2023
Brazilian Research Consortium on Obsessive-Compulsive Spectrum Disorders guidelines for the treatment of adult obsessive-compulsive disorder. Part I: pharmacological treatment
de Oliveira M, de Barros P, de Mathis M, Boavista R, Chacon P, Echevarria M, Ferrão Y, de Queiroz Vattimo E, Lopes A, Torres A, Diniz J, Fontenelle L, do Rosário M, Shavitt R, Miguel E, da Silva R, da Conceição Costa D. Brazilian Research Consortium on Obsessive-Compulsive Spectrum Disorders guidelines for the treatment of adult obsessive-compulsive disorder. Part I: pharmacological treatment. Brazilian Journal Of Psychiatry 2023, 45: 146-161. PMID: 36749887, PMCID: PMC10154009, DOI: 10.47626/1516-4446-2022-2891.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsSelective serotonin reuptake inhibitorsAdult obsessive-compulsive disorderObsessive-compulsive disorderPharmacological treatmentReuptake inhibitorsEvidence-based pharmacological interventionsFirst-line pharmacological treatmentAmerican Psychiatric Association guidelinesEvidence-based pharmacological treatmentFirst-line treatmentNorepinephrine reuptake inhibitorsPrimary outcome measureSerotonin reuptake inhibitorsGlutamate-modulating agentsHigh-quality evidenceAmerican Heart AssociationLevel of evidenceTreatment of OCDBrazilian Research ConsortiumAdult patientsHeart AssociationTolerable dosesAssociation guidelinesTreatment recommendationsPharmacological interventions
2022
Associations of medication with subcortical morphology across the lifespan in OCD: Results from the international ENIGMA Consortium
Ivanov I, Boedhoe PSW, Abe Y, Alonso P, Ameis SH, Arnold PD, Balachander S, Baker JT, Banaj N, Bargalló N, Batistuzzo MC, Benedetti F, Beucke JC, Bollettini I, Brem S, Brennan BP, Buitelaar J, Calvo R, Cheng Y, Cho KIK, Dallaspezia S, Denys D, Diniz JB, Ely BA, Feusner JD, Ferreira S, Fitzgerald KD, Fontaine M, Gruner P, Hanna GL, Hirano Y, Hoexter MQ, Huyser C, Ikari K, James A, Jaspers-Fayer F, Jiang H, Kathmann N, Kaufmann C, Kim M, Koch K, Kwon JS, Lázaro L, Liu Y, Lochner C, Marsh R, Martínez-Zalacaín I, Mataix-Cols D, Menchón JM, Minuzzi L, Morer A, Morgado P, Nakagawa A, Nakamae T, Nakao T, Narayanaswamy JC, Nurmi EL, Oh S, Perriello C, Piacentini JC, Picó-Pérez M, Piras F, Piras F, Reddy YCJ, Manrique DR, Sakai Y, Shimizu E, Simpson HB, Soreni N, Soriano-Mas C, Spalletta G, Stern ER, Stevens MC, Stewart SE, Szeszko PR, Tolin DF, van Rooij D, Veltman DJ, van der Werf YD, van Wingen GA, Venkatasubramanian G, Walitza S, Wang Z, Watanabe A, Wolters LH, Xu X, Yun JY, Zarei M, Zhang F, Zhao Q, Jahanshad N, Thomopoulos SI, Thompson PM, Stein DJ, van den Heuvel OA, O'Neill J, Group T, Poletti S, Fridgeirsson E, Ikuta T, de Wit S, Vriend C, Kasprzak S, Kuno M, Takahashi J, Miguel E, Shavitt R, Hough M, Pariente J, Ortiz A, Bertolín S, Real E, Segalàs C, Moreira P, Sousa N, Narumoto J, Yamada K, Tang J, Fouche J, Kim T, Choi S, Ha M, Park S. Associations of medication with subcortical morphology across the lifespan in OCD: Results from the international ENIGMA Consortium. Journal Of Affective Disorders 2022, 318: 204-216. PMID: 36041582, DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2022.08.084.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsObsessive-compulsive disorderUnmedicated patientsOlder adultsAssociation of medicationVolumes of putamenSubcortical brain structuresReuptake inhibitorsVentricular hypertrophyHippocampal atrophyMedicated patientsPsychotropic medicationsTherapeutic responseHippocampal volumeStriatal volumeSubcortical nucleiPatientsPsychotic disordersAntipsychoticsSubcortical morphologyStructural MRINormal agingBrain structuresBenzodiazepinesOCD patientsENIGMA consortiumWorld Federation of Societies of Biological Psychiatry (WFSBP) guidelines for treatment of anxiety, obsessive-compulsive and posttraumatic stress disorders – Version 3. Part I: Anxiety disorders
Bandelow B, Allgulander C, Baldwin D, da Conceição Costa D, Denys D, Dilbaz N, Domschke K, Eriksson E, Fineberg N, Hättenschwiler J, Hollander E, Kaiya H, Karavaeva T, Kasper S, Katzman M, Kim Y, Inoue T, Lim L, Masdrakis V, Menchón J, Miguel E, Möller H, Nardi A, Pallanti S, Perna G, Rujescu D, Starcevic V, Stein D, Tsai S, Van Ameringen M, Vasileva A, Wang Z, Zohar J. World Federation of Societies of Biological Psychiatry (WFSBP) guidelines for treatment of anxiety, obsessive-compulsive and posttraumatic stress disorders – Version 3. Part I: Anxiety disorders. The World Journal Of Biological Psychiatry 2022, 24: 79-117. PMID: 35900161, DOI: 10.1080/15622975.2022.2086295.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsSocial anxiety disorderCognitive behavioral therapyAnxiety disordersPanic disorder/agoraphobiaMixed anxiety disordersPosttraumatic stress disorderSerotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitorsSelective serotonin reuptake inhibitorsTreatment of anxietyFirst-line psychotherapySelective mutismBehavioral therapySeparation anxietyStress disorderSpecific phobiaObsessive-CompulsiveReuptake inhibitorsAnxietyNon-pharmacological interventionsBiological Psychiatry (WFSBP) GuidelinesFirst-line medicationSerotonin reuptake inhibitorsAdolescentsAssessment of medicationsPsychotherapyWorld Federation of Societies of Biological Psychiatry (WFSBP) guidelines for treatment of anxiety, obsessive-compulsive and posttraumatic stress disorders – Version 3. Part II: OCD and PTSD
Bandelow B, Allgulander C, Baldwin D, da Conceição Costa D, Denys D, Dilbaz N, Domschke K, Hollander E, Kasper S, Möller H, Eriksson E, Fineberg N, Hättenschwiler J, Kaiya H, Karavaeva T, Katzman M, Kim Y, Inoue T, Lim L, Masdrakis V, Menchón J, Miguel E, Nardi A, Pallanti S, Perna G, Rujescu D, Starcevic V, Stein D, Tsai S, Van Ameringen M, Vasileva A, Wang Z, Zohar J. World Federation of Societies of Biological Psychiatry (WFSBP) guidelines for treatment of anxiety, obsessive-compulsive and posttraumatic stress disorders – Version 3. Part II: OCD and PTSD. The World Journal Of Biological Psychiatry 2022, 24: 118-134. PMID: 35900217, DOI: 10.1080/15622975.2022.2086296.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsSelective serotonin reuptake inhibitorsRepetitive transcranial magnetic stimulationCognitive behavioral therapyFirst-line treatmentDeep brain stimulationSSRI treatmentBiological Psychiatry (WFSBP) GuidelinesSecond-line medicationsNon-pharmacological treatmentSerotonin reuptake inhibitorsNon-pharmacological interventionsTreatment-resistant casesTranscranial magnetic stimulationWorld FederationTreatment of anxietyPosttraumatic stress disorderTreatment of OCDReuptake inhibitorsMedication treatmentPharmacological treatmentSNRI venlafaxineInternet-CBTConsensus panelMagnetic stimulationBrain stimulationManagement of Patients With Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder: Focus on Pharmacotherapy
Maziero M, Macaya D, Shavitt R, Diniz J, Miguel E, Silva R, Costa D. Management of Patients With Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder: Focus on Pharmacotherapy. Psychiatric Annals 2022, 52: 143-151. DOI: 10.3928/00485713-20220315-01.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchSelective serotonin reuptake inhibitorsObsessive-compulsive disorderPharmacological treatmentFirst-line pharmacological therapySecond-line pharmacological treatmentPotential clinical situationsHalf of patientsManagement of patientsSerotonin reuptake inhibitorsKnowledge of cliniciansCommon clinical issueTreatment of patientsReports of RCTsTreatment of OCDAdverse eventsSSRI treatmentPharmacological therapyReuptake inhibitorsSignificant morbidityPharmacological strategiesLimited efficacyClinical practiceClinical situationsClinical issuesSocial disabilityKetamine in the Treatment of Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder: A Systematic Review
Bandeira ID, Lins-Silva DH, Cavenaghi VB, Dorea-Bandeira I, Faria-Guimarães D, Barouh JL, Jesus-Nunes AP, Beanes G, Souza LS, Leal GC, Sanacora G, Miguel EC, Sampaio AS, Quarantini LC. Ketamine in the Treatment of Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder: A Systematic Review. Harvard Review Of Psychiatry 2022, 30: 135-145. PMID: 35267254, DOI: 10.1097/hrp.0000000000000330.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsObsessive-compulsive disorderSystematic reviewN-methyl-D-aspartate receptor antagonistAppropriate washout periodOpen-label trialPlacebo-controlled trialFirst-line treatmentRetrospective chart reviewUse of ketamineEffects of ketamineMeta-analysis protocolCombination of ketaminePubMed/MEDLINEPreferred Reporting ItemsMore effective treatmentsPotent N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor antagonistKetamine treatmentChart reviewGlutamate modulatorsGood tolerabilityReuptake inhibitorsWashout periodCase reportGlutamatergic neurotransmissionReceptor antagonist
2019
Kundalini Yoga Meditation Versus the Relaxation Response Meditation for Treating Adults With Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder: A Randomized Clinical Trial
Shannahoff-Khalsa D, Fernandes RY, de B. Pereira C, March JS, Leckman JF, Golshan S, Vieira MSR, Polanczyk GV, Miguel EC, Shavitt RG. Kundalini Yoga Meditation Versus the Relaxation Response Meditation for Treating Adults With Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder: A Randomized Clinical Trial. Frontiers In Psychiatry 2019, 10: 793. PMID: 31780963, PMCID: PMC6859828, DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2019.00793.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchY-BOCS scoresFirst-line therapyObsessive-compulsive disorderClinical trialsSecondary measuresY-BOCSShort Form-36 Health SurveyBaseline Y-BOCS scoresCompulsive ScaleGreater improvementRelative efficacyClinical Global ImpressionEffective treatment scheduleYale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive ScaleHigh psychosocial impairmentBeck Depression InventoryBeck Anxiety InventoryLife-long disorderObsessive Compulsive ScaleYale-Brown ObsessiveYoga meditationLine therapyPrimary outcomeTreat analysisReuptake inhibitorsObsessive–compulsive disorder
Stein D, Costa D, Lochner C, Miguel E, Reddy Y, Shavitt R, van den Heuvel O, Simpson H. Obsessive–compulsive disorder. Nature Reviews Disease Primers 2019, 5: 52. PMID: 31371720, PMCID: PMC7370844, DOI: 10.1038/s41572-019-0102-3.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsObsessive-compulsive disorderSimilar symptom dimensionsExtent of comorbiditySpecific brain circuitsGroup of conditionsTranslational Neuroscience ApproachCognitive behavioral therapyIntractable symptomsReuptake inhibitorsClinical outcomesChronic conditionsGlobal disabilityEffective treatmentInternational ClassificationGlobal mental healthRelated disordersMental disordersNeuropsychiatric disordersRepetitive stereotyped behaviorsBrain circuitsIndividualized assessmentMental healthNeurobiological mechanismsStatistical ManualHomogenous disorder
2016
Transcranial direct current stimulation for treatment-resistant obsessive-compulsive disorder: report on two cases and proposal for a randomized, sham-controlled trial
da Silva R, Brunoni A, Miguel E, Shavitt R. Transcranial direct current stimulation for treatment-resistant obsessive-compulsive disorder: report on two cases and proposal for a randomized, sham-controlled trial. Sao Paulo Medical Journal 2016, 134: 446-450. PMID: 27901245, PMCID: PMC10871858, DOI: 10.1590/1516-3180.2016.0155010716.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsTreatment-resistant obsessive-compulsive disorderTranscranial direct current stimulationObsessive-compulsive disorderDirect current stimulationClinical trialsCurrent stimulationSham-controlled trialSerotonin reuptake inhibitorsSupplementary motor cortexPrimary obsessive-compulsive disorderCognitive behavioral therapySecondary outcomesPrimary outcomeReuptake inhibitorsSham interventionFirst patientCortical excitabilityMotor cortexUniversity HospitalWeek 4YBOCS scoresNeuromodulation techniquesNon-invasive techniqueBrain circuitsPatientsPrevalence and correlates of electroconvulsive therapy delivery in 1001 obsessive-compulsive disorder outpatients
dos Santos-Ribeiro S, Lins-Martins N, Frydman I, do Rosário M, Ferrão Y, Shavitt R, Yücel M, Miguel E, Fontenelle L. Prevalence and correlates of electroconvulsive therapy delivery in 1001 obsessive-compulsive disorder outpatients. Psychiatry Research 2016, 239: 145-148. PMID: 27137976, DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2016.03.020.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsElectroconvulsive therapyObsessive-compulsive disorderOCD patientsHigher global severitySerotonin reuptake inhibitorsObsessive-compulsive disorder outpatientsContamination/washing symptomsRates of psychosisDifferent specialized centersAdequate trialReuptake inhibitorsSpecialized centersGlobal severityGreater suicidalityDisorder outpatientsTherapy deliveryTerms of responseAssessment BatteryPatientsOCD symptomsSymptomsWashing symptomsAntipsychoticsOutpatientsTherapyUse of benzodiazepines in obsessive–compulsive disorder
Starcevic V, Berle D, do Rosário M, Brakoulias V, Ferrão Y, Viswasam K, Shavitt R, Miguel E, Fontenelle L. Use of benzodiazepines in obsessive–compulsive disorder. International Clinical Psychopharmacology 2016, 31: 27-33. PMID: 26426443, DOI: 10.1097/yic.0000000000000100.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAdultAnti-Anxiety AgentsAnxietyBenzodiazepinesCross-Sectional StudiesDiagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental DisordersDrug Therapy, CombinationFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedObsessive-Compulsive DisorderPsychiatric Status Rating ScalesSelective Serotonin Reuptake InhibitorsSocioeconomic FactorsConceptsObsessive-compulsive disorderBDZ useOCD patientsUse of benzodiazepinesTreatment of OCDBrazilian Research ConsortiumAdditional medicationTreatment guidelinesMulticentre studyReuptake inhibitorsObsessive-compulsive spectrum disordersBenzodiazepine useMarked anxietyPatientsMedicationsBDZDisordersResearch ConsortiumCurrent age
2013
Can early improvement be an indicator of treatment response in obsessive-compulsive disorder? Implications for early-treatment decision-making
da Conceição Costa D, Shavitt R, Cesar R, Joaquim M, Borcato S, Valério C, Miguel E, Diniz J. Can early improvement be an indicator of treatment response in obsessive-compulsive disorder? Implications for early-treatment decision-making. Journal Of Psychiatric Research 2013, 47: 1700-1707. PMID: 23948637, DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2013.07.006.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsBaseline Y-BOCS scoresSerotonin reuptake inhibitorsEarly improvementTreatment responseY-BOCS scoresBaseline Yale-Brown ObsessiveLogistic regressionAdequate pharmacological treatmentPotential predictive factorsWeeks of treatmentGreater reductionObsessive-compulsive disorder patientsStepwise logistic regressionWarrants further investigationYale-Brown ObsessiveClinical featuresReuptake inhibitorsObsessive-compulsive disorderPharmacological treatmentPredictive factorsMajor depressionDisorder patientsOCD treatment responseCompulsive ScaleWeeks
2011
A Double-Blind, Randomized, Controlled Trial of Fluoxetine Plus Quetiapine or Clomipramine Versus Fluoxetine Plus Placebo for Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder
Diniz J, Shavitt R, Fossaluza V, Koran L, de Bragança Pereira C, Miguel E. A Double-Blind, Randomized, Controlled Trial of Fluoxetine Plus Quetiapine or Clomipramine Versus Fluoxetine Plus Placebo for Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder. Journal Of Clinical Psychopharmacology 2011, 31: 763-768. PMID: 22020357, DOI: 10.1097/jcp.0b013e3182367aee.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsY-BOCS scoresFluoxetine groupTreatment regimenSelective serotonin reuptake inhibitorsPlacebo-controlled trialSevere adverse eventsSerotonin reuptake inhibitorsMain outcome measuresObsessive-compulsive disorder patientsCompulsive Scale scoresYale-Brown ObsessiveFluoxetine monotherapyAdverse eventsReuptake inhibitorsObsessive-compulsive disorderPrimary diagnosisOutcome measuresDisorder patientsScale scoreFluoxetineMental disordersQuetiapinePatientsStatistical ManualClomipramineGroup cognitive-behavioral therapy versus selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors for obsessive-compulsive disorder: A practical clinical trial
Belotto-Silva C, Diniz J, Malavazzi D, Valério C, Fossaluza V, Borcato S, Seixas A, Morelli D, Miguel E, Shavitt R. Group cognitive-behavioral therapy versus selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors for obsessive-compulsive disorder: A practical clinical trial. Journal Of Anxiety Disorders 2011, 26: 25-31. PMID: 21907540, DOI: 10.1016/j.janxdis.2011.08.008.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsGroup cognitive behavioral therapyY-BOCS scoresPsychiatric comorbidityCognitive behavioral therapySSRI groupMean Y-BOCS scoreSelective serotonin reuptake inhibitorsBaseline Y-BOCS scoresY-BOCS reductionSerotonin reuptake inhibitorsMore psychiatric comorbiditiesPractical clinical trialsReal-world populationObsessive-compulsive disorder outpatientsBroad inclusion criteriaAdditional psychiatric comorbidityReuptake inhibitorsObsessive-compulsive disorderClinical effectivenessClinical trialsMajor depressionCGI ratingsInclusion criteriaComorbiditiesWorse responseRisk factors for early treatment discontinuation in patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder
Diniz J, Malavazzi D, Fossaluza V, Belotto-Silva C, Borcato S, Pimentel I, Miguel E, Shavitt R. Risk factors for early treatment discontinuation in patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder. Clinics 2011, 66: 387-393. PMID: 21552660, PMCID: PMC3071996, DOI: 10.1590/s1807-59322011000300004.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsEarly treatment discontinuationSelective serotonin reuptake inhibitorsTreatment discontinuationObsessive-compulsive disorder patientsObsessive-compulsive disorderDisorder patientsFirst-line treatmentGroup of patientsSerotonin reuptake inhibitorsStructured Clinical InterviewLogistic regression analysisLogistic regression modelsGeneralized anxiety disorderCognitive behavioral therapyMann-Whitney testClinical characteristicsCompliant patientsDiscontinuation ratesReuptake inhibitorsPsychiatric comorbidityClinical correlatesTreatment modalitiesRisk factorsSomatization disorderDiscontinuation
2009
The drug-naïve OCD patients imaging genetics, cognitive and treatment response study: methods and sample description
Hoexter M, Shavitt R, D'Alcante C, Cecconi J, Diniz J, Belotto-Silva C, Hounie A, Borcato S, Moraes I, Joaquim M, Cappi C, Sampaio A, de Mathis M, Batistuzzo M, Lopes A, Rosa A, Muniz R, Marques A, Santos L, Taub A, de Souza Duran F, Dougherty D, Busatto G, Bressan R, Miguel E. The drug-naïve OCD patients imaging genetics, cognitive and treatment response study: methods and sample description. Brazilian Journal Of Psychiatry 2009, 31: 349-353. PMID: 20098825, DOI: 10.1590/s1516-44462009000400011.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsObsessive-compulsive disorder patientsObsessive-compulsive disorderNeuropsychological evaluationClinical trialsGroup cognitive behavioral therapyDisorder patientsTRODAT-1 single photon emissionIntegrative neurobiological modelCognitive behavioral therapySelective serotonin reuptake inhibitorsAdult obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) patientsMagnetic resonance imagesDrug-naïve OCD patientsDrug-naïve patientsSerotonin reuptake inhibitorsSame research procedureNeurobiological modelsSingle photon emissionResonance imagesTreatment response studiesOCD patientsReuptake inhibitorsHealthy controlsBlood samplesPatients
2008
World Federation of Societies of Biological Psychiatry (WFSBP) Guidelines for the Pharmacological Treatment of Anxiety, Obsessive-Compulsive and Post-Traumatic Stress Disorders – First Revision
Bandelow B, Zohar J, Hollander E, Kasper S, Möller H, Zohar J, Hollander E, Kasper S, Möller H, Bandelow B, Allgulander C, Ayuso-Gutierrez J, Baldwin D, Buenvicius R, Cassano G, Fineberg N, Gabriels L, Hindmarch I, Kaiya H, Klein D, Lader M, Lecrubier Y, Lépine J, Liebowitz M, Lopez-Ibor J, Marazziti D, Miguel E, Oh K, Preter M, Rupprecht R, Sato M, Starcevic V, Stein D, van Ameringen M, Vega J. World Federation of Societies of Biological Psychiatry (WFSBP) Guidelines for the Pharmacological Treatment of Anxiety, Obsessive-Compulsive and Post-Traumatic Stress Disorders – First Revision. The World Journal Of Biological Psychiatry 2008, 9: 248-312. PMID: 18949648, DOI: 10.1080/15622970802465807.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsSerotonin-noradrenaline reuptake inhibitorsPost-traumatic stress disorderSelective serotonin reuptake inhibitorsObsessive-compulsive disorderPharmacological treatmentCognitive behavioral therapyReuptake inhibitorsStress disorderTricyclic antidepressantsSSRI/SNRIAnxiety disordersBiological Psychiatry (WFSBP) GuidelinesFirst-line treatmentRelapse prevention studySerotonin reuptake inhibitorsTreatment-resistant casesPotential treatment optionSubstance abuse disordersWorld FederationObsessive-CompulsiveStudy of anxiolyticsOpen studySustained efficacyStandard treatmentTreatment options
2006
Tourette's Syndrome
Shavitt R, Hounie A, Campos M, Miguel E. Tourette's Syndrome. Psychiatric Clinics Of North America 2006, 29: 471-486. PMID: 16650718, DOI: 10.1016/j.psc.2006.02.005.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsSerotonin reuptake inhibitorsReuptake inhibitorsLong-term side effect profileFirst-choice treatmentFirst-line optionSide effect profileCurrent treatment strategiesDorsolateral caudate nucleusPathophysiology of OCDExpression of TSTypical antipsychoticsAtypical antipsychoticsClinical manifestationsSomato-sensoryGenetic epidemiologic studiesGlobus pallidusTreatment strategiesEpidemiologic studiesCaudate nucleusTourette syndromePatient associationsRelated disordersBehavioral therapyPresence of TsSegregation analysis studies
2005
Citalopram plus reboxetine in treatment-resistant obsessive-compulsive disorder
Fontenelle L, Mendlowicz M, Miguel E, Versiani M. Citalopram plus reboxetine in treatment-resistant obsessive-compulsive disorder. The World Journal Of Biological Psychiatry 2005, 6: 57-59. PMID: 16097406, DOI: 10.1080/15622970510029740.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsTreatment-resistant obsessive-compulsive disorderObsessive-compulsive disorderSRI-resistant obsessive compulsive disorderResistant obsessive-compulsive disorderCombination of citalopramFirst-line treatmentAdequate trialReuptake inhibitorsCompulsive disorderPatientsCitalopramDisordersFuture studiesTrials
2003
How to treat OCD in patients with Tourette syndrome
Miguel E, Shavitt RG, Ferrão YA, Brotto SA, Diniz JB. How to treat OCD in patients with Tourette syndrome. Journal Of Psychosomatic Research 2003, 55: 49-57. PMID: 12842231, DOI: 10.1016/s0022-3999(02)00583-4.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsSelective serotonin reuptake inhibitorsSerotonin reuptake inhibitorsObsessive-compulsive disorderTourette syndromeCognitive behavior therapyOCD patientsCircuit-based therapiesGonadal hormone systemsWorse treatment responsePresence of ticsRefractory patientsAutoimmune processReuptake inhibitorsSuch patientsCombined therapyResistant casesTreatment responseDrug treatmentPharmacological approachesNew therapiesPatientsEffective psychological interventionsTherapyHormone systemPsychological interventions