Julio Croda, MD, PhD
Associate Professor AdjunctCards
About
Titles
Associate Professor Adjunct
Associate Professor Adjunct of Epidemiology, Epidemiology of Microbial Diseases
Biography
As an accomplished physician-scientist specializing in infectious diseases, I bring extensive expertise in clinical trials, communicable disease surveillance, and public health emergencies. I hold an MD from the Federal University of Bahia and a PhD from São Paulo University. My career is marked by significant contributions to the epidemiology and vaccinology of tuberculosis, arboviruses, and COVID-19.
I am an Associate Professor at the Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul and the Yale School of Public Health. Additionally, I serve as a Researcher at the Oswaldo Cruz Foundation in Mato Grosso do Sul. I have held numerous leadership positions, including President of Rede-TB, President of the Brazilian Society of Tropical Medicine, and Director of the Department of Immunizations and Communicable Diseases at the Ministry of Health of Brazil.
With over five years of experience leading vaccine trials, I have been involved in clinical studies for vaccines targeting COVID-19, dengue, tuberculosis, and chikungunya. My research is funded by the National Institutes of Health (NIH) and Brazilian funding agencies such as CNPq and CAPES. I have published extensively in high-impact journals and actively contribute to multiple technical advisory boards, including the Technical Advisory Chamber for Public Health Emergencies, the Technical Advisory Chamber for Surveillance, Prevention, and Control of Respiratory Viruses, and the Technical Advisory Chamber for Immunizations at the Ministry of Health of Brazil.
My work is characterized by a comprehensive approach that combines epidemiology, clinical trials, and programmatic data analysis. I am dedicated to fostering innovation, advancing health equity, and providing accurate public health information to both scientific communities and the broader public. Through my initiatives, I strive to develop impactful, evidence-based strategies to address some of the most pressing global health challenges.
Appointments
Epidemiology of Microbial Diseases
Associate Professor AdjunctPrimary
Other Departments & Organizations
Education & Training
- PhD
- Sao Paulo University (2008)
- Residency
- São Paulo University (2007)
- MD
- Federal University of Bahia, Medicine (2003)
Research
Overview
Medical Research Interests
Epidemiology; Global Health; Infectious Disease Medicine; Molecular Epidemiology; Prisons; Public Health; South America; Tuberculosis
Public Health Interests
Health Equity, Disparities, Social Determinants and Justice; Global Health; Emerging Infectious Diseases; COVID-19; Disease Transmission; Tuberculosis; Modeling
Publications
2024
Signatures of transmission in within-host Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex variation: a retrospective genomic epidemiology study
Walter K, Cohen T, Mathema B, Colijn C, Sobkowiak B, Comas I, Goig G, Croda J, Andrews J. Signatures of transmission in within-host Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex variation: a retrospective genomic epidemiology study. The Lancet Microbe 2024, 100936. PMID: 39615498, DOI: 10.1016/j.lanmic.2024.06.003.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchWithin-host variationMycobacterium tuberculosis complexTransmission inferenceSequence dataMinority variantsGenome Epidemiology StudyMTBC diversityWhole-genome sequencing dataPairs of isolatesAvailable sequence dataPublicly available sequencing dataRetrospective population-based studyPopulation-based studyIdentical genomesPPE genesGenetic differencesWalker etCulture isolatesTuberculosis complexHousehold transmission studyIsolatesEpidemiological linkageReceiver operating characteristicEpidemiological studiesCulture of sputumAssessment of the BNT162B2 COVID-19 vaccine immune response in Brazilian indigenous adolescents
de Oliveira L, de Morais I, Marchioro S, de Almeida G, de Almeida de Souza G, da Silva Ferreira T, Rossoni R, de Oliveira Barbosa D, Navarini V, Croda J, Torres A, Simionatto S. Assessment of the BNT162B2 COVID-19 vaccine immune response in Brazilian indigenous adolescents. Vaccine 2024, 43: 126494. PMID: 39571350, DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2024.126494.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchCD8+ T cellsBNT162b2 vaccineT cellsB lymphocytesIncreased levels of B lymphocytesImmune responseCell subpopulationsLevels of B lymphocytesSARS-CoV-2-specific immune responsesMemory B cellsNon-classical monocytesIndigenous adolescentsStatistically significant increaseNK cellsVaccinated adolescentsB cellsNo significant changesBooster doseCohort studyBNT162b2Vaccination scheduleLimited healthcare resourcesImmunogenic responseDemographic dataCOVID-19 vaccineA case report on symptomatic disease caused by serotype 4 vaccine virus following tetravalent anti-dengue vaccination
Oliveira R, Santos A, Gonçalves C, Giovanetti M, Alcantara L, Demarchi L, Lichs G, Ilis T, Hiane S, Abbud A, Sacchi C, Naveca F, Santos D, Marques E, Lucena Junior W, Croda J. A case report on symptomatic disease caused by serotype 4 vaccine virus following tetravalent anti-dengue vaccination. Travel Medicine And Infectious Disease 2024, 62: 102782. PMID: 39461453, DOI: 10.1016/j.tmaid.2024.102782.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMass incarceration as a driver of the tuberculosis epidemic in Latin America and projected effects of policy alternatives: a mathematical modelling study
Liu Y, Mabene Y, Camelo S, Rueda Z, Pelissari D, Johansen F, Huaman M, Avalos-Cruz T, Alarcón V, Ladutke L, Bergman M, Cohen T, Goldhaber-Fiebert J, Croda J, Andrews J. Mass incarceration as a driver of the tuberculosis epidemic in Latin America and projected effects of policy alternatives: a mathematical modelling study. The Lancet Public Health 2024, 9: e841-e851. PMID: 39419058, PMCID: PMC11602220, DOI: 10.1016/s2468-2667(24)00192-0.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsLatin AmericaIncarceration policiesIncarcerated populationsEffects of policy alternativesDuration of incarcerationMinistry of JusticePrison admissionsIncarceration ratesMass incarcerationIncarcerationPolicy alternativesInternational health agenciesEl SalvadorHistorical riseTuberculosis incidenceLatinPrisonAge structureHealth agenciesCounterfactual scenariosCountriesPolicyHealth crisisNational Tuberculosis ProgrammeTuberculosis epidemicThe greatest Dengue epidemic in Brazil: Surveillance, Prevention, and Control
Gurgel-Gonçalves R, de Oliveira W, Croda J. The greatest Dengue epidemic in Brazil: Surveillance, Prevention, and Control. Revista Da Sociedade Brasileira De Medicina Tropical 2024, 57: e00203-2024. PMID: 39319953, PMCID: PMC11415067, DOI: 10.1590/0037-8682-0113-2024.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsHealth education initiativesPhase 3 clinical trialsPublic health systemMinistry of HealthIndoor residual sprayingSterile insect techniqueHealth servicesHealth systemTakeda vaccineCommunity mobilizationMultisectoral approachDengue epidemicsDengue casesEducational initiativesDengue mortalityResidual sprayingMosquito controlHome cleaningInsect techniqueAedes aegyptiPotential mosquito breeding sitesHealthVaccination coverageDengue virusVaccineAntecedent and persistent symptoms in COVID-19 and other respiratory illnesses: Insights from prospectively collected data in the BRACE trial
ald E, Pittet L, Barry S, Bonten M, Campbell J, Croda J, Croda M, Dalcolmo M, Davidson A, de Almeida e Val F, dos Santos G, Gardiner K, Gell G, Gwee A, Krastev A, Lacerda M, Lucas M, Lynn D, Manning L, McPhate N, Perrett K, Post J, Prat-Aymerich C, Quinn L, Richmond P, Wood N, Messina N, Curtis N, Group T. Antecedent and persistent symptoms in COVID-19 and other respiratory illnesses: Insights from prospectively collected data in the BRACE trial. Journal Of Infection 2024, 89: 106267. PMID: 39245151, PMCID: PMC11489119, DOI: 10.1016/j.jinf.2024.106267.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsBraced trialsChronic respiratory diseasesHealthcare workersPre-existing symptomsRisk of PaCMulticentre randomised controlled trialNon-COVID-19Non-COVID-19 respiratory illnessesRandomised controlled trialsRespiratory illnessNon-COVID-19 illnessesSymptom patternsLonger-lasting symptomsProportion of COVID-19 casesRespiratory diseaseIllness episodesWHO definitionCOVID-19Compare symptomsControlled trialsRespiratory illness episodesSymptom dataPersistence of symptomsIllnessIncreased riskSeverity-dependent test-seeking behaviors and test-negative designs: impact on estimated vaccine effectiveness and utility of analytic and design choices
Amin A, Hitchings M, Ranzani O, Andrews J, Cummings D, Ko A, Croda J, Dean N. Severity-dependent test-seeking behaviors and test-negative designs: impact on estimated vaccine effectiveness and utility of analytic and design choices. American Journal Of Epidemiology 2024, kwae303. PMID: 39191656, DOI: 10.1093/aje/kwae303.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchBCG vaccination of healthcare workers for protection against COVID-19: 12-month outcomes from an international randomised controlled trial
Messina N, Pittet L, McDonald E, Moore C, Barry S, Bonten M, Byrne A, Campbell J, Croda J, Croda M, Dalcolmo M, de Almeida e Val F, de Oliveira R, dos Santos G, Douglas M, Gardiner K, Gwee A, Jardim B, Kollmann T, Lacerda M, Lucas M, Lynn D, Manning L, Marshall H, O’Connell A, Perrett K, Post J, Prat-Aymerich C, Rocha J, Rodriguez-Baño J, Wadia U, Warris A, Davidson A, Curtis N, Group T. BCG vaccination of healthcare workers for protection against COVID-19: 12-month outcomes from an international randomised controlled trial. Journal Of Infection 2024, 89: 106245. PMID: 39127450, PMCID: PMC11409612, DOI: 10.1016/j.jinf.2024.106245.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsBacille Calmette-GuerinBreakthrough COVID-19Healthcare workersSevere COVID-19Risk of severe COVID-19Placebo groupSymptomatic COVID-19BCG-DenmarkRisk of symptomatic COVID-19International randomised controlled trialRandomised controlled trialsBacille Calmette-Guerin vaccineVaccination of healthcare workersHealthcare centresSARS-CoV-2 testingAsymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infectionRandomised 1:1SARS-CoV-2 infectionCOVID-19MITT populationControlled trialsHealthcareIntradermal doseModified intentionImmunomodulatory effectsInsights into SARS-CoV-2 Surveillance among Prison Populations in Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil, in 2022
da Silva L, Alcantara L, Fonseca V, Frias D, Zardin M, de Castro Lichs G, Esposito A, Xavier J, Fritsch H, Lima M, de Oliveira C, de Arruda L, de Mello Almeida Maziero L, Barretos E, Oshiro P, Menezes E, de Freitas Cardoso L, Lemos E, Lourenço J, de Albuquerque C, do Carmo Said R, Rosewell A, Demarchi L, Croda J, Giovanetti M, Gonçalves C. Insights into SARS-CoV-2 Surveillance among Prison Populations in Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil, in 2022. Viruses 2024, 16: 1143. PMID: 39066305, PMCID: PMC11281713, DOI: 10.3390/v16071143.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsNext-generation sequencingPrison populationIncarcerated populationsOvercrowded cellsGenome sequenceGenomic characteristicsPrisonGenomic surveillanceEnclosed populationMato GrossoAverage coverageIsolation protocolSARS-CoV-2RT-qPCR testSARS-CoV-2 surveillanceRT-qPCRSequenceFrequent transferEpidemiological monitoringLimited healthcare accessGenomeCellsOmicron variantSeroprevalence of Zika virus in pregnant women in Brazil: a cohort study in the macroregion of Dourados - Mato Grosso do Sul
Dan C, Brito G, Croda J, Koishi A, Santos C, Benedetti K, Marchioro S, Simionatto S. Seroprevalence of Zika virus in pregnant women in Brazil: a cohort study in the macroregion of Dourados - Mato Grosso do Sul. Revista Eletrônica Acervo Saúde 2024, 24: e17324. DOI: 10.25248/reas.e17324.2024.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchPregnant womenSeroprevalence of Zika virusInter-atrial communicationMaternal ZIKV infectionZika virusZIKV vaccinesInter-atrialPremature childbirthHigh feverZIKV infectionCohort studyNeurological alterationsTertiary hospitalImage analysis systemEthics CommitteeSerological diagnosisWomenResearch Ethics CommitteeQuantification of antibodiesZIKVAntibodiesSeroprevalenceVirusMyalgiaOstealgia
Academic Achievements & Community Involvement
News
News
- October 16, 2024Source: Science
Why did an obscure virus explode in Latin America? New study offers clues
- September 13, 2024Source: Code Blue
National Dengue Vaccination Program May Save Malaysia RM4 Billion Over Three Decades
- September 01, 2021
Gamma Variant Vulnerable to Vaccine
- July 27, 2021
Vaccine Found Effective for Elderly in Hard-hit Brazil Facing COVID-19 Gamma Variant
Get In Touch
Contacts
Email
Mailing Address
Yale School of Medicine
Laboratory of Epidemiology and Public Health, 60 College St
New Haven, CT 06510
United States