2021
Kynurenic acid may underlie sex-specific immune responses to COVID-19
Cai Y, Kim DJ, Takahashi T, Broadhurst DI, Yan H, Ma S, Rattray NJW, Casanovas-Massana A, Israelow B, Klein J, Lucas C, Mao T, Moore AJ, Muenker MC, Oh JE, Silva J, Wong P, team Y, Ko AI, Khan SA, Iwasaki A, Johnson CH. Kynurenic acid may underlie sex-specific immune responses to COVID-19. Science Signaling 2021, 14: eabf8483. PMID: 34230210, PMCID: PMC8432948, DOI: 10.1126/scisignal.abf8483.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsKynurenic acidImmune responseClinical outcomesSex-specific immune responsesT cell responsesPoor clinical outcomeCOVID-19 patientsCoronavirus disease 2019COVID-19Sex-related differencesMale patientsCytokine abundanceInflammatory cytokinesKynurenine ratioSerum metabolomeDisease 2019Sex-specific linkKynurenine aminotransferaseCell responsesOld malePatientsMalesOutcomesResponseMetabolites
2007
Toll-like receptors regulation of viral infection and disease
Thompson JM, Iwasaki A. Toll-like receptors regulation of viral infection and disease. Advanced Drug Delivery Reviews 2007, 60: 786-794. PMID: 18280610, PMCID: PMC2410298, DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2007.11.003.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsToll-like receptorsVirus infectionRole of TLRsProtective anti-viral immunityToll-like receptor regulationAdaptive immune responsesAnti-viral immunityMammalian Toll-like receptorsVirus-induced diseaseViral nucleic acidsStudies of miceTLR activationInteraction of virusImmune responseViral infectionTLR systemTLR proteinsReceptor regulationInfectionDiseaseOutcomesCritical roleMiceImmunityReceptors