The tumour microenvironment and immune milieu of cholangiocarcinoma
Fabris L, Perugorria M, Mertens J, Björkström NK, Cramer T, Lleo A, Solinas A, Sänger H, Lukacs‐Kornek V, Moncsek A, Siebenhüner A, Strazzabosco M. The tumour microenvironment and immune milieu of cholangiocarcinoma. Liver International 2019, 39: 63-78. PMID: 30907492, PMCID: PMC10878127, DOI: 10.1111/liv.14098.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsTumor microenvironmentAbundant desmoplastic reactionCancer-associated fibroblastsHigh mortality rateTumor-promoting functionsEpithelial cancer cellsImmune milieuImmune cellsPancreatic cancerEffective therapyDesmoplastic reactionMortality rateCholangiocarcinomaInvasive abilityTherapeutic gainStromal cellsTumor cellsEndothelial cellsEpithelial counterpartsCancer cellsIntrahepatic variantCellular populationsMicroenvironmentCellsRecent studiesCholangiocyte pathobiology
Banales JM, Huebert RC, Karlsen T, Strazzabosco M, LaRusso NF, Gores GJ. Cholangiocyte pathobiology. Nature Reviews Gastroenterology & Hepatology 2019, 16: 269-281. PMID: 30850822, PMCID: PMC6563606, DOI: 10.1038/s41575-019-0125-y.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAdaptive ImmunityBile Duct DiseasesBile DuctsEpithelial CellsFibrosisHumansImmunity, InnateInflammationLiver FailureLiver RegenerationConceptsCholangiocyte pathobiologyNew disease-modifying therapiesLiver regenerationRole of cholangiocytesAdvanced liver failureDisease-modifying therapiesExtrahepatic bile ductChronic disease statesAdaptive immune responsesReactive ductular cellsLiver failureBiliary tractLiver diseaseBile ductBile productionImmune responseHepatocyte regenerationImmune systemDuctular cellsCholangiopathyDisease statesCholangiocytesEpithelial cellsAnatomic nicheRepair response