Noradrenergic and adrenergic functioning in autism
Minderaa R, Anderson G, Volkmar F, Akkerhuis G, Cohen D. Noradrenergic and adrenergic functioning in autism. Biological Psychiatry 1994, 36: 237-241. PMID: 7986888, DOI: 10.1016/0006-3223(94)90605-x.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAdolescentAdultAnticonvulsantsAutistic DisorderBrainChildEpinephrineFemaleHaloperidolHumansMaleMethoxyhydroxyphenylglycolNorepinephrinePhenothiazinesVanilmandelic AcidConceptsUrinary excretion rateNeurochemical assessmentVanillylmandelic acidAdrenergic functioningExcretion rateNormal control individualsUrinary excretionPlasma levelsNoradrenergic functioningMarked abnormalitiesNormal controlsGroup mean differencesControl groupControl individualsNorepinephrineMean differenceAutistic patients