2018
A meta‐analysis of MitraClip combined with medical therapy vs. medical therapy alone for treatment of mitral regurgitation in heart failure patients
Giannini C, D'ascenzo F, Fiorelli F, Spontoni P, Swaans MJ, Velazquez EJ, Armeni P, Adamo M, De Carlo M, Petronio AS. A meta‐analysis of MitraClip combined with medical therapy vs. medical therapy alone for treatment of mitral regurgitation in heart failure patients. ESC Heart Failure 2018, 5: 1150-1158. PMID: 30191666, PMCID: PMC6300824, DOI: 10.1002/ehf2.12339.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsConservative TreatmentHeart FailureHeart Valve Prosthesis ImplantationHumansMitral Valve InsufficiencyProsthesis DesignTreatment OutcomeConceptsFunctional mitral regurgitationMedical therapyMitral regurgitationSurvival benefitConservative treatmentPercutaneous mitral valve repairEffect of MitraClipRobust survival benefitSignificant survival benefitCardiac resynchronization therapyEligible observational studiesHeart failure patientsVentricular ejection fractionMitral valve repairPatient-level analysisComprehensive literature searchStudy-level analysisConservative therapyIschemic etiologyPrimary endpointFailure patientsMultivariate adjustmentEjection fractionResynchronization therapySurvival outcomesLong-term outcomes of mitral regurgitation by type and severity
Samad Z, Shaw LK, Phelan M, Glower DD, Ersboll M, Toptine JH, Alexander JH, Kisslo JA, Wang A, Mark DB, Velazquez EJ. Long-term outcomes of mitral regurgitation by type and severity. American Heart Journal 2018, 203: 39-48. PMID: 30015067, DOI: 10.1016/j.ahj.2018.05.001.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsMR severityCause deathIschemic MRSurvival rateCause death riskCoronary artery diseaseLong-term outcomesAbsolute mortality ratesQualifying patientsArtery diseaseEchocardiography studyMitral regurgitationVentricular sizeIndeterminate causeBaseline severityDeath riskSevere MREchocardiography laboratoryHigh riskMortality rateClinical settingPatientsValve morphologySeverityMyxomatous
2017
Prevalence and Outcomes of Left‐Sided Valvular Heart Disease Associated With Chronic Kidney Disease
Samad Z, Sivak JA, Phelan M, Schulte PJ, Patel U, Velazquez EJ. Prevalence and Outcomes of Left‐Sided Valvular Heart Disease Associated With Chronic Kidney Disease. Journal Of The American Heart Association 2017, 6: e006044. PMID: 29021274, PMCID: PMC5721834, DOI: 10.1161/jaha.117.006044.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAdultAge FactorsAgedAged, 80 and overAortic ValveAortic Valve StenosisComorbidityDatabases, FactualEchocardiographyFemaleGlomerular Filtration RateHumansKaplan-Meier EstimateKidneyMaleMiddle AgedMitral ValveMitral Valve InsufficiencyNorth CarolinaPrevalencePrognosisProportional Hazards ModelsRenal Insufficiency, ChronicRetrospective StudiesRisk FactorsSeverity of Illness IndexSex FactorsTime FactorsConceptsChronic kidney diseaseFive-year survival estimatesNon-CKD patientsCKD patientsMitral regurgitationMR severityKidney diseaseSurvival estimatesCoronary artery bypassGlomerular filtration ratePercutaneous coronary interventionSevere mitral regurgitationValvular heart diseaseSerum creatinine valuesAdverse prognostic markerRegurgitant valve lesionsIndex echocardiogramSevere ASArtery bypassIntervention patientsValve lesionsValve surgeryCoronary interventionHazard ratioHeart failure
2016
Functional Mitral Regurgitation: Appraising the Evidence Behind Recommended Treatment Strategies
Samad Z, Velazquez EJ. Functional Mitral Regurgitation: Appraising the Evidence Behind Recommended Treatment Strategies. Current Cardiology Reports 2016, 18: 128. PMID: 27796864, DOI: 10.1007/s11886-016-0808-8.Peer-Reviewed Original Research
2015
The MitraClip and survival in patients with mitral regurgitation at high risk for surgery: A propensity-matched comparison
Velazquez EJ, Samad Z, Al-Khalidi HR, Sangli C, Grayburn PA, Massaro JM, Stevens SR, Feldman TE, Krucoff MW. The MitraClip and survival in patients with mitral regurgitation at high risk for surgery: A propensity-matched comparison. American Heart Journal 2015, 170: 1050-1059.e3. PMID: 26542516, DOI: 10.1016/j.ahj.2015.08.004.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsMitraClip patientsCox proportional hazards modelPropensity-matched comparisonSevere MR patientsHigh surgical riskHigh-risk patientsNon-surgical treatmentKaplan-Meier estimatesMitral regurgitation patientsProportional hazards modelSurvival benefitMedical therapySurgical riskMitral regurgitationRelative riskBaseline differencesHigh riskMR patientsHazards modelMitraClipPatientsFurther adjustmentLaboratory databasePropensity scorePatient matchingManagement and outcomes in patients with moderate or severe functional mitral regurgitation and severe left ventricular dysfunction
Samad Z, Shaw LK, Phelan M, Ersboll M, Risum N, Al-Khalidi HR, Glower DD, Milano CA, Alexander JH, O'Connor CM, Wang A, Velazquez EJ. Management and outcomes in patients with moderate or severe functional mitral regurgitation and severe left ventricular dysfunction. European Heart Journal 2015, 36: 2733-2741. PMID: 26233850, DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehv343.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsCoronary artery diseaseSevere mitral regurgitationEvent-free survival benefitHigher event-free survivalSevere functional mitral regurgitationMV surgerySevere LV dysfunctionEvent-free survivalOutcomes of patientsMitral regurgitationFunctional mitral regurgitationIPW adjustmentSystolic dysfunctionLV dysfunctionSurvival benefitEntire cohortTreatment strategiesSevere left ventricular systolic dysfunctionCoronary artery bypass graft surgeryMultivariable Cox proportional hazards modelsSevere left ventricular dysfunctionArtery bypass graft surgeryLeft ventricular systolic dysfunctionCox proportional hazards modelIsolated MV surgeryComparison of Transesophageal and Transthoracic Echocardiographic Measurements of Mechanism and Severity of Mitral Regurgitation in Ischemic Cardiomyopathy (from the Surgical Treatment of Ischemic Heart Failure Trial)
Grayburn PA, She L, Roberts BJ, Golba KS, Mokrzycki K, Drozdz J, Cherniavsky A, Przybylski R, Wrobel K, Asch FM, Holly TA, Haddad H, Yii M, Maurer G, Kron I, Schaff H, Velazquez EJ, Oh JK. Comparison of Transesophageal and Transthoracic Echocardiographic Measurements of Mechanism and Severity of Mitral Regurgitation in Ischemic Cardiomyopathy (from the Surgical Treatment of Ischemic Heart Failure Trial). The American Journal Of Cardiology 2015, 116: 913-918. PMID: 26170249, PMCID: PMC4554976, DOI: 10.1016/j.amjcard.2015.06.015.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsTransesophageal echocardiographyMitral regurgitationIschemic cardiomyopathyMR gradeIschemic Heart Failure (STICH) trialMechanism of MRBaseline transesophageal echocardiographyHeart Failure TrialIndependent core laboratoryIschemic heart diseaseFunctional mitral regurgitationComparison of TransesophagealMitral annular diameterModest correlationMitral annulus diameterTransthoracic echocardiographic measurementsTransthoracic echocardiography imagingTenting areaBlood pressureSurgical treatmentFailure TrialEchocardiographic measurementsHeart diseaseTTE measurementsAnnulus diameterResponse to Letter Regarding Article, “Surgical Revascularization Is Associated With Maximal Survival in Patients With Ischemic Mitral Regurgitation
Castleberry AW, Williams JB, Daneshmand MA, Honeycutt E, Shaw LK, Samad Z, Lopes RD, Alexander JH, Mathew JP, Velazquez EJ, Milano CA, Smith PK. Response to Letter Regarding Article, “Surgical Revascularization Is Associated With Maximal Survival in Patients With Ischemic Mitral Regurgitation. Circulation 2015, 131: e378-e379. PMID: 25779550, PMCID: PMC5126645, DOI: 10.1161/circulationaha.114.013125.Peer-Reviewed Original Research
2014
Surgical Revascularization Is Associated With Maximal Survival in Patients With Ischemic Mitral Regurgitation
Castleberry AW, Williams JB, Daneshmand MA, Honeycutt E, Shaw LK, Samad Z, Lopes RD, Alexander JH, Mathew JP, Velazquez EJ, Milano CA, Smith PK. Surgical Revascularization Is Associated With Maximal Survival in Patients With Ischemic Mitral Regurgitation. Circulation 2014, 129: 2547-2556. PMID: 24744275, PMCID: PMC4142433, DOI: 10.1161/circulationaha.113.005223.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAgedCoronary Artery BypassDatabases, BibliographicFemaleFollow-Up StudiesHeart Valve Prosthesis ImplantationHumansKaplan-Meier EstimateMaleMiddle AgedMitral ValveMitral Valve InsufficiencyMyocardial IschemiaMyocardial RevascularizationPercutaneous Coronary InterventionProportional Hazards ModelsRetrospective StudiesRisk FactorsSeverity of Illness IndexStentsConceptsIschemic mitral regurgitationPercutaneous coronary interventionMitral valve repairSignificant coronary artery diseaseSevere ischemic mitral regurgitationCoronary artery diseaseMitral regurgitationCoronary interventionValve repairMedical treatmentArtery diseaseTreatment strategiesLower mortalityMultivariable Cox proportional hazards analysisCox proportional hazards analysisCoronary artery bypassMitral valve surgeryKaplan-Meier methodProportional hazards analysisMitral regurgitation severitySurgical revascularizationArtery bypassValve surgeryOptimal treatmentCABG
2013
Mechanisms of Functional Mitral Regurgitation in Ischemic Cardiomyopathy Determined by Transesophageal Echocardiography (from the Surgical Treatment for Ischemic Heart Failure Trial)
Golba K, Mokrzycki K, Drozdz J, Cherniavsky A, Wrobel K, Roberts BJ, Haddad H, Maurer G, Yii M, Asch FM, Handschumacher MD, Holly TA, Przybylski R, Kron I, Schaff H, Aston S, Horton J, Lee KL, Velazquez EJ, Grayburn PA, Investigators S. Mechanisms of Functional Mitral Regurgitation in Ischemic Cardiomyopathy Determined by Transesophageal Echocardiography (from the Surgical Treatment for Ischemic Heart Failure Trial). The American Journal Of Cardiology 2013, 112: 1812-1818. PMID: 24035166, PMCID: PMC3830629, DOI: 10.1016/j.amjcard.2013.07.047.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsEnd-systolic volume indexLV end-systolic volume indexFunctional mitral regurgitationLV ejection fractionSeverity of MRMitral regurgitationVolume indexTenting areaIschemic cardiomyopathyMR gradeAnnulus areaVentricular end-systolic volume indexIschemic Heart Failure (STICH) trialSphericity indexHeart Failure TrialEffective regurgitant orifice areaPosterior leaflet angleMitral annulus areaMitral annulus diameterRegurgitant orifice areaSTICH trialSurgical treatmentEjection fractionFailure TrialTransesophageal echocardiography
2012
Influence of Mitral Regurgitation Repair on Survival in the Surgical Treatment for Ischemic Heart Failure Trial
Deja MA, Grayburn PA, Sun B, Rao V, She L, Krejca M, Jain AR, Chua Y, Daly R, Senni M, Mokrzycki K, Menicanti L, Oh JK, Michler R, Wróbel K, Lamy A, Velazquez EJ, Lee KL, Jones RH. Influence of Mitral Regurgitation Repair on Survival in the Surgical Treatment for Ischemic Heart Failure Trial. Circulation 2012, 125: 2639-2648. PMID: 22553307, PMCID: PMC3776601, DOI: 10.1161/circulationaha.111.072256.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsSevere mitral regurgitationMild mitral regurgitationMitral regurgitationMitral valve repairTrace mitral regurgitationMitral surgeryMedical therapyValve repairIschemic Heart Failure (STICH) trialCoronary artery bypassHeart Failure TrialPrimary end pointLeft ventricular dysfunctionCoronary artery diseaseModerate mitral regurgitationBaseline prognostic variablesIschemic mitral regurgitationArtery bypassRandomized patientsVentricular dysfunctionHazard ratioArtery diseaseEjection fractionMedical armSurgical treatmentMechanisms and Predictors of Mitral Regurgitation after High-Risk Myocardial Infarction
Meris A, Amigoni M, Verma A, Thune JJ, Køber L, Velazquez E, McMurray JJ, Pfeffer MA, Califf R, Levine RA, Solomon SD, Investigators V. Mechanisms and Predictors of Mitral Regurgitation after High-Risk Myocardial Infarction. Journal Of The American Society Of Echocardiography 2012, 25: 535-542. PMID: 22305962, PMCID: PMC3501447, DOI: 10.1016/j.echo.2012.01.006.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAdultAge FactorsAgedAngiotensin-Converting Enzyme InhibitorsCaptoprilDisease ProgressionEchocardiography, Doppler, ColorElectrocardiographyFemaleFollow-Up StudiesHumansMaleMiddle AgedMitral Valve InsufficiencyMonitoring, PhysiologicMultivariate AnalysisMyocardial InfarctionPredictive Value of TestsProspective StudiesReference ValuesReproducibility of ResultsRisk AssessmentROC CurveSeverity of Illness IndexSex FactorsStatistics, NonparametricStroke VolumeTetrazolesTime FactorsValineValsartanVentricular Dysfunction, LeftVentricular RemodelingConceptsHigh-risk myocardial infarctionBaseline mitral regurgitationMitral regurgitationMyocardial infarctionAtrial sizeIndependent predictorsCoaptation depthProgression of MRMitral valve deformationStructural valve diseaseSevere mitral regurgitationFunctional mitral regurgitationIschemic mitral regurgitationGood-quality echocardiogramsMitral annular areaMitral tentingMR degreeLV dysfunctionTenting areaBaseline characteristicsDiastolic functionHeart failureValve diseaseLV remodelingVentricular remodelingLong-Term Survival of Patients With Ischemic Cardiomyopathy Treated by Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting Versus Medical Therapy
Velazquez EJ, Williams JB, Yow E, Shaw LK, Lee KL, Phillips HR, O'Connor CM, Smith PK, Jones RH. Long-Term Survival of Patients With Ischemic Cardiomyopathy Treated by Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting Versus Medical Therapy. The Annals Of Thoracic Surgery 2012, 93: 523-530. PMID: 22269720, PMCID: PMC3638256, DOI: 10.1016/j.athoracsur.2011.10.064.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAgedAngioplasty, Balloon, CoronaryCardiac CatheterizationCardiovascular AgentsComorbidityCoronary Artery BypassDatabases, FactualFemaleFollow-Up StudiesHeart FailureHumansKaplan-Meier EstimateMaleMiddle AgedMitral Valve InsufficiencyModels, CardiovascularMyocardial IschemiaNorth CarolinaRetrospective StudiesRisk FactorsStroke VolumeTreatment OutcomeConceptsVentricular ejection fractionCoronary artery diseaseMedical therapyArtery diseaseEjection fractionCanadian Cardiovascular Society class III anginaLeft ventricular ejection fractionRisk-adjusted mortality ratesClass III anginaLeft main diseaseCoronary artery bypassLeft main stenosisLong-term mortalityIschemic heart diseaseTrial entry criteriaAcute myocardial infarctionMain outcome measuresPropensity score analysisArtery bypassCohort studyMain stenosisObservational cohortSurvival benefitCardiac catheterizationDuke DatabankCore Lab Analysis of Baseline Echocardiographic Studies in the STICH Trial and Recommendation for Use of Echocardiography in Future Clinical Trials
Oh JK, Pellikka PA, Panza JA, Biernat J, Attisano T, Manahan BG, Wiste HJ, Lin G, Lee K, Miller FA, Stevens S, Sopko G, She L, Velazquez EJ, Investigators S. Core Lab Analysis of Baseline Echocardiographic Studies in the STICH Trial and Recommendation for Use of Echocardiography in Future Clinical Trials. Journal Of The American Society Of Echocardiography 2012, 25: 327-336. PMID: 22227341, PMCID: PMC3310914, DOI: 10.1016/j.echo.2011.12.002.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsEjection fractionEffective regurgitant orifice areaRegurgitant orifice areaIschemic cardiomyopathyClinical practiceVentricular end-systolic volume indexPulmonary artery systolic pressureEnd-systolic volume indexLeast moderate mitral regurgitationOrifice areaBaseline echocardiographic examinationBaseline echocardiographic findingsBaseline echocardiographic studyCore lab analysisCoronary artery bypassIschemic heart failureMean ejection fractionCoronary artery diseaseModerate mitral regurgitationUse of echocardiographyMitral inflow velocityEchocardiography core laboratoryFuture clinical trialsCore laboratory analysisMitral regurgitation severity
2010
Impact of early surgery on survival of patients with severe mitral regurgitation
Samad Z, Kaul P, Shaw LK, Glower DD, Velazquez EJ, Douglas PS, Jollis JG. Impact of early surgery on survival of patients with severe mitral regurgitation. Heart 2010, 97: 221. PMID: 21071750, DOI: 10.1136/hrt.2010.202432.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAge FactorsAgedEpidemiologic MethodsFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedMitral Valve InsufficiencyNorth CarolinaPrognosisTime FactorsTreatment OutcomeConceptsSevere mitral regurgitationDegenerative mitral regurgitationEarly surgery groupLate surgery groupEarly surgeryMitral regurgitationSurgery groupLate surgeryGuideline indicationsOptimal timingValve diseaseMV repairAdjusted Cox regression modelCongenital mitral valve diseaseValve repair/replacementSevere degenerative mitral regurgitationACC/AHA guideline recommendationsSevere valve diseaseSurvival of patientsTiming of surgeryMitral valve diseaseCox regression modelLong-term survivalEarly referralCoronary disease
2007
Mitral regurgitation in myocardial infarction complicated by heart failure, left ventricular dysfunction, or both: prognostic significance and relation to ventricular size and function
Amigoni M, Meris A, Thune JJ, Mangalat D, Skali H, Bourgoun M, Warnica JW, Barvik S, Arnold JM, Velazquez EJ, Van de Werf F, Ghali J, McMurray JJ, Køber L, Pfeffer MA, Solomon SD. Mitral regurgitation in myocardial infarction complicated by heart failure, left ventricular dysfunction, or both: prognostic significance and relation to ventricular size and function. European Heart Journal 2007, 28: 326-333. PMID: 17251259, DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehl464.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAgedCardiac VolumeDisease ProgressionEchocardiography, Doppler, ColorElectrocardiographyFemaleHeart FailureHumansMaleMiddle AgedMitral Valve InsufficiencyMyocardial InfarctionObserver VariationPrognosisProspective StudiesRandomized Controlled Trials as TopicRisk FactorsVentricular Dysfunction, LeftVentricular RemodelingConceptsProgression of MRBaseline mitral regurgitationHeart failureMitral regurgitationAcute myocardial infarctionMyocardial infarctionVentricular sizeMR severityHigh-risk myocardial infarctionModerate-severe mitral regurgitationBaseline MR severityWorse LV functionEnd-systolic volumeLarger LV volumesRegurgitant jet areaAtrial area ratioCV mortalityHF hospitalizationCardiovascular outcomesSystolic dysfunctionVentricular dysfunctionEjection fractionIndependent predictorsClinical outcomesLV function
2004
Importance of echocardiography in patients with severe nonischemic heart failure: the second prospective randomized amlodipine survival evaluation (PRAISE-2) echocardiographic study
Cabell CH, Trichon BH, Velazquez EJ, Dumesnil JG, Anstrom KJ, Ryan T, Miller AB, Belkin RN, Cropp AB, O'Connor CM, Jollis JG. Importance of echocardiography in patients with severe nonischemic heart failure: the second prospective randomized amlodipine survival evaluation (PRAISE-2) echocardiographic study. American Heart Journal 2004, 147: 151-157. PMID: 14691434, DOI: 10.1016/j.ahj.2003.07.010.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsHeart failureEchocardiographic studyEchocardiographic parametersNonischemic cardiomyopathyEchocardiographic examinationPrognostic informationClinical informationRestrictive left ventricular filling patternLeft ventricular filling patternSevere nonischemic heart failureAvailable echocardiographic parametersBaseline clinical findingsVentricular filling patternSignificant clinical predictorsIncremental prognostic informationClinical examination findingsImportance of echocardiographyNonischemic heart failureVentricular ejection fractionEchocardiographic predictorsClinical predictorsEchocardiographic measuresEjection fractionExamination findingsClinical findings