2025
FGF21 promotes longevity in diet-induced obesity through metabolic benefits independent of growth suppression
Gliniak C, Gordillo R, Youm Y, Lin Q, Crewe C, Zhang Z, Field B, Fujikawa T, Virostek M, Zhao S, Zhu Y, Rosen C, Horvath T, Dixit V, Scherer P. FGF21 promotes longevity in diet-induced obesity through metabolic benefits independent of growth suppression. Cell Metabolism 2025, 37: 1547-1567.e6. PMID: 40527315, DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2025.05.011.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchInflammatory immune cellsVisceral adipose tissueDiet-induced obesityAged transgenic miceHigh-fat dietAbsence of adiponectinTreat metabolic syndromeFibroblast growth factor 21Immune cellsLipotoxic ceramidesMetabolic syndromeReduced liver steatosisTransgenic miceMetabolic profileMetabolic benefitsInsulin sensitivityLiver steatosisIn adulthoodAdipose tissueMiceFat tissueImprove metabolismGrowth suppressionMetabolic issuesAge-related diseasesAI-based volumetric six-tissue body composition quantification from CT cardiac attenuation scans for mortality prediction: a multicentre study
Yi J, Marcinkiewicz A, Shanbhag A, Miller R, Geers J, Zhang W, Killekar A, Manral N, Lemley M, Buchwald M, Kwiecinski J, Zhou J, Kavanagh P, Liang J, Builoff V, Ruddy T, Einstein A, Feher A, Miller E, Sinusas A, Berman D, Dey D, Slomka P. AI-based volumetric six-tissue body composition quantification from CT cardiac attenuation scans for mortality prediction: a multicentre study. The Lancet Digital Health 2025, 7: 100862. PMID: 40382274, PMCID: PMC12126277, DOI: 10.1016/j.landig.2025.02.002.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsCT attenuation correctionEpicardial adipose tissueVisceral adipose tissuePrognostic valueAdipose tissuePerfusion imagingMedian follow-up timeHigher visceral adipose tissueIncreased all-cause mortality riskMuscle volume indexAttenuation correctionPredicting all-cause mortalityCardiac perfusion imagingKaplan-Meier curvesAll-cause mortality riskBody composition measurementsCox regression modelsAll-Cause MortalityReduced riskVolumetric measurementsIntramuscular adipose tissueMortality risk stratificationAI-based segmentationSubcutaneous adipose tissueIndex volume
2024
Rare variants in the melanocortin 4 receptor gene (MC4R) are associated with abdominal fat and insulin resistance in youth with obesity
Galuppo B, Mannam P, Bonet J, Pierpont B, Trico’ D, Haskell-Luevano C, Ericson M, Freeman K, Philbrick W, Bale A, Caprio S, Santoro N. Rare variants in the melanocortin 4 receptor gene (MC4R) are associated with abdominal fat and insulin resistance in youth with obesity. International Journal Of Obesity 2024, 49: 819-826. PMID: 39738493, PMCID: PMC12095050, DOI: 10.1038/s41366-024-01706-0.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchOral glucose tolerance testVisceral adipose tissueMelanocortin-4 receptor geneSubcutaneous adipose tissueVariant groupYale Pediatric Obesity ClinicInsulin resistanceEarly-onset obesityBMI z-scorePediatric obesity clinicRare variantsAdipose tissueAbdominal fat distributionDegree of obesityGlucose tolerance testTotal body fatIntrahepatic fat contentLower insulin sensitivityIntrahepatic fat accumulationAssociated with abdominal fatAbdominal MRIObesity clinicMetabolic sequelaePathogenic variantsFat distributionInsulin clearance at randomisation and in response to treatment in youth with type 2 diabetes: a secondary analysis of the TODAY randomised clinical trial
Nadeau K, Arslanian S, Bacha F, Caprio S, Chao L, Farrell R, Hughan K, Rayas M, Tung M, Cross K, El ghormli L. Insulin clearance at randomisation and in response to treatment in youth with type 2 diabetes: a secondary analysis of the TODAY randomised clinical trial. Diabetologia 2024, 68: 676-687. PMID: 39706874, DOI: 10.1007/s00125-024-06327-w.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsYouth-onset type 2 diabetesType 2 diabetesBeta cell functionRandomised clinical trialsVisceral adipose tissueMarkers of adiposityInsulin sensitivityInsulin clearanceSubcutaneous adipose tissueCell functionClinical trialsResponse to rosiglitazone treatmentDual-energy X-ray absorptiometryPersistently elevated blood glucose levelsMarkers of insulin sensitivityFasting blood testsX-ray absorptiometryFasting C-peptideNon-Hispanic black raceAdipose tissueResponse to treatmentCompensatory response to changesElevated blood glucose levelsNational Institute of DiabetesSecondary analysis8740 Visceral Adipose Tissue Assessment in Patients With Mild Autonomous Cortisol Secretion Using Dual-Energy X-Ray Absorptiometry: A Cross-Sectional Study
Saini J, Zhang C, Fell V, Atkinson E, Achenbach S, Bancos I. 8740 Visceral Adipose Tissue Assessment in Patients With Mild Autonomous Cortisol Secretion Using Dual-Energy X-Ray Absorptiometry: A Cross-Sectional Study. Journal Of The Endocrine Society 2024, 8: bvae163.321. PMCID: PMC11454869, DOI: 10.1210/jendso/bvae163.321.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchDual-energy X-ray absorptiometryVisceral adipose tissueAutonomous cortisol secretionX-ray absorptiometryFat massReference subjectsLean massComputed tomographyFull-body DXA scanMild autonomous cortisol secretionVisceral adipose tissue assessmentDual-energy X-ray absorptiometry scanCortisol secretionAssociated with increased visceral adiposityFollow-up of patientsSingle-center cross-sectional studyCompared to reference subjectsDual-energyBMI-adjusted analysisAndroid fat massCross-sectional study of adultsDexamethasone suppression testGynoid fat massPost-DST cortisolBody composition measurementsThe subcutaneous adipose transcriptome identifies a molecular signature of insulin resistance shared with visceral adipose
Mashayekhi M, Sheng Q, Bailin S, Massier L, Zhong J, Shi M, Wanjalla C, Wang T, Ikizler T, Niswender K, Gabriel C, Palacios J, Turgeon‐Jones R, Reynolds C, Luther J, Brown N, Das S, Dahlman I, Mosley J, Koethe J, Rydén M, Bachmann K, Shah R. The subcutaneous adipose transcriptome identifies a molecular signature of insulin resistance shared with visceral adipose. Obesity 2024, 32: 1526-1540. PMID: 38967296, PMCID: PMC11269023, DOI: 10.1002/oby.24064.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchVisceral adipose tissueExpression quantitative trait lociSubcutaneous adipose tissueGenetic effect sizesQuantitative trait lociInsulin resistanceAdipocyte transcriptsSat geneAdipose transcriptomeTrait lociTranscriptional architectureTranscriptional landscapeMetabolic bufferRNA sequencingInsulin stimulationAdipose tissueNon-immune cell populationsMetabolic phenotypeWeight loss surgeryNon-immune populationSpectrum of obesityCardiometabolic disease riskMacrophage transcriptionMolecular signaturesType 2 diabetesSingle-cell analysis reveals a subpopulation of adipose progenitor cells that impairs glucose homeostasis
Wang H, Du Y, Huang S, Sun X, Ye Y, Sun H, Chu X, Shan X, Yuan Y, Shen L, Bi Y. Single-cell analysis reveals a subpopulation of adipose progenitor cells that impairs glucose homeostasis. Nature Communications 2024, 15: 4827. PMID: 38844451, PMCID: PMC11156882, DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-48914-w.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsAdipose progenitor cellsT2D patientsProgenitor cellsDiphtheria toxin A expressionHeterogeneous stromal cellsGlycemic disturbancesAdipose tissueInfluence of obesityGlucose homeostasisVisceral adipose tissueHuman visceral adipose tissueImpaired glucose homeostasisType 2 diabetesHunter-killer peptidesRegulating glucose homeostasisSingle-cell analysisAPC functionStromal cellsA ExpressionMetabolic homeostasisAdipocyte lipolysisT2D developmentPatientsT2DBioactive proteins
2023
Body Composition, Coronary Microvascular Dysfunction, and Future Risk of Cardiovascular Events Including Heart Failure
Souza A, Rosenthal M, Moura F, Divakaran S, Osborne M, Hainer J, Dorbala S, Blankstein R, Di Carli M, Taqueti V. Body Composition, Coronary Microvascular Dysfunction, and Future Risk of Cardiovascular Events Including Heart Failure. JACC Cardiovascular Imaging 2023, 17: 179-191. PMID: 37768241, PMCID: PMC10922555, DOI: 10.1016/j.jcmg.2023.07.014.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsCoronary microvascular dysfunctionVisceral adipose tissueAssociated with coronary microvascular dysfunctionCoronary flow reserveBody mass indexLow coronary flow reserveSubcutaneous adipose tissueCoronary artery diseaseAdverse eventsPositron emission tomographyObese patientsMicrovascular dysfunctionVisceral adipose tissue cross-sectional areaCardiovascular eventsHeart failurePRESERVED LEFT VENTRICULAR EJECTION FRACTIONAdverse outcomesSkeletal muscleArtery diseaseFlow-limiting coronary artery diseaseBody compositionAssociated with body compositionEvaluation of coronary artery diseaseStress positron emission tomographyEmission tomographyRising NAFLD and metabolic severity during the Sars‐CoV‐2 pandemic among children with obesity in the United States
Slusher A, Hu P, Samuels S, Tokoglu F, Lat J, Li Z, Alguard M, Strober J, Vatner D, Shabanova V, Caprio S. Rising NAFLD and metabolic severity during the Sars‐CoV‐2 pandemic among children with obesity in the United States. Obesity 2023, 31: 1383-1391. PMID: 36694381, PMCID: PMC10186584, DOI: 10.1002/oby.23728.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsNonalcoholic fatty liver diseaseOral glucose tolerance testGlucose tolerance testProton density fat fractionLiver diseaseSARS-CoV-2 pandemicTolerance testSeverity of NAFLDMagnetic resonance imaging-derived proton density fat fractionFrequency-matched control groupIntrahepatic fat contentCommon liver diseaseFatty liver diseasePediatric obesity clinicVisceral adipose tissueGlobal pandemicNAFLD prevalenceObesity clinicMetabolic severityInsulin secretionAdipose tissueControl groupObesityPatient careHealth differences
2022
Comprehensive assessment of neurocognitive function, inflammation markers, and adiposity in treated HIV and control
Mouchati C, Kamari V, Sattar A, Yu J, McComsey G. Comprehensive assessment of neurocognitive function, inflammation markers, and adiposity in treated HIV and control. Medicine 2022, 101: e31125. PMID: 36281153, PMCID: PMC9592384, DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000031125.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsHuman immunodeficiency virusImmunodeficiency virusNeurocognitive impairmentUndetectable HIV-1 RNA levelsHIV-1 RNA levelsHigh inflammatory markersMarkers of inflammationBody fat compositionVisceral adipose tissueCross-sectional studyBody composition measuresChi-square testHigher total fatInflammatory markersInflammation markersCentral adiposityHIV statusImmune activationInsulin resistanceMean agePLWHHeroin useAdipose tissueDrug AdministrationNeurocognitive functionAdipose tissue radiodensity and mortality among patients with nonmetastatic breast cancer
Cheng E, Caan BJ, Chen WY, Irwin ML, Prado CM, Cespedes Feliciano EM. Adipose tissue radiodensity and mortality among patients with nonmetastatic breast cancer. Clinical Nutrition 2022, 41: 2607-2613. PMID: 36306565, PMCID: PMC9722634, DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2022.09.016.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsNonmetastatic breast cancerVisceral adipose tissueBreast cancerBreast cancer prognosisOverall mortalitySpecific mortalityAdipose tissueCancer prognosisTissue radiodensityMultivariable Cox proportional hazards regressionKaiser Permanente Northern CaliforniaCox proportional hazards regressionRole of adiposityBody mass indexProportional hazards regressionBreast cancer survivalNovel prognostic markerThird lumbar vertebraIntegrated healthcare systemNon-Hispanic whitesMultiple cancer typesHazard ratioNonmetastatic patientsPrognostic factorsClinicopathological characteristics
2021
CIDEA expression in SAT from adolescent girls with obesity and unfavorable patterns of abdominal fat distribution
Tarabra E, Nouws J, Vash‐Margita A, Hellerstein M, Shabanova V, McCollum S, Pierpont B, Zhao D, Shulman GI, Caprio S. CIDEA expression in SAT from adolescent girls with obesity and unfavorable patterns of abdominal fat distribution. Obesity 2021, 29: 2068-2080. PMID: 34672413, PMCID: PMC8612981, DOI: 10.1002/oby.23295.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsAbdominal fat distributionVisceral adipose tissueCIDEA expressionFat distributionProtein levelsAbdominal SATAdolescent girlsHigher visceral adipose tissueSubcutaneous adipose tissue biopsiesAdipose tissue biopsiesReverse transcription-polymerase chain reactionTranscription-polymerase chain reactionMagnetic resonance imagingWeight gain effectsExpression of CIDEAAdipocyte dysfunctionSAT biopsiesAdipose lipidsInsulin resistanceAdipocyte hypertrophySmall adipocytesAdipose tissueTissue biopsiesUnfavorable patternsStrong inverse correlationPacific Islands Families Study: adverse impact of food insecurity on child body composition.
Oyama S, Tautolo E, Tukuitonga C, Rush E. Pacific Islands Families Study: adverse impact of food insecurity on child body composition. The New Zealand Medical Journal 2021, 134: 30-38. PMID: 34695074.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsFood insecurityHousehold food insecurityAppendicular skeletal muscle massVisceral adipose tissueAge 14 yearsPacific Islands Families StudyFood insecurity statusFood secure householdsHousehold food insecurity statusBody compositionInsecuritySecure householdsFood securityDual X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) measurementsChildren's body compositionPacific Island mothersSkeletal muscle massYouthVisceral fatWeeks postpartumGreater birthweightAdipose tissueEarly infancyMuscle massLater life
2020
Ketogenesis activates metabolically protective γδ T cells in visceral adipose tissue
Goldberg EL, Shchukina I, Asher JL, Sidorov S, Artyomov MN, Dixit VD. Ketogenesis activates metabolically protective γδ T cells in visceral adipose tissue. Nature Metabolism 2020, 2: 50-61. PMID: 32694683, PMCID: PMC10150608, DOI: 10.1038/s42255-019-0160-6.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsΓδ T cellsKetogenic dietT cellsAdipose tissue inflammationResident immune cellsVisceral adipose tissueHigher fat compositionReduced adipose tissue inflammationCause obesityMetabolic healthTissue inflammationImmune cellsImmunometabolic responsesProlonged exerciseGlucose homeostasisAdipose tissueInflammationKetone bodiesSingle-cell RNA sequencingLow carbohydrateEnergy homeostasisΒ-hydroxybutyrateFat compositionRNA sequencingCells
2019
AGING INDUCES NLRP3 INFLAMMASOME DEPENDENT ADIPOSE B CELL EXPANSION TO IMPAIR METABOLIC HOMEOSTASIS
Camell C, Dixit V. AGING INDUCES NLRP3 INFLAMMASOME DEPENDENT ADIPOSE B CELL EXPANSION TO IMPAIR METABOLIC HOMEOSTASIS. Innovation In Aging 2019, 3: s106-s106. PMCID: PMC6845598, DOI: 10.1093/geroni/igz038.397.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchFat-associated lymphoid clustersTissue B cellsB cell expansionAdipose tissueB cellsNLRP3 inflammasomeAdipose tissue immune cellsVisceral white adipose tissueB cell profileB-cell depletionB cell accumulationTissue immune cellsVisceral adipose tissueWhite adipose tissueAged B cellsFALC formationVisceral adiposityCell depletionInduces NLRP3Aged miceImmune cellsInsulin sensitivityFemale miceLymphoid clustersMetabolic dysfunctionNon‐alcoholic fatty liver disease, liver fibrosis score and cognitive function in middle‐aged adults: The Framingham Study
Weinstein G, Davis‐Plourde K, Himali JJ, Zelber‐Sagi S, Beiser AS, Seshadri S. Non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease, liver fibrosis score and cognitive function in middle‐aged adults: The Framingham Study. Liver International 2019, 39: 1713-1721. PMID: 31155826, PMCID: PMC6736704, DOI: 10.1111/liv.14161.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsNon-alcoholic fatty liver diseaseNAFLD fibrosis scoreFatty liver diseaseCognitive functionAdvanced fibrosisFibrosis scoreLiver diseaseBrain healthLower riskPresence of NAFLDRelationship of NAFLDLiver fibrosis scoresExcessive alcohol intakeVisceral adipose tissueSeverity of fibrosisPoor cognitive functionMiddle-aged adultsExecutive functionCross-sectional relationshipNAFLD diagnosisCardiometabolic variablesAlcohol intakeFramingham StudyInsulin resistancePotential confounders1768-P: Inflammation in Visceral and Subcutaneous Fat and Human Insulin Resistance
MCLAUGHLIN T, ZANLEY E, PETLURA C, TOLENTINO L, CHOI O, CHUANG J, XU Y, MORTON J, ENGLEMAN E. 1768-P: Inflammation in Visceral and Subcutaneous Fat and Human Insulin Resistance. Diabetes 2019, 68 DOI: 10.2337/db19-1768-p.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchVisceral adipose tissueInsulin resistanceWhole-body insulin sensitivityBariatric surgery patientsImmune cell profilesSystemic insulin resistanceTotal fat massAmerican Heart AssociationPlasma glucose testSystemic glucose metabolismHuman insulin resistanceSurgery patientsInflammation contributesHeart AssociationCytokine releaseImmune cellsInsulin sensitivityMacrophage numbersFat massBacterial antigensAdipocyte stressGlucose testGlucose metabolismHuman studiesAdipose tissueIncreased Diet Quality is Associated with Long‐Term Reduction of Abdominal and Pericardial Fat
Hennein R, Liu C, McKeown NM, Hoffmann U, Long MT, Levy D, Ma J. Increased Diet Quality is Associated with Long‐Term Reduction of Abdominal and Pericardial Fat. Obesity 2019, 27: 670-677. PMID: 30825267, PMCID: PMC6430652, DOI: 10.1002/oby.22427.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsMediterranean-style diet scoreLess fat accumulationGenetic risk scoreFat accumulationDiet qualityAdipose tissueAbdominal subcutaneous adipose tissueEctopic fat depotsEctopic fat accumulationGenetic riskFramingham Heart Study participantsVisceral adipose tissuePericardial adipose tissueSubcutaneous adipose tissueDiet scorePericardial fatLong-term reductionRisk scoreFat depotsAdiposity profilesStudy participantsSD improvementFavorable changesLongitudinal associationsLongitudinal improvement
2017
Fibroblast growth factor receptor is a mechanistic link between visceral adiposity and cancer
Chakraborty D, Benham V, Bullard B, Kearney T, Hsia HC, Gibbon D, Demireva EY, Lunt SY, Bernard JJ. Fibroblast growth factor receptor is a mechanistic link between visceral adiposity and cancer. Oncogene 2017, 36: 6668-6679. PMID: 28783178, PMCID: PMC5709202, DOI: 10.1038/onc.2017.278.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsAdipose tissueFibroblast growth factor-2 levelsGrowth factor-2 levelsFGFR-1Cancer prevention strategiesEpithelial cellsExcess adipose tissueTumor formationFactor 2 levelsVisceral adipose tissueNovel ex vivo systemSkin tumor formationObese human donorsNon-tumorigenic epithelial cellsSoft agarEx vivo systemGrowth factor receptorAdjuvant therapyEpithelial cell growthVisceral adiposityLevels of FGF2Obese individualsEpidemiological evidenceFibroblast growth factor receptorCancer risk
2015
A Role of the Inflammasome in the Low Storage Capacity of the Abdominal Subcutaneous Adipose Tissue in Obese Adolescents
Kursawe R, Dixit VD, Scherer PE, Santoro N, Narayan D, Gordillo R, Giannini C, Lopez X, Pierpont B, Nouws J, Shulman GI, Caprio S. A Role of the Inflammasome in the Low Storage Capacity of the Abdominal Subcutaneous Adipose Tissue in Obese Adolescents. Diabetes 2015, 65: 610-618. PMID: 26718495, PMCID: PMC4764142, DOI: 10.2337/db15-1478.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAbdomenAcetyl-CoA CarboxylaseAdipogenesisAdiponectinAdolescentCarrier ProteinsCaspase 1ChildDown-RegulationFatty Acid Synthase, Type IFemaleGene Expression ProfilingGlucose Transporter Type 4HumansInflammasomesInsulin ResistanceInterleukin-1betaIntra-Abdominal FatLeptinLipogenesisLipoprotein LipaseMacrophagesMagnetic Resonance ImagingMaleNLR Family, Pyrin Domain-Containing 3 ProteinObesityPPAR gammaSirtuin 1Sterol Regulatory Element Binding Protein 1Subcutaneous FatToll-Like Receptor 4ConceptsVisceral adipose tissueObese adolescentsInsulin resistanceTissue inflammationNLRP3 inflammasomeAdipose tissueInnate immune cell sensorsAbdominal subcutaneous adipose tissueAbdominal adipose depotsAbdominal fat partitioningAdipogenesis/lipogenesisAdipose tissue inflammationProinflammatory cytokines interleukinInfiltration of macrophagesExpression of CASP1Subcutaneous adipose tissueInflammation markersSAT biopsiesIL-18Macrophage infiltrationVisceral fatCytokines interleukinSAT ratioInsulin sensitivityAdipose depots
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