2024
Activation of GFRAL+ neurons induces hypothermia and glucoregulatory responses associated with nausea and torpor
Engström Ruud L, Font-Gironès F, Zajdel J, Kern L, Teixidor-Deulofeu J, Mannerås-Holm L, Carreras A, Becattini B, Björefeldt A, Hanse E, Fenselau H, Solinas G, Brüning J, Wunderlich T, Bäckhed F, Ruud J. Activation of GFRAL+ neurons induces hypothermia and glucoregulatory responses associated with nausea and torpor. Cell Reports 2024, 43: 113960. PMID: 38507407, DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2024.113960.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchGlucose to lipid oxidationMetabolomics analysis of bloodImpaired insulin sensitivityRelease of stress hormonesAdipose tissue differentiationAnalysis of bloodGlucose uptakeVisceral fatChronic activationAcute activationGlucose toleranceMetabolomic analysisTranscriptome of muscleObesity treatmentTorpor-like stateNeuronal activityCell-specific activityInsulin sensitivityNauseaMetformin effectsHypothermiaWeight lossNeuronsEnergy homeostasisAugmented glucose uptake
2022
978-P: Rare Variants in Melanocortin 4 Receptor Gene (MC4R) Are Associated with Increased Visceral Fat and Altered Glucose Metabolism Independent of the Effect of Obesity in Children
GALUPPO B, MANNAM P, TRICO D, BALE A, CAPRIO S, SANTORO N. 978-P: Rare Variants in Melanocortin 4 Receptor Gene (MC4R) Are Associated with Increased Visceral Fat and Altered Glucose Metabolism Independent of the Effect of Obesity in Children. Diabetes 2022, 71 DOI: 10.2337/db22-978-p.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchOral glucose tolerance testEffect of obesityIntrahepatic fatInsulin resistanceVisceral fatMelanocortin-4 receptor gene mutationsVariant groupsSimilar BMI z-scoresOverweight/obese youthRare variantsAbdominal fat distributionGlucose tolerance testLower insulin clearanceBMI z-scoreEarly-onset obesityBody fat percentageΒ-cell functionGreater visceral fatMelanocortin-4 receptor geneHigher plasma glucoseRegion of MC4RReceptor gene mutationsMetabolic sequelaeInsulin clearanceTolerance testMultimodal analysis suggests differential immuno-metabolic crosstalk in lung squamous cell carcinoma and adenocarcinoma
Leitner BP, Givechian KB, Ospanova S, Beisenbayeva A, Politi K, Perry RJ. Multimodal analysis suggests differential immuno-metabolic crosstalk in lung squamous cell carcinoma and adenocarcinoma. Npj Precision Oncology 2022, 6: 8. PMID: 35087143, PMCID: PMC8795406, DOI: 10.1038/s41698-021-00248-2.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchNon-small cell lung cancerLung squamous cell carcinomaBody mass indexSquamous cell carcinomaLung adenocarcinomaHigher glucose uptakeVisceral adiposityVisceral fatCell carcinomaLung cancerGlucose uptakeTreatment of NSCLCHigher Body Mass IndexTumor-infiltrating T cellsImmune checkpoint inhibitionCell lung cancerHigh visceral fatPET/CT imagingTumors of patientsPrecision therapy approachesTumor glucose uptakePrecision medicine approachLUSC tumorsPrognostic gene expressionAdjunct therapy
2021
Pacific Islands Families Study: adverse impact of food insecurity on child body composition.
Oyama S, Tautolo E, Tukuitonga C, Rush E. Pacific Islands Families Study: adverse impact of food insecurity on child body composition. The New Zealand Medical Journal 2021, 134: 30-38. PMID: 34695074.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsFood insecurityHousehold food insecurityAppendicular skeletal muscle massVisceral adipose tissueAge 14 yearsPacific Islands Families StudyFood insecurity statusFood secure householdsHousehold food insecurity statusBody compositionInsecuritySecure householdsFood securityDual X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) measurementsChildren's body compositionPacific Island mothersSkeletal muscle massYouthVisceral fatWeeks postpartumGreater birthweightAdipose tissueEarly infancyMuscle massLater life
2020
O-GlcNAc transferase inhibits visceral fat lipolysis and promotes diet-induced obesity
Yang Y, Fu M, Li MD, Zhang K, Zhang B, Wang S, Liu Y, Ni W, Ong Q, Mi J, Yang X. O-GlcNAc transferase inhibits visceral fat lipolysis and promotes diet-induced obesity. Nature Communications 2020, 11: 181. PMID: 31924761, PMCID: PMC6954210, DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-13914-8.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAcetylglucosamineAnimalsCell Line, TumorDietFastingGene DeletionHEK293 CellsHeLa CellsHomeostasisHumansIntra-Abdominal FatLipolysisMaleMiceMice, Inbred C3HMice, Inbred C57BLMice, KnockoutN-AcetylglucosaminyltransferasesObesityPerilipin-1PhosphorylationProtein Processing, Post-TranslationalSignal TransductionConceptsDiet-induced obesityVisceral fatExcessive visceral fat accumulationPerilipin 1Visceral fat accumulationVisceral fat lossTreatment of obesityPrimary risk factorAdipose tissue homeostasisUnhealthy obesityRisk factorsEnhanced lipolysisInhibits lipolysisFat accumulationO-GlcNAcylationFat lossObesityFat lipolysisRelated diseasesLipolysisInducible deletionLipid dropletsHexosamine biosynthetic pathwayFatTissue homeostasis
2019
Sitagliptin Decreases Visceral Fat and Blood Glucose in Women With Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome
Devin JK, Nian H, Celedonio JE, Wright P, Brown NJ. Sitagliptin Decreases Visceral Fat and Blood Glucose in Women With Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome. The Journal Of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism 2019, 105: dgz028. PMID: 31529097, PMCID: PMC7947776, DOI: 10.1210/clinem/dgz028.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAdolescentAdultBiomarkersBlood GlucoseCross-Over StudiesDipeptidyl Peptidase 4Dipeptidyl-Peptidase IV InhibitorsDouble-Blind MethodFemaleFollow-Up StudiesGlucose Tolerance TestHuman Growth HormoneHumansIntra-Abdominal FatMiddle AgedPolycystic Ovary SyndromePrognosisSitagliptin PhosphateYoung AdultConceptsOral glucose tolerance testPolycystic ovarian syndromeVisceral adiposityVascular functionGrowth hormoneOvarian syndromeGH secretionGlucagon-like peptide-1Increased visceral adiposityMaximal glucose responseOvernight GH secretionOvernight growth hormoneEarly insulin secretionGlucose tolerance testVenous samplingCrossover studyVisceral fatCrossover treatmentTolerance testBlood glucoseDPP4 inhibitionInsulin secretionPeak glucoseGlucose levelsPeptide-1
2018
A low visceral fat proportion, independent of total body fat mass, protects obese adolescent girls against fatty liver and glucose dysregulation: a longitudinal study
Umano GR, Shabanova V, Pierpont B, Mata M, Nouws J, Tricò D, Galderisi A, Santoro N, Caprio S. A low visceral fat proportion, independent of total body fat mass, protects obese adolescent girls against fatty liver and glucose dysregulation: a longitudinal study. International Journal Of Obesity 2018, 43: 673-682. PMID: 30337653, PMCID: PMC9354568, DOI: 10.1038/s41366-018-0227-6.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsBody fat distributionHepatic fat contentGlucose metabolismVisceral fatInsulin resistanceObese adolescentsFat distributionWhole-body insulin sensitivity indexOral glucose tolerance testTotal body fat massSubcutaneous fatIntrahepatic fat contentImpaired glucose metabolismLow ratio groupGlucose tolerance testObese adolescent girlsSubjects/methodsWeBody fat massInsulin sensitivity indexHepatic fat accumulationMajor determinantGlucose dysregulationFatty liverTolerance testFat massUnifying mechanisms: nature deficiency, chronic stress, and inflammation
Bird W, Epel E, Ickovics J, van den Bosch M. Unifying mechanisms: nature deficiency, chronic stress, and inflammation. 2018, 40-48. DOI: 10.1093/med/9780198725916.003.0034.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchChronic stressPoor health behaviorsChronic inflammationVisceral fatInflammation leadShortening of telomeresGut microbiotaHealth behaviorsOrgan reactionsChronic inflammation leadStress hormonesBodily systemsOxidative stressReactive oxidative speciesInflammationShort telomeresOxidative damageUnifying mechanismTelomeresDeleterious influenceRiskVicious circleOxidative speciesNatural environment
2015
A Role of the Inflammasome in the Low Storage Capacity of the Abdominal Subcutaneous Adipose Tissue in Obese Adolescents
Kursawe R, Dixit VD, Scherer PE, Santoro N, Narayan D, Gordillo R, Giannini C, Lopez X, Pierpont B, Nouws J, Shulman GI, Caprio S. A Role of the Inflammasome in the Low Storage Capacity of the Abdominal Subcutaneous Adipose Tissue in Obese Adolescents. Diabetes 2015, 65: 610-618. PMID: 26718495, PMCID: PMC4764142, DOI: 10.2337/db15-1478.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAbdomenAcetyl-CoA CarboxylaseAdipogenesisAdiponectinAdolescentCarrier ProteinsCaspase 1ChildDown-RegulationFatty Acid Synthase, Type IFemaleGene Expression ProfilingGlucose Transporter Type 4HumansInflammasomesInsulin ResistanceInterleukin-1betaIntra-Abdominal FatLeptinLipogenesisLipoprotein LipaseMacrophagesMagnetic Resonance ImagingMaleNLR Family, Pyrin Domain-Containing 3 ProteinObesityPPAR gammaSirtuin 1Sterol Regulatory Element Binding Protein 1Subcutaneous FatToll-Like Receptor 4ConceptsVisceral adipose tissueObese adolescentsInsulin resistanceTissue inflammationNLRP3 inflammasomeAdipose tissueInnate immune cell sensorsAbdominal subcutaneous adipose tissueAbdominal adipose depotsAbdominal fat partitioningAdipogenesis/lipogenesisAdipose tissue inflammationProinflammatory cytokines interleukinInfiltration of macrophagesExpression of CASP1Subcutaneous adipose tissueInflammation markersSAT biopsiesIL-18Macrophage infiltrationVisceral fatCytokines interleukinSAT ratioInsulin sensitivityAdipose depotsLifestyle Intervention for Sleep Disturbances Among Overweight or Obese Individuals
Nam S, Stewart KJ, Dobrosielski DA. Lifestyle Intervention for Sleep Disturbances Among Overweight or Obese Individuals. Behavioral Sleep Medicine 2015, 14: 343-350. PMID: 26375410, PMCID: PMC4794423, DOI: 10.1080/15402002.2015.1007992.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsSleep disturbancesLifestyle interventionSelf-reported sleep disturbanceWeight-loss dietsAbdominal subcutaneous fatDifferent lifestyle interventionsAbdominal total fatLess sleep disturbanceMagnetic resonance imagingMood States questionnaireLoss dietVisceral fatObese individualsOverweight personsDepressive symptomsBody weightTotal fatResonance imagingAerobic fitnessSubcutaneous fatNovel findingsState QuestionnaireFatInterventionOverweightChitinase 3–like-1 Regulates Both Visceral Fat Accumulation and Asthma-like Th2 Inflammation
Ahangari F, Sood A, Ma B, Takyar S, Schuyler M, Qualls C, Dela Cruz CS, Chupp GL, Lee CG, Elias JA. Chitinase 3–like-1 Regulates Both Visceral Fat Accumulation and Asthma-like Th2 Inflammation. American Journal Of Respiratory And Critical Care Medicine 2015, 191: 746-757. PMID: 25629580, PMCID: PMC4407482, DOI: 10.1164/rccm.201405-0796oc.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsHigh-fat dietTh2 inflammationTh2 responsesFat accumulationChitinase 3Genesis of obesityRole of CHI3L1Lower lung functionLean control subjectsVisceral fat accumulationPathogenesis of asthmaWhite adipose tissue accumulationAdipose tissue accumulationCase-control studySerum CHI3L1Truncal adiposityWAT accumulationPersistent asthmaTruncal obesityLung functionObese subjectsVisceral fatAsthma incidenceControl subjectsRisk factors
2013
Computer-aided Assessment of Regional Abdominal Fat with Food Residue Removal in CT
Makrogiannis S, Caturegli G, Davatzikos C, Ferrucci L. Computer-aided Assessment of Regional Abdominal Fat with Food Residue Removal in CT. Academic Radiology 2013, 20: 1413-1421. PMID: 24119354, PMCID: PMC3954576, DOI: 10.1016/j.acra.2013.08.007.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsComputed tomographyResidue removalReceiver Operating CharacteristicVisceral fatGeneralization capabilityFat quantificationAbdominal fat quantificationFood residuesEpidemiological studiesBag techniqueK-fold cross-validationLarge-scale epidemiological studiesArea under ROC curveAbdominal fatFat densityHounsfield unitsRegional adiposityModel-based segmentationFeature spaceClass imbalanceDice similarity score
2010
Central Role of Fatty Liver in the Pathogenesis of Insulin Resistance in Obese Adolescents
D'Adamo E, Cali AM, Weiss R, Santoro N, Pierpont B, Northrup V, Caprio S. Central Role of Fatty Liver in the Pathogenesis of Insulin Resistance in Obese Adolescents. Diabetes Care 2010, 33: 1817-1822. PMID: 20668154, PMCID: PMC2909068, DOI: 10.2337/dc10-0284.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsObese adolescentsFatty liverHFF groupVisceral fatLower whole-body insulin sensitivity indexTwo-step hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clampWhole-body insulin sensitivity indexOral glucose tolerance testBaseline fatty acidsHepatic glucose production rateLow-dose insulinAbdominal fat distributionGlucose disposal rateIntramyocellular lipid contentGlucose tolerance testBeta-cell functionHyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clampInsulin sensitivity indexBMI z-scoreHepatic fat contentInsulin-resistant statesMagnetic resonance imagingSuppression of EGPGlucose production rateInsulin resistanceObesity increases the production of pro-inflammatory mediators from adipose tissue T cells and compromises TCR repertoire diversity: Implications for systemic inflammation and insulin-resistance (87.32)
Youm Y, Yang H, Badanmagsar B, Gimble J, Greenway F, Mynatt R. Obesity increases the production of pro-inflammatory mediators from adipose tissue T cells and compromises TCR repertoire diversity: Implications for systemic inflammation and insulin-resistance (87.32). The Journal Of Immunology 2010, 184: 87.32-87.32. DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.184.supp.87.32.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchT cellsVisceral fatTCR repertoireTCR diversityAdipose depotsAdipose tissueAdipose tissue T cellsSpecific adipose depotsTCR Vβ repertoireUnique TCR repertoireEffector memory cellsObesity-Associated InflammationPro-inflammatory mediatorsActivated T cell populationsPro-inflammatory cytokinesTissue T cellsT cell populationsTCR repertoire diversityProinflammatory microenvironmentSystemic inflammationObesity altersObese miceT lymphocytesObesityRepertoire diversityAdiponectin Is Secreted by Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells and Regulates Muscle Contractile Phenotype
Ding M, Wagner R, Martin K. Adiponectin Is Secreted by Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells and Regulates Muscle Contractile Phenotype. The FASEB Journal 2010, 24: 957.5-957.5. DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.24.1_supplement.957.5.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchAdiponectin overexpressionContractile phenotypeVSMC contractile proteinsVascular smooth muscle cellsSmooth muscle cellsContractile protein expressionVascular smooth muscle cell differentiationVSMC contractile phenotypeCardioprotective adipokineSmooth muscle cell differentiationVisceral fatReceptors AdipoR1Endogenous adiponectinRecombinant adiponectinAdiponectinParacrine actionCardioprotective functionParacrine mannerVSMC proliferationHigher order oligomeric formsSiRNA knock-downMuscle cell differentiationMuscle cellsContractile proteinsVSMC
2008
Selective effects of CPAP on sleep apnoea‐associated manifestations
Vgontzas A, Zoumakis E, Bixler E, Lin H, Collins B, Basta M, Pejovic S, Chrousos G. Selective effects of CPAP on sleep apnoea‐associated manifestations. European Journal Of Clinical Investigation 2008, 38: 585-595. PMID: 18627419, PMCID: PMC4528610, DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2362.2008.01984.x.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsContinuous positive airway pressureObstructive sleep apnoeaMonths of continuous positive airway pressureNon-obese controlsTNF-R1 levelsInterleukin-6Visceral adiposityObese controlsInsulin resistanceTNF-R1TNF-alphaDaytime sleepinessVisceral fatObstructive sleep apnoea patientsBlood pressurePositive airway pressureTumor necrosis factor-alphaMeasurement of interleukin-6Interleukin-6 levelsNecrosis factor-alphaAssociated with insulin resistanceMeasures of daytime sleepinessFasting blood glucoseTNF receptor 1Predicting insulin resistance
2007
High Visceral and Low Abdominal Subcutaneous Fat Stores in the Obese Adolescent A Determinant of an Adverse Metabolic Phenotype
Taksali SE, Caprio S, Dziura J, Dufour S, Calí A, Goodman TR, Papademetris X, Burgert TS, Pierpont BM, Savoye M, Shaw M, Seyal AA, Weiss R. High Visceral and Low Abdominal Subcutaneous Fat Stores in the Obese Adolescent A Determinant of an Adverse Metabolic Phenotype. Diabetes 2007, 57: 367-371. PMID: 17977954, DOI: 10.2337/db07-0932.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsMetabolic syndromeObese adolescentsInsulin resistanceVisceral fatSubcutaneous fatAdverse metabolic phenotypeC-reactive proteinSevere metabolic complicationsAbdominal subcutaneous fatBMI z-scoreProton magnetic resonance spectroscopyMulti-ethnic cohortFat-free massSubcutaneous fat depotsMagnetic resonance imagingSubcutaneous fat storesMetabolic complicationsTotal adiponectinHepatic fatLiver fatTriglyceride levelsInterleukin-6Visceral depotsOdds ratioC-peptideInterethnic Differences in Muscle, Liver and Abdominal Fat Partitioning in Obese Adolescents
Liska D, Dufour S, Zern TL, Taksali S, Calí AM, Dziura J, Shulman GI, Pierpont BM, Caprio S. Interethnic Differences in Muscle, Liver and Abdominal Fat Partitioning in Obese Adolescents. PLOS ONE 2007, 2: e569. PMID: 17593968, PMCID: PMC1892806, DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0000569.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsMagnetic resonance imagingLiver fat contentHepatic fat contentInsulin resistanceObese adolescentsAfrican AmericansOral glucose tolerance testingObese Hispanic adolescentsAbdominal fat distributionGlucose tolerance testingType 2 diabetesTotal body fatEthnic differencesClear ethnic differencesVisceral fatInsulin sensitivityFat distributionTolerance testingIMCL levelsMultiethnic cohortObese youthFat contentAbdominal cavityBody fatSoleus muscle
2006
Alanine Aminotransferase Levels and Fatty Liver in Childhood Obesity: Associations with Insulin Resistance, Adiponectin, and Visceral Fat
Burgert TS, Taksali SE, Dziura J, Goodman TR, Yeckel CW, Papademetris X, Constable RT, Weiss R, Tamborlane WV, Savoye M, Seyal AA, Caprio S. Alanine Aminotransferase Levels and Fatty Liver in Childhood Obesity: Associations with Insulin Resistance, Adiponectin, and Visceral Fat. The Journal Of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism 2006, 91: 4287-4294. PMID: 16912127, DOI: 10.1210/jc.2006-1010.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsIntrahepatic fat accumulationAlanine aminotransferase levelsHepatic fat fractionVisceral fatInsulin sensitivityMagnetic resonance imagingFat accumulationAminotransferase levelsMetabolic syndromeFatty liverInsulin resistanceChildhood obesityResonance imagingLipid metabolismNonalcoholic fatty liver diseaseHispanic race/ethnicityAbdominal fat partitioningSerum aminotransferase elevationFatty liver diseaseBiomarkers of inflammationHepatic fat accumulationReduced insulin sensitivityFat fractionRace/ethnicityAminotransferase elevation
2005
The “Obese Insulin-Sensitive” Adolescent: Importance of Adiponectin and Lipid Partitioning
Weiss R, Taksali SE, Dufour S, Yeckel CW, Papademetris X, Cline G, Tamborlane WV, Dziura J, Shulman GI, Caprio S. The “Obese Insulin-Sensitive” Adolescent: Importance of Adiponectin and Lipid Partitioning. The Journal Of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism 2005, 90: 3731-3737. PMID: 15797955, DOI: 10.1210/jc.2004-2305.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsInsulin sensitivityVisceral fatLipid depositionObese insulin-resistant adolescentsObese insulin-sensitive subjectsNormal glucose tolerancePeripheral insulin sensitivityIntramyocellular lipid contentBody mass indexInsulin-sensitive subjectsHyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clampInsulin-resistant adolescentsInsulin-sensitive controlsWide interindividual variationLipid partitioningLower lipid depositionPercent body fatMagnetic resonance imagingImportance of adiponectinObese insulinObese groupGlucose toleranceMass indexObese adolescentsIntramyocellular lipids
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