2025
Pseudoprogression in Pediatric Spinal Pilocytic Astrocytoma and Myxopapillary Ependymoma after Proton Therapy: A Case Series
Lee K, Johnson J, Kralik S, Mateo S, Grosshans D, McAleer M, Zaky W, Baxter P, Lin F, Chintagumpala M, Paulino A, McGovern S. Pseudoprogression in Pediatric Spinal Pilocytic Astrocytoma and Myxopapillary Ependymoma after Proton Therapy: A Case Series. Pediatric Blood & Cancer 2025, 72: e31873. PMID: 40563211, DOI: 10.1002/pbc.31873.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsSpinal pilocytic astrocytomaIncidence of pseudoprogressionMyxopapillary ependymomaProton therapyPilocytic astrocytomaMedian age of patientsMonths of follow-upMedian prescribed dosePediatric spinal tumorsAge of patientsMagnetic resonance imagingGross diseaseSpinal tumorsMedian ageTime of PTCase seriesPseudoprogressionMedical chartsClinical consequencesPost-PTFollow-upTreatment characteristicsPT dosePatientsResonance imagingSurgical outcomes in high-grade adult type diffuse gliomas (ATDG) with a previous diagnosis of anaplastic astrocytoma without adjuvant therapy
Brenner D, Dadario N, Zaman A, Valdivia D, Pandya M, Yeung J, Sughrue M, Teo C. Surgical outcomes in high-grade adult type diffuse gliomas (ATDG) with a previous diagnosis of anaplastic astrocytoma without adjuvant therapy. Clinical Neurology And Neurosurgery 2025, 253: 108879. PMID: 40253838, DOI: 10.1016/j.clineuro.2025.108879.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsProgression-free survivalGrade 3 astrocytomaGrade 4 astrocytomaSurgical resectionIDH-wildtypeAdjuvant therapyAnaplastic astrocytomaDiffuse gliomasGrade III anaplastic astrocytomasProgression-free survival ratesSurvival rateDiagnosis of anaplastic astrocytomaIDH-mutant astrocytomasIDH-wildtype glioblastomaLong-term survivalSignificant treatment challengeNatural progressionRetrospective reviewSurgical outcomesClinical presentationChemotherapeutic protocolsSurgical treatmentMalignant gliomasIDH-mutantSurgery date
2023
The importance of escalating molecular diagnostics in patients with low-grade pediatric brain cancer
Al Assaad M, Gundem G, Liechty B, Sboner A, Medina J, Papaemmanuil E, Sternberg C, Marks A, Souweidane M, Greenfield J, Tran I, Snuderl M, Elemento O, Imielinski M, Pisapia D, Mosquera J. The importance of escalating molecular diagnostics in patients with low-grade pediatric brain cancer. Molecular Case Studies 2023, 9: a006275. PMID: 37652664, PMCID: PMC10815291, DOI: 10.1101/mcs.a006275.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAstrocytomaBrain NeoplasmsChildHumansMaleMutationPathology, MolecularProto-Oncogene Proteins B-rafConceptsPediatric brain cancerPilocytic astrocytomaTargeted Next-Generation SequencingCase of pilocytic astrocytomaTumor size reductionLow-grade neoplasmsBrain cancerPediatric brain tumorsInternal tandem duplicationImpact treatment decisionsWhole-genome sequencingMolecular diagnosticsRNA-seq analysisRAS pathway activationNext-generation sequencingThalamic tumorsStable diseaseSuprasellar tumorsDabrafenib treatmentMultiple resectionsImprove patient outcomesTumor progressionWhole genomeRNA-seqTumorHemizygous CDKN2A deletion confers worse survival outcomes in IDHmut-noncodel gliomas
Kocakavuk E, Johnson K, Sabedot T, Reinhardt H, Noushmehr H, Verhaak R. Hemizygous CDKN2A deletion confers worse survival outcomes in IDHmut-noncodel gliomas. Neuro-Oncology 2023, 25: 1721-1723. PMID: 37329568, PMCID: PMC10479907, DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/noad095.Peer-Reviewed Original Research
2022
Spectrum of qualitative and quantitative imaging of pilomyxoid, intermediate pilomyxoid and pilocytic astrocytomas in relation to their genetic alterations
Fadel SA, von Reppert M, Kazarian E, Omay EZE, Marks A, Linder N, Hoffmann KT, Darbinyan A, Huttner A, Aboian MS. Spectrum of qualitative and quantitative imaging of pilomyxoid, intermediate pilomyxoid and pilocytic astrocytomas in relation to their genetic alterations. Neuroradiology 2022, 65: 195-205. PMID: 35984480, DOI: 10.1007/s00234-022-03027-3.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAstrocytomaBrain NeoplasmsChildHumansMutationProto-Oncogene Proteins B-rafRetrospective StudiesConceptsPilocytic astrocytomaImaging characteristicsADC valuesAggressive imaging characteristicsSuprasellar pilocytic astrocytomaRecurrence/progressionPediatric brain tumorsFrontal white matterWhole-exome sequencingPilomyxoid astrocytomaIntraventricular extensionSuprasellar regionThird ventriclePosterior fossaAtypical locationBrain tumorsWhite matterGrade 1TumorsAstrocytomasDriver mutationsExome sequencingGenetic alterationsPatientsHippocampusExecutive summary of American Radium Society’s appropriate use criteria for the postoperative management of lower grade gliomas
Tom MC, Milano MT, Chao ST, Soltys SG, Knisely JPS, Sahgal A, Nagpal S, Lo SS, Jabbari S, Wang TJC, Ahluwalia MS, Simonson M, Palmer JD, Gephart MH, Halasz LM, Garg AK, Chiang VLS, Chang EL. Executive summary of American Radium Society’s appropriate use criteria for the postoperative management of lower grade gliomas. Radiotherapy And Oncology 2022, 170: 79-88. PMID: 35367527, DOI: 10.1016/j.radonc.2022.03.018.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsLow-grade gliomasAppropriate use criteriaGrade 2 gliomasGrade 3 gliomasPostoperative managementGrade gliomasIDH-mutant oligodendrogliomasPostoperative therapyRadiotherapy doseAmerican Radium Society Appropriate Use CriteriaGrade 2Gross total surgical resectionImmediate adjuvant therapyHigh-risk featuresType of chemotherapyLow-risk featuresAppropriate treatment optionsIDH-mutant astrocytomasAdjuvant therapyModality therapySurgical resectionConsensus guidelinesTreatment optionsClose surveillanceConsensus recommendations
2021
Hemorrhage Into a Subependymal Giant Cell Astrocytoma in an Adult With Tuberous Sclerosis
Barbiero FJ, Huttner AJ, Fulbright RK, Baehring JM. Hemorrhage Into a Subependymal Giant Cell Astrocytoma in an Adult With Tuberous Sclerosis. The Neurologist 2021, 26: 122-124. PMID: 34190204, DOI: 10.1097/nrl.0000000000000338.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsIntracranial hemorrhageMagnetic resonance imaging (MRI) brainSubependymal giant cell astrocytomaCentral nervous system tumorsYoung adultsLife-threatening complicationsGiant cell astrocytomaNervous system tumorsTuberous sclerosis complexForamen of MonroRare genetic disorderGerm-line mutationsUncommon causeHematoma evacuationDiagnostic delaySpontaneous hemorrhageUnusual causeSubependymal nodulesSurveillance imagingSkin changesTumor resectionSystem tumorsAdenoma sebaceumTuberous sclerosisSkin lesionsDual activating FGFR1 mutations in pediatric pilomyxoid astrocytoma
Fomchenko EI, Reeves BC, Sullivan W, Marks AM, Huttner A, Kahle KT, Erson‐Omay E. Dual activating FGFR1 mutations in pediatric pilomyxoid astrocytoma. Molecular Genetics & Genomic Medicine 2021, 9: e1597. PMID: 33448156, PMCID: PMC8077124, DOI: 10.1002/mgg3.1597.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAstrocytomaBrain NeoplasmsHumansInfantMaleMutation, MissenseReceptor, Fibroblast Growth Factor, Type 1ConceptsPilomyxoid astrocytomaPediatric patientsVariant allele frequencyHypothalamic/chiasmatic regionPathologic tissue diagnosisTreatment-related morbidityHigh recurrence ratePI3K/mTOR inhibitionYears of ageExome sequencing resultsSimilar time pointsWhole exome sequencing resultsHypothalamic dysfunctionClinical presentationSurgical managementRecurrence rateShorter survivalAggressive subtypeVision lossChiasmatic regionTissue diagnosisPatient tumorsRadiation therapyFGFR inhibitorsFGFR1 mutations
2020
Central Nervous System Cancers, Version 3.2020, NCCN Clinical Practice Guidelines in Oncology.
Nabors L, Portnow J, Ahluwalia M, Baehring J, Brem H, Brem S, Butowski N, Campian J, Clark S, Fabiano A, Forsyth P, Hattangadi-Gluth J, Holdhoff M, Horbinski C, Junck L, Kaley T, Kumthekar P, Loeffler J, Mrugala M, Nagpal S, Pandey M, Parney I, Peters K, Puduvalli V, Robins I, Rockhill J, Rusthoven C, Shonka N, Shrieve D, Swinnen L, Weiss S, Wen P, Willmarth N, Bergman M, Darlow S. Central Nervous System Cancers, Version 3.2020, NCCN Clinical Practice Guidelines in Oncology. Journal Of The National Comprehensive Cancer Network 2020, 18: 1537-1570. PMID: 33152694, DOI: 10.6004/jnccn.2020.0052.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsCentral nervous system cancerNervous system cancersCNS cancersSystem cancersNCCN Clinical Practice GuidelinesMetastatic brain diseaseClinical practice guidelinesNCCN guideline recommendationsCommon intracranial tumorsNCCN guidelinesBrain metastasesGuideline recommendationsGrade IIntracranial tumorsPractice guidelinesPilocytic astrocytomaBrain tumorsAppropriate managementBrain diseasesCancerRadiation therapistsTumorsInterdisciplinary teamGliomasStandard practiceThe Surgical Resection of Brainstem Glioma: Outcomes and Prognostic Factors
Faulkner H, Arnaout O, Hoshide R, Young IM, Yeung JT, Sughrue ME, Teo C. The Surgical Resection of Brainstem Glioma: Outcomes and Prognostic Factors. World Neurosurgery 2020, 146: e639-e650. PMID: 33152495, DOI: 10.1016/j.wneu.2020.10.147.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAdolescentAdultAstrocytomaAtaxiaBrain Stem NeoplasmsCerebrospinal Fluid LeakChildChild, PreschoolDiplopiaEpendymomaFemaleGlioblastomaGliomaHeadacheHumansHydrocephalusInfantInfant, NewbornKaplan-Meier EstimateKarnofsky Performance StatusMachine LearningMagnetic Resonance ImagingMaleMiddle AgedMultivariate AnalysisNauseaNeoplasm GradingNeoplasm, ResidualNeurosurgical ProceduresPostoperative ComplicationsPrognosisRetrospective StudiesSurvival RateTumor BurdenVomitingYoung AdultConceptsBrainstem gliomasSurgical resectionPrognostic factorsSurgical treatmentTransient neurologic deficitsRadical surgical resectionHigh-grade tumorsPostoperative radiographic evaluationMagnetic resonance imagingChart reviewNeurologic deficitsOverall survivalSurgical candidatesConfers survival advantageMedian ageSurgical indicationsPatient selectionSurvival outcomesRadiographic evaluationSelect subgroupRadiographic featuresPrimary treatmentPermanent deficitsSurvival advantageTreatment selectionGenetic characterization of an aggressive optic nerve pilocytic glioma
Hong CS, Fliney G, Fisayo A, An Y, Gopal PP, Omuro A, Pointdujour-Lim R, Erson-Omay EZ, Omay SB. Genetic characterization of an aggressive optic nerve pilocytic glioma. Brain Tumor Pathology 2020, 38: 59-63. PMID: 33098465, PMCID: PMC7585354, DOI: 10.1007/s10014-020-00383-x.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsOptic nerve gliomaLeft optic nerve sheathLeft-sided visual lossSporadic adult casesOptic nerve sheathNeurofibromatosis type 1 syndromeType 1 syndromeWhole-exome sequencingEmpiric managementVisual lossFocal radiotherapyOptic nervePediatric populationNerve sheathOpen biopsyAdult casesBiopsy specimenBenign histopathologyClinical prognosticationPilocytic astrocytomaComplex tumorsActionable targetsVisual pathwayAdult populationTumor progression
2019
Defining an Intermediate-risk Group for Low-grade Glioma: A National Cancer Database Analysis
JAIRAM V, KANN BH, PARK HS, MICCIO JA, BECKTA JM, YU JB, PRABHU RS, GAO SJ, MEHTA MP, CURRAN WJ, BINDRA RS, CONTESSA JN, PATEL KR. Defining an Intermediate-risk Group for Low-grade Glioma: A National Cancer Database Analysis. Anticancer Research 2019, 39: 2911-2918. PMID: 31177129, DOI: 10.21873/anticanres.13420.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsIntermediate-risk groupInferior overall survivalOverall survivalAdjuvant therapyLow-grade gliomasTumor sizePrognostic featuresMultivariate analysisPre-operative tumor sizeNational Cancer Database AnalysisNational Cancer DatabaseLow-risk patientsCohort of patientsKaplan-Meier methodPoor prognostic featuresGross total resectionHigh-risk groupPatterns of careAdditional prognostic featuresRTOG 9802Clinical factorsTotal resectionCancer DatabaseRisk groupsClinical classification
2017
Low-Grade Astrocytoma within a Mature Cystic Teratoma in an Adolescent Patient
Yoder N, Marks A, Hui P, Litkouhi B, Cron J. Low-Grade Astrocytoma within a Mature Cystic Teratoma in an Adolescent Patient. Journal Of Pediatric And Adolescent Gynecology 2017, 31: 325-327. PMID: 29107097, DOI: 10.1016/j.jpag.2017.10.005.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsMature cystic teratomaCystic teratomaLow-grade astrocytomasAdolescent patientsMalignant transformationAsymptomatic ovarian cystsCommon ovarian neoplasmsLarger tumor sizeGynecologic tractSubsequent cystectomyPostmenopausal statusFinal pathologyOvarian neoplasmsOvarian cystsTumor sizeRisk factorsGlial tissueGrade astrocytomasAntigen 125Mouse modelSolid tumorsPatientsAstrocytomasTeratomaTrisomy 20Multicenter, Phase 1, Dose Escalation Study of Hypofractionated Stereotactic Radiation Therapy With Bevacizumab for Recurrent Glioblastoma and Anaplastic Astrocytoma
Clarke J, Neil E, Terziev R, Gutin P, Barani I, Kaley T, Lassman AB, Chan TA, Yamada J, DeAngelis L, Ballangrud A, Young R, Panageas KS, Beal K, Omuro A. Multicenter, Phase 1, Dose Escalation Study of Hypofractionated Stereotactic Radiation Therapy With Bevacizumab for Recurrent Glioblastoma and Anaplastic Astrocytoma. International Journal Of Radiation Oncology • Biology • Physics 2017, 99: 797-804. PMID: 28870792, PMCID: PMC5654655, DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2017.06.2466.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAgedAngiogenesis InhibitorsAstrocytomaBevacizumabBrainBrain NeoplasmsFemaleGlioblastomaHumansIntention to Treat AnalysisKarnofsky Performance StatusMaleMaximum Tolerated DoseMiddle AgedNeoplasm Recurrence, LocalOrgans at RiskProspective StudiesRadiation Dose HypofractionationRadiosurgeryRe-IrradiationTumor BurdenConceptsRecurrent high-grade gliomaDose-limiting toxicityHigh-grade gliomasStereotactic reirradiationHypofractionated Stereotactic Radiation TherapyCorpus callosum involvementDose level cohortsGrade 3 fatigueMedian overall survivalKarnofsky performance statusDose-escalation studyTreatment-related effectsBiological equivalent doseStereotactic radiation therapyWarrants further investigationAbsence of brainstemDose-escalation trial designBevacizumab dosesCallosum involvementConcomitant bevacizumabSymptomatic radionecrosisEscalation studyOverall survivalPerformance statusResected specimensInterleukin-13 receptor alpha 2 as a marker of poorer prognosis in high-grade astrocytomas.
Wanibuchi M, Kataoka-Sasaki Y, Sasaki M, Oka S, Otsuka Y, Yamaguchi M, Ohnishi H, Ohtaki S, Noshiro S, Ookawa S, Mikami T, Mikuni N, Honmou O. Interleukin-13 receptor alpha 2 as a marker of poorer prognosis in high-grade astrocytomas. Journal Of Neurosurgical Sciences 2017, 62: 239-244. PMID: 28079349, DOI: 10.23736/s0390-5616.16.03793-0.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsHigh-grade astrocytomasInterleukin-13 receptor alpha 2Overall survivalMIB-1 indexReceptor alpha 2Median OSPoor prognosisPatient ageCox proportional hazards modelWorld Health Organization gradeMedian overall survivalMedian survival benefitAdvanced patient ageAlpha 2Real-time quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reactionLow expression groupQuantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reactionReverse transcription-polymerase chain reactionProportional hazards modelTranscription-polymerase chain reactionExpression levelsSubset of casesParaffin-embedded glioma samplesHazard ratioSurvival benefit
2016
Peduncular psychosis
Andrews JP, Taylor J, Saunders D, Qayyum Z. Peduncular psychosis. BMJ Case Reports 2016, 2016: bcr2016216165. PMID: 27511753, PMCID: PMC4986019, DOI: 10.1136/bcr-2016-216165.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsMidbrain lesionsPsychiatric decompensationNon-epileptic seizuresCentral nervous systemEnvironmental risk factorsMidbrain pilocytic astrocytomaPeduncular hallucinosisSusceptible patientsPsychotic featuresRisk factorsFrank psychosisPsychiatric illnessPilocytic astrocytomaPsychotic symptomsNervous systemLesionsDifferential etiologyPsychosisPatientsMidbrainDecompensationChemotherapyFocused radiationSeizuresHallucinosis
2015
Fast Biological Modeling for Voxel-based Heavy Ion Treatment Planning Using the Mechanistic Repair-Misrepair-Fixation Model and Nuclear Fragment Spectra
Kamp F, Cabal G, Mairani A, Parodi K, Wilkens JJ, Carlson DJ. Fast Biological Modeling for Voxel-based Heavy Ion Treatment Planning Using the Mechanistic Repair-Misrepair-Fixation Model and Nuclear Fragment Spectra. International Journal Of Radiation Oncology • Biology • Physics 2015, 93: 557-568. PMID: 26460998, DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2015.07.2264.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsRelative biological effectivenessCarbon ion therapyCarbon ionsIon therapyHeavy ion treatment planningMonte Carlo code FLUKAPrimary carbon ionsCarbon ion energyRadiation therapy beamsRBE valuesCarbon ion treatment plansRelevant RBE valuesRMF predictionsHeavy ionsIon energyDouble-strand break (DSB) yieldsRMF modelEnergy spectrumTherapy beamsSecondary fragmentsMonte Carlo damage simulationNuclear fragmentsBiological optimizationBiological effectivenessRBE predictions
2014
Myc inhibition is effective against glioma and reveals a role for Myc in proficient mitosis
Annibali D, Whitfield J, Favuzzi E, Jauset T, Serrano E, Cuartas I, Redondo-Campos S, Folch G, Gonzàlez-Juncà A, Sodir N, Massó-Vallés D, Beaulieu M, Swigart L, Mc Gee M, Somma M, Nasi S, Seoane J, Evan G, Soucek L. Myc inhibition is effective against glioma and reveals a role for Myc in proficient mitosis. Nature Communications 2014, 5: 4632. PMID: 25130259, PMCID: PMC4143920, DOI: 10.1038/ncomms5632.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsMYC inhibitionElevated MYC levelsPatient-derived tumorsAdult central nervous systemHuman glioblastoma cell linesCentral nervous systemFormation of multinucleated cellsPrimary tumorGlioblastoma cell linesStandard therapyOrthotopic xenograftsMYC levelsMouse modelIncreased apoptosisCancer therapyHuman tumorsMitotic catastropheTherapeutic strategiesHuman gliomasMYCTumorNervous systemInvasive astrocytomasGliomaCell linesComparison of Perfusion, Diffusion, and MR Spectroscopy between Low-Grade Enhancing Pilocytic Astrocytomas and High-Grade Astrocytomas
de Fatima Vasco Aragao M, Law M, de Almeida D, Fatterpekar G, Delman B, Bader A, Pelaez M, Fowkes M, de Mello R, Valenca M. Comparison of Perfusion, Diffusion, and MR Spectroscopy between Low-Grade Enhancing Pilocytic Astrocytomas and High-Grade Astrocytomas. American Journal Of Neuroradiology 2014, 35: 1495-1502. PMID: 24699088, PMCID: PMC7964458, DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.a3905.Peer-Reviewed Original Research
2013
Case 18-2013
Cole A, Eskandar E, Mela T, Noebels J, Gonzalez R, McGuone D. Case 18-2013. New England Journal Of Medicine 2013, 368: 2304-2312. PMID: 23758236, DOI: 10.1056/nejmcpc1215969.Peer-Reviewed Original Research
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