blyth F, Bohensky M, Basara B, Borges G, Bornstein N, Bose D, Boufous S, Bourne R, Boyers L, Brainin M, Brauer M, Brayne C, Brazinova A, Breitborde N, Brenner H, Briggs A, Brooks P, Brown J, Brugha T, Buchbinder R, Buckle G, Bukhman G, Bulloch A, Burch M, Burnett R, Cardenas R, Cabral N, Nonato I, Campuzano J, Carapetis J, Carpenter D, Caso V, Castaneda-Orjuela C, Catala-Lopez F, Chadha V, Chang J, Chen H, Chen W, Chiang P, Chimed-Ochir O, Chowdhury R, Christensen H, Christophi C, Chugh S, Cirillo M, Coggeshall M, Cohen A, Colistro V, Colquhoun S, Contreras A, Cooper L, Cooper C, Cooperrider K, Coresh J, Cortinovis M, Criqui M, Crump J, Cuevas-Nasu L, Dandona R, Dandona L, Dansereau E, Dantes H, Dargan P, Davey G, Davitoiu D, Dayama A, De la Cruz-Gongora V, de la Vega S, De Leo D, del Pozo-Cruz B, Dellavalle R, Deribe K, Derrett S, Jarlais D, Dessalegn M, deVeber G, Dharmaratne S, Diaz-Torne C, Ding E, Dokova K, Dorsey E, Driscoll T, Duber H, Durrani A, Edmond K, Ellenbogen R, Endres M, Ermakov S, Eshrati B, Esteghamati A, Estep K, Fahimi S, Farzadfar F, Fay D, Felson D, Fereshtehnejad S, Fernandes J, Ferri C, Flaxman A, Foigt N, Foreman K, Fowkes F, Franklin R, Furst T, Futran N, Gabbe B, Gankpe F, Garcia-Guerra F, Geleijnse J, Gessner B, Gibney K, Gillum R, Ginawi I, Giroud M, Giussani G, Goenka S, Goginashvili K, Gona P, de Cosio T, Gosselin R, Gotay C, Goto A, Gouda H, Guerrant R, Gugnani H, Gunnell D, Gupta R, Gupta R, Gutierrez R, Hafezi-Nejad N, Hagan H, Halasa Y, Hamadeh R, Hamavid H, Hammami M, Hankey G, Hao Y, Harb H, Haro J, Havmoeller R, Hay R, Hay S, Hedayati M, Pi I, Heydarpour P, Hijar M, Hoek H, Hoffman H, Hornberger J, Hosgood H, Hossain M, Hotez P, Hoy D, Hsairi M, Hu H, Hu G, Huang J, Huang C, Huiart L, Husseini A, Iannarone M, Iburg K, Innos K, Inoue M, Jacobsen K, Jassal S, Jeemon P, Jensen P, Jha V, Jiang G, Jiang Y, Jonas J, Joseph J, Juel K, Kan H, Karch A, Karimkhani C, Karthikeyan G, Katz R, Kaul A, Kawakami N, Kazi D, Kemp A, Kengne A, Khader Y, Khalifa S, Khan E, Khan G, Khang Y, Khonelidze I, Kieling C, Kim D, Kim S, Kimokoti R, Kinfu Y, Kinge J, Kissela B, Kivipelto M, Knibbs L, Knudsen A, Kokubo Y, Kosen S, Kramer A, Kravchenko M, Krishnamurthi R, Krishnaswami S, Defo B, Bicer B, Kuipers E, Kulkarni V, Kumar K, Kumar G, Kwan G, Lai T, Lalloo R, Lam H, Lan Q, Lansingh V, Larson H, Larsson A, Lawrynowicz A, Leasher J, Lee J, Leigh J, Leung R, Levi M, Li B, Li Y, Li Y, liang J, Lim S, Lin H, Lind M, Lindsay M, Lipshultz S, Liu S, Lloyd B, Ohno S, Logroscino G, Looker K, Lopez A, Lopez-Olmedo N, Lortet-Tieulent J, Lotufo P, Low N, Lucas R, Lunevicius R, Lyons R, Ma J, Ma S, Mackay M, Majdan M, Malekzadeh R, Mapoma C, Marcenes W, March L, Margono C, Marks G, Marzan M, Masci J, Mason-Jones A, Matzopoulos R, Mayosi B, Mazorodze T, McGill N, McGrath J, McKee M, McLain A, McMahon B, Meaney P, Mehndiratta M, Mejia-Rodriguez F, Mekonnen W, Melaku Y, Meltzer M, Memish Z, Mensah G, Meretoja A, Mhimbira F, Micha R, Miller T, Mills E, Mitchell P, Mock C, Moffitt T, Ibrahim N, Mohammad K, Mokdad A, Mola G, Monasta L, Montico M, Montine T, Moore A, Moran A, Morawska L, Mori R, Moschandreas J, Moturi W, Moyer M, Mozaffarian D, Mueller U, Mukaigawara M, Murdoch M, Murray J, Murthy K, Naghavi P, Nahas Z, Naheed A, Naidoo K, Naldi L, Nand D, Nangia V, Narayan K, Nash D, Nejjari C, Neupane S, Newman L, Newton C, Ng M, Ngalesoni F, Nhung N, Nisar M, Nolte S, Norheim O, Norman R, Norrving B, Nyakarahuka L, Oh I, Ohkubo T, Omer S, Opio J, Ortiz A, Pandian J, Panelo C, Papachristou C, Park E, Parry C, Caicedo A, Patten S, Paul V, Pavlin B, Pearce N, Pedraza L, Pellegrini C, Pereira D, Perez-Ruiz F, Perico N, Pervaiz A, Pesudovs K, Peterson C, Petzold M, Phillips M, Phillips D, Phillips B, Piel F, Plass D, Poenaru D, Polanczyk G, Polinder S, Pope C, Popova S, Poulton R, Pourmalek F, Prabhakaran D, Prasad N, Qato D, Quistberg D, Rafay A, Rahimi K, Rahimi-Movaghar V, Rahman S, Raju M, Rakovac I, Rana S, Razavi H, Refaat A, Rehm J, Remuzzi G, Resnikoff S, Ribeiro A, Riccio P, Richardson L, Richardus J, Riederer A, Robinson M, Roca A, Rodriguez A, Rojas-Rueda D, Ronfani L, Rothenbacher D, Roy N, Ruhago G, Sabin N, Sacco R, Ksoreide K, Saha S, Sahathevan R, Sahraian M, Sampson U, Sanabria J, Sanchez-Riera L, Santos I, Satpathy M, Saunders J, Sawhney M, Saylan M, Scarborough P, Schoettker B, Schneider I, Schwebel D, Scott J, Seedat S, Sepanlou S, Serdar B, Servan-Mori E, Shackelford K, Shaheen A, Shahraz S, Levy T, Shangguan S, She J, Sheikhbahaei S, Shepard D, Shi P, Shibuya K, Shinohara Y, Shiri R, Shishani K, Shiue I, Shrime M, Sigfusdottir I, Silberberg D, Simard E, Sindi S, Singh J, Singh L, Skirbekk V, Sliwa K, Soljak M, Soneji S, Soshnikov S, Speyer P, Sposato L, Sreeramareddy C, Stoeckl H, Stathopoulou V, Steckling N, Stein M, Stein D, Steiner T, Stewart A, Stork E, Stovner L, Stroumpoulis K, Sturua L, Sunguya B, Swaroop M, Sykes B, Tabb K, Takahashi K, Tan F, Tandon N, Tanne D, Tanner M, Tavakkoli M, Taylor H, Ao B, Temesgen A, Have M, Tenkorang E, Terkawi A, Theadom A, Thomas E, Thorne-Lyman A, Thrift A, Tleyjeh I, Tonelli M, Topouzis F, Towbin J, Toyoshima H, Traebert J, Tran B, Trasande L, Trillini M, Truelsen T, Trujillo U, Tsilimbaris M, Tuzcu E, Ukwaja K, Undurraga E, Uzun S, van Brakel W, van de Vijver S, Van Dingenen R, van Gool C, Varakin Y, Vasankari T, Vavilala M, Veerman L, Velasquez-Melendez G, Venketasubramanian N, Vijayakumar L, Villalpando S, Violante F, Vlassov V, Waller S, Wallin M, Wan X, Wang L, Wang J, Wang Y, Warouw T, Weichenthal S, Weiderpass E, Weintraub R, Werdecker A, Wessells K, Westerman R, Wilkinson J, Williams H, Williams T, Woldeyohannes S, DA Wolfe C, Wong J, Wong H, Woolf A, Wright J, Wurtz B, Xu G, Yang G, Yano Y, Yenesew M, Yentur G, Yip P, Yonemoto N, Yoon S, Younis M, Yu C, Kim K, Zaki M, Zhang Y, Zhao Z, Zhao Y, Zhu J, Zonies D, Zunt J, Salomon J, Murray C. Global, regional, and national incidence, prevalence, and years lived with disability for 301 acute and chronic diseases and injuries in 188 countries, 1990–2013: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2013. The Lancet 2015, 386: 743-800. PMID: 26063472, PMCID: PMC4561509, DOI: 10.1016/s0140-6736(15)60692-4.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAcute DiseaseAdolescentAdultAge DistributionAgedAged, 80 and overChildChild, PreschoolChronic DiseaseCost of IllnessDeveloped CountriesDeveloping CountriesDisabled PersonsFemaleGlobal HealthHumansIncidenceInfantInfant, NewbornMaleMiddle AgedNeglected DiseasesPrevalenceResidence CharacteristicsSex DistributionWounds and InjuriesYoung AdultConceptsCauses of YLDsNumber of sequelaeDisease Study 2013Permanent cariesInjury incidenceChronic diseasesGlobal burdenBayesian meta-regression methodGBD 2010 methodsRate of YLDsDisability-adjusted life yearsUpper respiratory infectionPopulation-based survey dataLow back painChronic respiratory diseasesSequelae of diseaseAge-standardised ratesMajor depressive disorderTension-type headacheNon-communicable diseasesNon-fatal outcomesMajor cause groupsShort-term injurySubstance use disordersHIV/AIDS