2025
Early spontaneous resolution of vesicoureteral reflux from voiding cystourethrogram: a comparison of contemporary prediction models
Khondker A, Kim J, Arlen A, Rickard M, Chua M, Kirsch A, Lorenzo A, Cooper C. Early spontaneous resolution of vesicoureteral reflux from voiding cystourethrogram: a comparison of contemporary prediction models. Journal Of Pediatric Urology 2025 PMID: 40368726, DOI: 10.1016/j.jpurol.2025.04.030.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchUreteral diameter ratioFollow-up VCUGVesicoureteral reflux gradeVesicoureteral refluxAssociated with resolutionVUR resolutionSpontaneous resolution of vesicoureteral refluxResolution of vesicoureteral refluxDegree of VURResolved vesicoureteral refluxVesicoureteral reflux resolutionPrimary vesicoureteral refluxSpontaneous complete resolutionArea under the receiver-operatingImprove risk stratificationMultivariate logistic regressionAssociated with lower oddsVUR gradeVoiding cystourethrogramRenal scarringComplete resolutionRetrospective studyUreteral anomaliesClinical outcomesRisk stratification
2023
Changes in Autonomic Nervous System Activity in Children With Spina Bifida: A Case-Control Study
Kim B, Franco I, Lee Y, Han S, Kim S. Changes in Autonomic Nervous System Activity in Children With Spina Bifida: A Case-Control Study. International Neurourology Journal 2023, 27: 192-199. PMID: 37798886, PMCID: PMC10556434, DOI: 10.5213/inj.2346080.040.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchHeart rate variability parametersControl groupSpina bifidaNN intervalsAutonomic nervous system dysfunctionAutonomic nervous system activityBladder filling phaseVideo-urodynamic studyNervous system dysfunctionCase-control studyNervous system activityR interval differencesLF/HF valuesVariability parametersSympathetic preponderanceNeurogenic bladderUrodynamic studiesSympathetic activityVesicoureteral refluxSystem dysfunctionParasympathetic activityPatientsSpina bifida groupBladderBifidaVesicoureteral Reflux Current Care Trends and Future Possibilities
Bortnick E, Nelson C. Vesicoureteral Reflux Current Care Trends and Future Possibilities. Urologic Clinics Of North America 2023, 50: 391-402. PMID: 37385702, DOI: 10.1016/j.ucl.2023.04.003.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchSpontaneous vesicoureteral reflux resolution curves based on ureteral diameter ratio
Arlen A, Leong T, Kirsch A, Cooper C. Spontaneous vesicoureteral reflux resolution curves based on ureteral diameter ratio. Journal Of Pediatric Urology 2023, 19: 468.e1-468.e6. PMID: 37188603, DOI: 10.1016/j.jpurol.2023.04.028.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsUreteral diameter ratioUrinary tract infectionPrimary vesicoureteral refluxVesicoureteral refluxSpontaneous resolutionRisk groupsBreakthrough febrile urinary tract infectionDistal ureteral diameter ratioFebrile urinary tract infectionLargest ureteral diameterObjective prognostic informationGrade of refluxHigh-risk patientsLow-risk patientsHigh-risk groupLow-risk groupLow-risk childrenVUR resolutionPrimary refluxProphylactic antibioticsVUR gradeConservative managementPersistent refluxRisk patientsTract infectionsRare Single Nucleotide and Copy Number Variants and the Etiology of Congenital Obstructive Uropathy: Implications for Genetic Diagnosis
Ahram D, Lim T, Ke J, Jin G, Verbitsky M, Bodria M, Kil B, Chatterjee D, Piva S, Marasa M, Zhang J, Cocchi E, Caridi G, Gucev Z, Lozanovski V, Pisani I, Izzi C, Savoldi G, Gnutti B, Capone V, Morello W, Guarino S, Esposito P, Lambert S, Radhakrishnan J, Appel G, Uy N, Rao M, Canetta P, Bomback A, Nestor J, Hays T, Cohen D, Finale C, van Wijk J, La Scola C, Baraldi O, Tondolo F, Di Renzo D, Jamry-Dziurla A, Pezzutto A, Manca V, Mitrotti A, Santoro D, Conti G, Martino M, Giordano M, Gesualdo L, Zibar L, Masnata G, Bonomini M, Alberti D, La Manna G, Caliskan Y, Ranghino A, Marzuillo P, Kiryluk K, Krzemień G, Miklaszewska M, Lin F, Montini G, Scolari F, Fiaccadori E, Arapović A, Saraga M, McKiernan J, Alam S, Zaniew M, Szczepańska M, Szmigielska A, Sikora P, Drożdż D, Mizerska-Wasiak M, Mane S, Lifton R, Tasic V, Latos-Bielenska A, Gharavi A, Ghiggeri G, Materna-Kiryluk A, Westland R, Sanna-Cherchi S. Rare Single Nucleotide and Copy Number Variants and the Etiology of Congenital Obstructive Uropathy: Implications for Genetic Diagnosis. Journal Of The American Society Of Nephrology 2023, 34: 1105-1119. PMID: 36995132, PMCID: PMC10278788, DOI: 10.1681/asn.0000000000000132.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsCongenital obstructive uropathyPathogenic single nucleotide variantsOverall diagnostic yieldHeterogeneous clinical presentationSingle nucleotide variantsObstructive uropathyClinical presentationDiagnostic yieldGenomic disordersDevelopmental defectsUreteropelvic junction obstructionComprehensive genomic screensFirst diagnostic approachSignificant differencesGenetic susceptibility factorsNovel genetic susceptibility factorsCommon molecular basisDosage-sensitive genesVesicoureteral refluxCongenital megaureterUrinary tractJunction obstructionDiagnostic challengeCommon causeHuman developmental defects
2022
Transurethral resection of posterior urethral valves
Arlen A. Transurethral resection of posterior urethral valves. Urology Video Journal 2022, 15: 100165. DOI: 10.1016/j.urolvj.2022.100165.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchPosterior urethral valvesUrethral valvesVesicoureteral refluxLower urinary tract obstructionBladder neck hypertrophyBladder wall thickeningUpper tract dilationStage renal diseaseUrinary tract obstructionFetal development resultsTract obstructionRenal diseaseTransurethral resectionDetrusor hypertrophyTract dilationPosterior urethraCommon causeWall thickeningMost valvesHypertrophyDilationValveResectionUrethraObstructionFeasibility of establishing a multi-center research database using the electronic health record: The PURSUIT network
Vemulakonda VM, Janzen N, Hittelman AB, Deakyne Davies S, Sevick C, Richardson AC, Schissel J, Dash D, Hintz R, Grider R, Adams P, Buck M, King J, Ewing E, Beltran G, Corbett S, Chiang G. Feasibility of establishing a multi-center research database using the electronic health record: The PURSUIT network. Journal Of Pediatric Urology 2022, 18: 788.e1-788.e8. PMID: 35644792, DOI: 10.1016/j.jpurol.2022.05.004.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsManual chart reviewChart reviewMulti-centre researchEligible patientsClinic visitsStructured data elementsRadiology resultsElectronic health record toolsInitial clinic visitPediatric urology practiceElectronic health recordsActive medicationClinic encountersRenal ultrasoundVesicoureteral refluxCongenital hydronephrosisStudy criteriaOperative notesUrology practicePrior historyEpic EHRPhysician documentationResearch DatabasePhysician utilizationPatients
2020
Endoscopic Treatment of Vesicoureteral Reflux
Arlen A, Kirsch A. Endoscopic Treatment of Vesicoureteral Reflux. 2020, 243-249. DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-57219-8_17.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchVesicoureteral refluxUreteral reimplantationContinuous low-dose antibiotic prophylaxisLow-dose antibiotic prophylaxisDextranomer hyaluronic acidPrimary vesicoureteral refluxDouble hydrodistention implantation techniqueInjectable bulking agentHydrodistention implantation techniqueSubureteric injectionUreteral hydrodistentionAntibiotic prophylaxisTeflon pasteEndoscopic correctionEndoscopic treatmentPatient morbidityRecurrence rateOnly FDASubmucosal planeReimplantationImplantation techniqueAmbulatory natureRefluxImproved successHyaluronic acidPredictive factors for bacteremia in febrile infants with urinary tract infection
Yoon S, Shin H, Lee K, Kim M, Kim D, Ahn J, Shin J. Predictive factors for bacteremia in febrile infants with urinary tract infection. Scientific Reports 2020, 10: 4469. PMID: 32161316, PMCID: PMC7066144, DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-61421-4.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsBacteremic urinary tract infectionUrinary tract infectionC-reactive proteinNon-bacteremic urinary tract infectionPresence of vesicoureteral refluxVesicoureteral refluxFebrile infantsTract infectionsBlood urea nitrogenPredictive factorsCulture-proven urinary tract infectionFebrile urinary tract infectionLevels of C-reactive proteinC-reactive protein levelsC-reactive protein valuesEvaluating vesicoureteral refluxMultivariate logistic regression analysisLow platelet countDelta neutrophil indexRetrospective cohort studyUnivariate logistic analysisReceiver operating characteristic curveLogistic regression analysisConcomitant bacteremiaUTI groupChapter 9 Ureteropyelostomy and ureteroureterostomy
Cooper C, Arlen A. Chapter 9 Ureteropyelostomy and ureteroureterostomy. 2020, 109-116. DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-817888-1.00009-4.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchUrinary tract infectionVesicoureteral refluxClinical courseUreteral duplicationLower pole vesicoureteral refluxMesonephric ductChild's clinical courseLower pole systemPresence of refluxMaintenance of continenceUpper pole moietyComplete ureteral duplicationUreteric budRenal functionTract infectionsSurgical morbidityWeigert-Meyer lawUpper poleUreterocele punctureLower poleReconstructive alternativeUreteroceleAbnormal branchingRefluxParental preferences
2019
Ureteric Duplication
Arlen A, Kirsch A. Ureteric Duplication. Springer Surgery Atlas Series 2019, 535-541. DOI: 10.1007/978-3-662-56282-6_62.Peer-Reviewed Original Research
2018
Impact of continuous low-dose antibiotic prophylaxis on growth in children with vesicoureteral reflux
Guidos P, Arlen A, Leong T, Bonnett M, Cooper C. Impact of continuous low-dose antibiotic prophylaxis on growth in children with vesicoureteral reflux. Journal Of Pediatric Urology 2018, 14: 325.e1-325.e7. PMID: 30181099, DOI: 10.1016/j.jpurol.2018.07.007.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsContinuous antibiotic prophylaxisBody mass indexPrior treatment coursesPrior antibiotic useAntibiotic prophylaxisVesicoureteral refluxBMI percentileYears of ageTreatment courseMass indexAntibiotic useHeight percentilesContinuous low-dose antibiotic prophylaxisUse of CAPLow-dose antibiotic prophylaxisPrior antibiotic usageSignificant BMI increaseMainstay of treatmentUrinary tract infectionPrimary vesicoureteral refluxSignificant increaseUse of antibioticsBreakthrough infectionsEffects of antibioticsTract infectionsD-dimer as a marker of acute pyelonephritis in infants younger than 24 months with urinary tract infection
Lee J, Her S, Kim J, Lee K, Eisenhut M, Park S, Shin J. D-dimer as a marker of acute pyelonephritis in infants younger than 24 months with urinary tract infection. Pediatric Nephrology 2018, 33: 631-637. PMID: 29306986, DOI: 10.1007/s00467-017-3843-9.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsUrinary tract infectionFebrile urinary tract infectionLower UTI groupAcute pyelonephritisVesicoureteral refluxD-dimerArea under the curveInflammatory markersReceiver Operating CharacteristicUTI groupTract infectionsBiomarkers related to coagulationPredictive of vesicoureteric refluxPresence of vesicoureteral refluxAcute pyelonephritis groupsPredicting acute pyelonephritisSerum D-dimerConventional inflammatory markersPredicting vesicoureteral refluxD-dimer levelsDiagnosing acute pyelonephritisSevere bacterial infectionsMultiple logistic regression analysisLogistic regression analysisBackgroundD-dimer
2017
Endoscopic Treatment of Vesicoureteral Reflux
Arlen A, Kirsch A. Endoscopic Treatment of Vesicoureteral Reflux. Current Bladder Dysfunction Reports 2017, 12: 217-224. DOI: 10.1007/s11884-017-0431-6.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchPrimary vesicoureteral refluxVesicoureteral refluxRenal scarringClinical courseRecurrent febrile urinary tract infectionsFebrile urinary tract infectionLaparoscopic/robotic approachChild's clinical courseContinuous antibiotic prophylaxisUltimate success rateUrinary tract infectionMajority of childrenInvasive surgical proceduresAntibiotic prophylaxisEfficacy rateEndoscopic injectionPersistent refluxReflux gradeTract infectionsEndoscopic correctionEndoscopic treatmentSurgical repairRecurrent infectionsSurgical interventionSurgical correctionGenetics of vesicoureteral reflux and congenital anomalies of the kidney and urinary tract
Lee K, Gee H, Shin J. Genetics of vesicoureteral reflux and congenital anomalies of the kidney and urinary tract. Investigative And Clinical Urology 2017, 58: s4-s13. PMID: 28612055, PMCID: PMC5468264, DOI: 10.4111/icu.2017.58.s1.s4.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsVesicoureteral refluxUrinary tractPathogenesis of CAKUTGenetic architectureCongenital anomaliesGenetic basisDefinition of congenital anomaliesSignaling pathwayDevelopmental processesPhenotypic heterogeneityGenetic penetrancePediatric chronic kidney diseaseChronic kidney diseaseStructural malformationsCAKUTKidney diseaseKidneyDiseaseTractPathogenesisGeneticsRefluxMalformationsHospital-acquired Urinary Tract Infections in Neonatal ICU Patients: Is Voiding Cystourethrogram Necessary?
Asghar AM, Leong T, Cooper CS, Arlen AM. Hospital-acquired Urinary Tract Infections in Neonatal ICU Patients: Is Voiding Cystourethrogram Necessary? Urology 2017, 105: 163-166. PMID: 28408336, DOI: 10.1016/j.urology.2017.04.002.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsUrinary tract infectionHospital-acquired urinary tract infectionsEffect of ageTract infectionsNICU patientsVesicoureteral refluxUltrasound resultsNeonatal intensive care unit patientsIntensive care unit patientsNeonatal ICU patientsMean gestational ageCare unit patientsMean of ageCoagulase-negative staphylococciNICU admissionRetroperitoneal ultrasoundUTI increasesPatient characteristicsUnit patientsICU patientsGestational ageImaging findingsUrine cultureRadiographic findingsAbnormal ultrasoundValidation of the ureteral diameter ratio for predicting early spontaneous resolution of primary vesicoureteral reflux
Arlen AM, Kirsch AJ, Leong T, Cooper CS. Validation of the ureteral diameter ratio for predicting early spontaneous resolution of primary vesicoureteral reflux. Journal Of Pediatric Urology 2017, 13: 383.e1-383.e6. PMID: 28256423, DOI: 10.1016/j.jpurol.2017.01.012.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsPrimary vesicoureteral refluxUreteral diameter ratioVesicoureteral refluxReflux gradeSpontaneous resolutionVUR gradeMultivariable modelUreteral diameterDistal ureteral diameter ratioGrade of VURLargest ureteral diameterPersistent vesicoureteral refluxVesicoureteral reflux gradeGrade of refluxImportant prognostic factorSpontaneous resolution rateValuable prognostic informationL3 vertebral bodyUnit increaseExternal validation studyHighest likelihood ratioVUR timingPersistent diseasePrimary outcomePrognostic factorsThe value of delta neutrophil index in young infants with febrile urinary tract infection
Lee J, Kim S, Park S, Lee K, Park J, Kronbichler A, Eisenhut M, Kim J, Lee J, Shin J. The value of delta neutrophil index in young infants with febrile urinary tract infection. Scientific Reports 2017, 7: 41265. PMID: 28169298, PMCID: PMC5294644, DOI: 10.1038/srep41265.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsUrinary tract infectionDelta neutrophil indexAcute pyelonephritisVesicoureteral refluxTract infectionsNeutrophil indexFebrile urinary tract infectionDiagnosis of vesicoureteral refluxFraction of circulating immature granulocytesMultiple logistic-regression analysisConventional inflammatory markersDimercaptosuccinic acidSevere bacterial infectionsLogistic-regression analysisReceiver Operating CharacteristicInflammatory markersPredictive factorsImmature granulocytesSeptic conditionsYoung infantsConventional markersBacterial infectionsDiagnostic markerROC curveInfection
2016
Vesicoureteral Reflux Index: Predicting Primary Vesicoureteral Reflux Resolution in Children Diagnosed after Age 24 Months
Garcia-Roig M, Ridley DE, McCracken C, Arlen AM, Cooper CS, Kirsch AJ. Vesicoureteral Reflux Index: Predicting Primary Vesicoureteral Reflux Resolution in Children Diagnosed after Age 24 Months. Journal Of Urology 2016, 197: 1150-1157. PMID: 27939835, DOI: 10.1016/j.juro.2016.12.008.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsResolution/improvementAge 24 monthsReflux indexIndex scoreReflux gradeUreteral abnormalitiesImprovement/resolutionVesicoureteral reflux gradeGrade of improvementHigh grade refluxPrimary vesicoureteral refluxMedian resolution timesProportional subdistribution hazards modelSubdistribution hazard modelVesicoureteral reflux resolutionGrade refluxDifferent time pointsSD ageLatest followupVesicoureteral refluxReflux resolutionVoiding cystourethrogramFemale genderInclusion criteriaDiagnosis increasesInter-rater reliability of distal ureteral diameter ratio compared to grade of VUR
Swanton A, Arlen A, Alexander S, Kieran K, Storm D, Cooper C. Inter-rater reliability of distal ureteral diameter ratio compared to grade of VUR. Journal Of Pediatric Urology 2016, 13: 207.e1-207.e5. PMID: 28089295, DOI: 10.1016/j.jpurol.2016.10.021.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsUreteral diameter ratioDistal ureteral diameter ratioVesicoureteral refluxVUR gradeInter-rater reliabilityReflux gradePediatric urologistsGrade of VURGrading of VURLargest ureteral diameterHigh grade refluxImportant prognostic factorPrimary vesicoureteral refluxConfidence intervalsSignificant inter-rater variabilityGood inter-rater reliabilityPrognostic factorsClinical courseClinical outcomesPredictive factorsRenal unitsUreteral diameterInter-rater agreementSpontaneous resolutionBlinded fashion
This site is protected by hCaptcha and its Privacy Policy and Terms of Service apply