2025
Prenatal Cannabis Use and Depressive Symptoms
Pitt T, Allshouse A, Kim P, McMillin G, Silver R, Chung J, Grobman W, Haas D, Mercer B, Parry S, Reddy U, Saade G, Simhan H, Metz T. Prenatal Cannabis Use and Depressive Symptoms. Obstetrics And Gynecology 2025, 145: 417-425. PMID: 40014863, PMCID: PMC11925678, DOI: 10.1097/aog.0000000000005860.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsAssociated with later depressive symptomsCannabis exposureDepressive symptomsCannabis useTHC-COOHAssociated with increased depressive symptomsAssociated with greater oddsAssociated with depressive symptomsFirst-trimesterExposed to cannabisPregnancy outcome dataWeeks of gestationFirst-trimester exposureGreater oddsCannabis metabolitesSecondary analysisCannabisAssociated with increased oddsExploratory analysisUrine immunoassayTrimesterHigher levelsPrimary outcomePregnancyAcademic centers
2024
Cannabis Exposure and Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes Related to Placental Function
Metz T, Allshouse A, McMillin G, Greene T, Chung J, Grobman W, Haas D, Mercer B, Parry S, Reddy U, Saade G, Simhan H, Silver R. Cannabis Exposure and Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes Related to Placental Function. Obstetric Anesthesia Digest 2024, 44: 139-140. DOI: 10.1097/01.aoa.0001026572.72882.bd.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchExposure to cannabisCannabis usePlacental functionPregnancy outcomesPrevalence of cannabis usePoor fetal growthAdverse pregnancy outcomesInfluence pregnancy outcomePlacental dysfunctionCannabis exposureFetal growthPregnant individualsSelf-reported useTobacco useCannabisDrug usePregnancyOutcome relationsPotential legal consequencesOutcomesAssociationExposureUseDysfunctionPublished researchCannabis Exposure and Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes Related to Placental Function
Metz T, Allshouse A, McMillin G, Greene T, Chung J, Grobman W, Haas D, Mercer B, Parry S, Reddy U, Saade G, Simhan H, Silver R. Cannabis Exposure and Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes Related to Placental Function. Obstetrical & Gynecological Survey 2024, 79: 307-309. DOI: 10.1097/ogx.0000000000001289.Peer-Reviewed Original Research
2023
Cannabis Exposure and Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes Related to Placental Function
Metz T, Allshouse A, McMillin G, Greene T, Chung J, Grobman W, Haas D, Mercer B, Parry S, Reddy U, Saade G, Simhan H, Silver R. Cannabis Exposure and Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes Related to Placental Function. JAMA 2023, 330: 2191-2199. PMID: 38085313, PMCID: PMC10716715, DOI: 10.1001/jama.2023.21146.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsPrimary composite outcomeAdverse pregnancy outcomesComposite outcomeFirst trimesterCannabis exposurePregnancy outcomesCannabis usePlacental functionPropensity score-weighted analysisNulliparous Pregnancy Outcomes StudyOngoing exposureMaternal cannabis useUrine cotinine assayUrine samplesMedical record abstractionPregnancy outcome dataGestational-age birthsBody mass indexGestational age windowsPregnancy Outcomes StudyUS medical centersOngoing cannabis useAdjudication of outcomesMaternal cannabisHypertensive disorders
2022
Timing of cannabis exposure relative to prodrome and psychosis onset in a community-based first episode psychosis sample
Kline ER, Ferrara M, Li F, D'Souza DC, Keshavan M, Srihari VH. Timing of cannabis exposure relative to prodrome and psychosis onset in a community-based first episode psychosis sample. Journal Of Psychiatric Research 2022, 147: 248-253. PMID: 35066293, PMCID: PMC8882157, DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2022.01.039.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsCannabis exposurePublic health significancePsychosis onsetPsychotic disordersHealth significanceFirst-episode psychosis samplePsychosis sampleFirst exposureFirst-episode psychosis servicesWorse premorbid functioningAdverse prognostic factorAssociation of ageImpact of cannabisPsychosis PreventionSymptom onsetPrognostic factorsOverall incidenceEarly psychosis sampleConsecutive admissionsOverall burdenPsychotic illnessPsychosis servicesPsychosis symptomsGreater severityYounger age
2021
Chronic cannabis smoking-enriched oral pathobiont drives behavioral changes, macrophage infiltration, and increases β-amyloid protein production in the brain
Luo Z, Fitting S, Robinson C, Benitez A, Li M, Wu Y, Fu X, Amato D, Ning W, Funderburg N, Wang X, Zhou Z, Yu X, Wagner A, Cong X, Xu W, Maas K, Wolf B, Huang L, Yu J, Scott A, Mcrae-Clark A, Hamlett E, Jiang W. Chronic cannabis smoking-enriched oral pathobiont drives behavioral changes, macrophage infiltration, and increases β-amyloid protein production in the brain. EBioMedicine 2021, 74: 103701. PMID: 34826801, PMCID: PMC8626580, DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2021.103701.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsCannabis smokersActinomyces meyeriCannabis smokingCentral nervous systemOral pathobiontsChronic cannabis smokersMacrophage infiltrationCannabis use disorderOral microbiomeOral microbial dysbiosisSaliva microbiomeNon-smoking controlsIncreased macrophage infiltrationCannabis exposureUse disorderMicrobial 16S rRNA sequencingCannabisCNS abnormalitiesProtein productionActinomyces odontolyticusOral bacteriaBehavioral changesNon-smokersMicrobial dysbiosisNervous systemPrenatal Δ9-Tetrahydrocannabinol Exposure in Males Leads to Motivational Disturbances Related to Striatal Epigenetic Dysregulation
Ellis R, Bara A, Vargas C, Frick A, Loh E, Landry J, Uzamere T, Callens J, Martin Q, Rajarajan P, Brennand K, Ramakrishnan A, Shen L, Szutorisz H, Hurd Y. Prenatal Δ9-Tetrahydrocannabinol Exposure in Males Leads to Motivational Disturbances Related to Striatal Epigenetic Dysregulation. Biological Psychiatry 2021, 92: 127-138. PMID: 34895699, PMCID: PMC8957623, DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2021.09.017.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsEpigenetic dysregulationNucleus accumbensSimilar transcriptional alterationsExpression of Kmt2aComparison of RNACellular chromatinTranscriptome datasetsPrenatal THC exposureEpigenetic signaturesEpigenetic profilesAdult male offspringHuman major depressive disorderRNA sequencingTranscriptional alterationsSequencing approachPrenatal cannabis exposureMajor depressive disorderΔ9-tetrahydrocannabinol exposurePrincipal psychoactive componentMolecular signaturesUnbiased sequencing approachRat offspringUtero exposureTHC exposureCannabis exposureDifferential Cognitive Performance in Females and Males with Regular Cannabis Use
Martin A, D’Souza D, Newman SD, Hetrick WP, O’Donnell B. Differential Cognitive Performance in Females and Males with Regular Cannabis Use. Journal Of The International Neuropsychological Society 2021, 27: 570-580. PMID: 34261548, PMCID: PMC8830784, DOI: 10.1017/s1355617721000606.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsRegular cannabis useCannabis useCognitive measuresPsychomotor speedBiological sexHopkins Verbal Learning TestDifferential cognitive performanceNon-using peersVerbal Learning TestMeasures of intelligenceWechsler Abbreviated ScaleDigit symbol testGreatest group differencesVerbal learningDigit spanLearning TestCognitive performanceAbbreviated ScaleNeurocognitive deficitsCognitive deficitsSymbol testCannabis exposurePsychomotor performanceGroup differencesCognitionLongitudinal Effects of Acute Cannabis Exposure on Automobile Driving Behavior in a Naturalistic Simulated Environment
Meda S, Boer E, Ward N, Book G, Stevens M, Boyle C, Mubeen M, Pearlson G. Longitudinal Effects of Acute Cannabis Exposure on Automobile Driving Behavior in a Naturalistic Simulated Environment. 2021 DOI: 10.26828/cannabis.2021.01.000.21.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchAcute cannabis exposureHigh-dose subjectsDrug dose levelsSignificant public health riskCannabis exposureDose studyDrug exposureSimulated environmentInfluence of cannabisSafe overtakingSingle acuteHigh doseSPSS v24Psychomotor functionComplex dayDriving functionsDose levelsHigh dosesSeparate daysPublic health riskOverall riskIntoxicated subjectsDoseThree timesNumerous metrics
2019
Acute Cannabis Toxicity.
Wong KU, Baum CR. Acute Cannabis Toxicity. Pediatric Emergency Care 2019, 35: 799-804. PMID: 31688799, DOI: 10.1097/pec.0000000000001970.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsPoison control center callsEmergency department visitsPublic health implicationsPediatric toxicityCannabis-containing productsRespiratory depressionDepartment visitsPediatric patientsCannabis exposureDrug exposureUnintentional ingestionCannabis intoxicationCannabis useHealth implicationsCenter callsCannabisMedicinal useExposurePatientsCliniciansIntoxicationVisitsIngestionCharacterizing psychosis-relevant phenomena and cognitive function in a unique population with isolated, chronic and very heavy cannabis exposure
D'Souza DC, Ganesh S, Cortes-Briones J, Campbell MH, Emmanuel MK. Characterizing psychosis-relevant phenomena and cognitive function in a unique population with isolated, chronic and very heavy cannabis exposure. Psychological Medicine 2019, 50: 2452-2459. PMID: 31615592, DOI: 10.1017/s0033291719002721.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsSchizotypal Personality QuestionnaireCognitive performanceCannabis exposureTests of attentionComputerized cognitive batteryVisuo-spatial processingHigher SPQ scoresSubstance use/misuseWorse cognitive performanceHeavy cannabis exposureLarge effect sizesUse/misuseCognitive flexibilityVerbal memoryCognitive batteryCognitive functioningPsychomotor speedSPQ scoresCognitive functionCognitive deficitsCannabis usersPersonality QuestionnaireCannabis useUse of cannabisEarly cannabis20. ELUCIDATING THE LINK BETWEEN CANNABIS USE AND PSYCHOSIS: FROM THE EXPOSOME AND PHENOME TO THE EPIGENOME AND RECEPTOME
Radhakrishnan R. 20. ELUCIDATING THE LINK BETWEEN CANNABIS USE AND PSYCHOSIS: FROM THE EXPOSOME AND PHENOME TO THE EPIGENOME AND RECEPTOME. Schizophrenia Bulletin 2019, 45: s121-s121. PMCID: PMC6455407, DOI: 10.1093/schbul/sbz022.079.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchFirst-episode psychosisCannabis useReceptor availabilityEU-GEIMeasures of information processingHealthy controlsEU-GEI studyCannabis use resultsPsychosis-spectrum disordersCannabis use disorderPhenotype of schizophreniaRelevant to psychosisRegular cannabis useBrain imaging studiesAssociated with schizophreniaAssessment of behaviorMulti-modal imaging studyPersistent psychosisPsychosis expressionCB1 receptorsCannabis exposureMemory encodingUse disorderPsychosisSchizophrenia
2018
Revisiting the Consequences of Adolescent Cannabinoid Exposure Through the Lens of the Endocannabinoid System
Ganesh S, Vidya K, Rashid A, Singh J, D’Souza D. Revisiting the Consequences of Adolescent Cannabinoid Exposure Through the Lens of the Endocannabinoid System. Current Addiction Reports 2018, 5: 418-427. DOI: 10.1007/s40429-018-0233-8.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchAdolescent cannabinoid exposureCannabinoid exposureEndocannabinoid systemHuman studiesAdolescent cannabis exposurePersistent consequencesPatterns of cannabisPotential molecular mechanismsExogenous cannabinoidsCannabis exposureSynaptic potentiationAnimal modelsAdolescent exposureConflicting resultsNeurodevelopmentExposureCannabinoidsMolecular mechanismsPlausible linkRecent studiesPersistent effectsCompelling evidenceCognitive consequencesFurther researchEpigenetic mechanismsThe Psychiatric Consequences of Cannabinoids
De Aquino JP, Sherif M, Radhakrishnan R, Cahill JD, Ranganathan M, D'Souza D. The Psychiatric Consequences of Cannabinoids. Clinical Therapeutics 2018, 40: 1448-1456. PMID: 29678279, DOI: 10.1016/j.clinthera.2018.03.013.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsPsychiatric effectsPsychiatric disordersPre-existing psychiatric disordersCannabis useLong-term brain changesRates of cannabisNegative psychiatric outcomesNegative psychiatric effectsDose-dependent effectPublic mental healthCannabinoid exposureWithdrawal syndromeCannabis exposureAcute effectsBrain changesMood disordersPsychiatric outcomesGeneral populationPsychomotor functionHealthy individualsMedical cannabisPsychiatric consequencesChronic exposureSignificant impairmentMental health
2017
Mechanisms Underlying Sex Differences in Cannabis Use
Calakos KC, Bhatt S, Foster DW, Cosgrove KP. Mechanisms Underlying Sex Differences in Cannabis Use. Current Addiction Reports 2017, 4: 439-453. PMID: 29503790, PMCID: PMC5828236, DOI: 10.1007/s40429-017-0174-7.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchFemale cannabis usersCannabis useCannabis usersCannabis exposureSocial anxiety disorderLarger amygdala volumesSymptoms of anxietyNeurobiological underpinningsCUD symptomsNeurobiological mechanismsAnxiety disordersBehavioral interventionsBrain structuresAmygdala volumeGender differencesFuture researchCUDDepressive symptomsPsychiatric symptomsSex differencesExposure effectsAnxietyIllicit substancesCannabisSchizophrenia
2014
Chapter Fourteen Cannabis, Cannabinoids, and the Association with Psychosis
Radhakrishnan R, Addy P, Sewell R, Skosnik P, Ranganathan M, D’Souza D. Chapter Fourteen Cannabis, Cannabinoids, and the Association with Psychosis. 2014, 423-474. DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-418679-8.00014-9.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchPsychotic disordersCannabis exposureComponent causesCannabinoid receptor functionDevelopment of schizophreniaHeavy cannabis exposurePublic health policyCannabinoid exposureTrigger relapsePsychophysiological deficitsCognitive symptomsReceptor functionSchizophreniaHealth policyCannabinoidsPsychosisCannabisLines of evidenceDisordersFurther studiesSymptomsBiological mechanismsExposureIndividual vulnerabilityCause
2010
Efeitos comportamentais, cognitivos e psicofisiológicos dos canabinoides: relevância para a psicose e a esquizofrenia
Sewell RA, Skosnik PD, Garcia-Sosa I, Ranganathan M, D'Souza DC. Efeitos comportamentais, cognitivos e psicofisiológicos dos canabinoides: relevância para a psicose e a esquizofrenia. Brazilian Journal Of Psychiatry 2010, 32: 515-530. PMID: 20512267, DOI: 10.1590/s1516-44462010000500005.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsPsychotic disordersCannabis exposureComponent causesCannabinoid receptor functionCauses of schizophreniaHeavy cannabis exposurePublic health policyCannabinoid exposureTrigger relapsePsychophysiological deficitsCognitive symptomsReceptor functionSchizophreniaHealth policyCannabinoidsLines of evidenceDisordersFurther studiesCannabisSymptomsPsychosisBiological mechanismsExposureIndividual vulnerabilityCause
2009
Adolescent cannabis use increases risk for cocaine-induced paranoia
Kalayasiri R, Gelernter J, Farrer L, Weiss R, Brady K, Gueorguieva R, Kranzler HR, Malison RT. Adolescent cannabis use increases risk for cocaine-induced paranoia. Drug And Alcohol Dependence 2009, 107: 196-201. PMID: 19944543, PMCID: PMC2821949, DOI: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2009.10.006.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAdolescentAdolescent BehaviorAge FactorsAge of OnsetCannabisCatechol O-MethyltransferaseCocaine-Related DisordersFemaleGene FrequencyGenetic Predisposition to DiseaseHumansLogistic ModelsMaleParanoid DisordersPolymerase Chain ReactionPrevalencePsychiatric Status Rating ScalesRisk FactorsSeverity of Illness IndexSiblingsUnited StatesConceptsAdolescent onset cannabisEarly cannabis exposureCocaine-dependent individualsCocaine-induced paranoiaCannabis exposureRisk factorsCOMT genotypeSemi-Structured AssessmentCatechol-O-methyl transferase (COMT) geneCOMT Val158Met genotypeCannabis abuseIncrease riskPsychotic symptomsOnset interactionPsychotic disordersStimulant abuseDrug dependenceFamily-based studyLogistic regressionEarly exposureAdolescent cannabisCannabisGenetic factorsSignificant predictorsVal158Met genotype
2008
The effects of cannabinoids on serum cortisol and prolactin in humans
Ranganathan M, Braley G, Pittman B, Cooper T, Perry E, Krystal J, D’Souza D. The effects of cannabinoids on serum cortisol and prolactin in humans. Psychopharmacology 2008, 203: 737. PMID: 19083209, PMCID: PMC2863108, DOI: 10.1007/s00213-008-1422-2.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsPlasma prolactin levelsPlasma cortisol levelsProlactin levelsNeuroendocrine effectsCannabis exposureHealthy controlsNeuroendocrine functionHormonal levelsCortisol levelsFrequent usersChronic cannabis exposureHealthy control subjectsDose-related increaseEffects of cannabinoidsBaseline hormonal levelsDose-related effectsDevelopment of toleranceLimited dose-response dataDose-dependent mannerBlunted increaseMultiple dosesControl subjectsSerum cortisolHormone levelsPlasma cortisol
2007
Cannabinoids and Psychosis
D'Souza DC. Cannabinoids and Psychosis. International Review Of Neurobiology 2007, 78: 289-326. PMID: 17349865, DOI: 10.1016/s0074-7742(06)78010-2.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsReceptor dysfunctionPsychotic disordersTransient psychotic symptomsRecent epidemiological studiesComponent causesRates of cannabisRates of schizophreniaCauses of schizophreniaWarrants further studyAcute psychosisLung cancerCannabis exposureCannabinoid functionHigh riskPsychotic symptomsEpidemiological studiesPeriod of intoxicationPsychosisAvailable evidenceSchizophreniaCannabinoidsGenetic riskBiological plausibilityFurther studiesDysfunction
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