2003
Adaptation of Borrelia burgdorferi in the tick and the mammalian host
Anguita J, Hedrick MN, Fikrig E. Adaptation of Borrelia burgdorferi in the tick and the mammalian host. FEMS Microbiology Reviews 2003, 27: 493-504. PMID: 14550942, DOI: 10.1016/s0168-6445(03)00036-6.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAdaptation, PhysiologicalAnimalsBorrelia burgdorferiGene Expression Regulation, BacterialHumansLyme DiseaseMammalsTicksConceptsMammalian hostsGene expressionRegulation of genesAdaptation of BorreliaGene productsDifferent environmentsArthropod vectorsEnzootic cycleCurrent knowledgeLife cycleHostExpressionCausative agentB. burgdorferiBorrelia burgdorferiGenesSpirochetesTicksBurgdorferiMicroorganismsGreater abilityRegulationLyme diseaseThorough understandingFunctionAdaptation of Borrelia burgdorferi in the vector and vertebrate host
Pal U, Fikrig E. Adaptation of Borrelia burgdorferi in the vector and vertebrate host. Microbes And Infection 2003, 5: 659-666. PMID: 12787742, DOI: 10.1016/s1286-4579(03)00097-2.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAdaptation, PhysiologicalAnimalsArachnid VectorsBorrelia burgdorferiDisease VectorsGene Expression Regulation, BacterialHost-Parasite InteractionsLyme DiseaseTicksVertebratesConceptsComplex enzootic cycleUnique adaptive featuresDifferent host environmentsAdaptation of BorreliaMolecular adaptationsRegulatory mechanismsB. burgdorferiHost environmentSensu latoEnzootic cycleExtracellular pathogensDomestic animalsAdaptive featuresBorrelia burgdorferi sensu latoHostBurgdorferi sensu latoCausative agentDiverse rangeArthropodsAdaptationLatoBurgdorferiPathogensLyme diseaseBorrelia
2002
Molecular Adaptation of Borrelia burgdorferi in the Murine Host
Liang FT, Nelson FK, Fikrig E. Molecular Adaptation of Borrelia burgdorferi in the Murine Host. Journal Of Experimental Medicine 2002, 196: 275-280. PMID: 12119353, PMCID: PMC2193918, DOI: 10.1084/jem.20020770.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsLipoprotein geneMolecular adaptationsHost immune selection pressureAnalysis of expressionNovel adaptation mechanismSteps of adaptationSelection pressureLyme disease spirocheteB. burgdorferiMurine hostGenesHost tissuesImmune selection pressureAdaptation mechanismsChronic infectionMurine infectionCritical stepHostBorrelia burgdorferiInfectionAdaptationSpirochetesBurgdorferiInitial inoculumPathogens
2001
Borrelia burgdorferi-Induced Inflammation Facilitates Spirochete Adaptation and Variable Major Protein-Like Sequence Locus Recombination
Anguita J, Thomas V, Samanta S, Persinski R, Hernanz C, Barthold S, Fikrig E. Borrelia burgdorferi-Induced Inflammation Facilitates Spirochete Adaptation and Variable Major Protein-Like Sequence Locus Recombination. The Journal Of Immunology 2001, 167: 3383-3390. PMID: 11544329, PMCID: PMC4309988, DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.167.6.3383.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAdaptation, PhysiologicalAnimalsAntibodies, BacterialAntigens, BacterialAntigens, SurfaceBacterial ProteinsBase SequenceBorrelia burgdorferiCD4-Positive T-LymphocytesDNA, BacterialGene Expression RegulationImmune SeraImmunocompetenceInflammationInterferon-gammaInterleukin-12LipoproteinsLyme DiseaseMiceMice, Inbred C3HMice, KnockoutMolecular Sequence DataReceptors, InterferonRecombination, GeneticSequence AlignmentSequence Homology, Nucleic AcidConceptsImmunocompetent miceDeficient miceB. burgdorferi N40IFN-gammaRMurine immune responseIFN-gamma-mediated responsesIFN-gamma-mediated signalsSpirochetal burdensSpirochete clearanceIL-12Immune responseIFN-gammaControl animalsDifferential immunoscreeningMice resultsMiceVariable major proteinsRT-PCRVivo adaptationB. burgdorferiClearanceBorrelia burgdorferi gene expressionB. burgdorferi survivalAdministrationVivo
1995
Circumvention of outer surface protein A immunity by host-adapted Borrelia burgdorferi
Barthold SW, Fikrig E, Bockenstedt LK, Persing DH. Circumvention of outer surface protein A immunity by host-adapted Borrelia burgdorferi. Infection And Immunity 1995, 63: 2255-2261. PMID: 7768606, PMCID: PMC173294, DOI: 10.1128/iai.63.6.2255-2261.1995.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsInfectious doseInfected skinCultured Borrelia burgdorferiBorrelia burgdorferiLow-dose infectionMedian infectious doseNumber of spirochetesSurface protein ASyringe challengeB. burgdorferi OspAOuter surface protein AChallenge doseDisseminated infectionHost-adapted spirochetesSkin transplantsSyngenic miceOuter surface proteinsMiceHyperimmune serumDoseImmunologic recognitionInfectionSeroconversionTransplantationDisease development