2013
Glutamatergic targets for new alcohol medications
Holmes A, Spanagel R, Krystal JH. Glutamatergic targets for new alcohol medications. Psychopharmacology 2013, 229: 539-554. PMID: 23995381, PMCID: PMC3811052, DOI: 10.1007/s00213-013-3226-2.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsGlutamate systemGlycineB siteAlcohol-related behaviorsNMDA receptorsAlcohol abuseAlcohol consumptionN-methyl-D-aspartate receptorsChronic alcohol exposureElevated extracellular glutamatePathophysiology of alcoholismAMPA receptor subunitsAlcohol use disorderNovel pharmacotherapeutic approachesEffects of alcoholAlcohol medicationsBlocking NMDAHyperglutamatergic stateMetabotropic receptorsPharmacotherapeutic approachesAlcohol exposureExcess glutamateExtracellular glutamateGlutamate receptorsPreclinical studiesKainate receptors
1999
Therapeutic Implications of the Hyperglutamatergic Effects of NMDA Antagonists
Krystal J, Belger A, D'Souza D, Anand A, Charney D, Aghajanian G, Moghaddam B. Therapeutic Implications of the Hyperglutamatergic Effects of NMDA Antagonists. Neuropsychopharmacology 1999, 21: s143-s157. DOI: 10.1016/s0893-133x(99)00102-5.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchHealthy human subjectsNMDA antagonist effectsNMDA antagonistsClinical studiesMetabotropic glutamate receptor agonistN-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) subtypeD2 receptor blockadeGlutamate receptor agonistsD2 receptor stimulationDopamine 2 receptorNovel pharmacologic strategiesEffects of ketaminePathophysiology of schizophreniaCourse of schizophreniaNovel pharmacotherapeutic strategiesHuman subjectsHyperglutamatergic stateSerotonin 2AGlutamate neuronsGlutamate releaseCerebral cortexPharmacologic strategiesCurrent antipsychoticsPharmacotherapeutic strategiesSubanesthetic dosesGlutamate and post-traumatic stress disorder: toward a psychobiology of dissociation.
Chambers RA, Bremner JD, Moghaddam B, Southwick SM, Charney DS, Krystal JH. Glutamate and post-traumatic stress disorder: toward a psychobiology of dissociation. Seminars In Clinical Neuropsychiatry 1999, 4: 274-81. PMID: 10553033, DOI: 10.153/scnp00400274.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsPost-traumatic stress disorderGlutamate releaseNMDA antagonistsStress disorderN-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) subtypeDevelopment of PTSDDissociative symptomsStress exposureRecent preclinical dataTraumatic stress exposureHyperglutamatergic stateNeuroprotective potentialPreclinical dataNeural toxicityClinical studiesGlutamate receptorsTraumatized individualsPerceptual effectsPerceptual alterationsNeural plasticityAntagonistBrain functionSymptomsInfluence behaviorDrugs