2024
Observational Behavioral Coding in the Pediatric Emergency Department: Development of the Emergency Department Child Behavior Coding System
Martin S, Heyming T, Valdez B, Salas L, Cohen L, Fortier M, Lee K, Kaplan S, Kain Z. Observational Behavioral Coding in the Pediatric Emergency Department: Development of the Emergency Department Child Behavior Coding System. Journal Of Emergency Medicine 2024, 67: e50-e59. PMID: 38821846, PMCID: PMC11181611, DOI: 10.1016/j.jemermed.2024.01.019.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchInter-rater reliabilityPediatric emergency departmentEmergency departmentConcurrent validityChild distressED proceduresExcellent inter-rater reliabilityEffectiveness of interventionsBehavioral assessment toolsChildren aged 2Multidisciplinary expert panelED painBehavioral coding systemInter-raterExpert panelAssessment toolDistressBehavioral targetsAged 2FLACC scoresInterventionPainCoding systemDepartmentChildren
2023
Neighborhood disadvantage and pediatric inpatient opioid prescription patterns
Kranjac A, Kranjac D, Kain Z, Ehwerhemuepha L, Donaldson C, Jenkins B. Neighborhood disadvantage and pediatric inpatient opioid prescription patterns. Journal Of Pediatric Nursing 2023, 72: e145-e151. PMID: 37344343, DOI: 10.1016/j.pedn.2023.06.021.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsOpioid prescription patternsPrescription patternsPediatric patientsOpioid Prescribing PatternsPatient's individual profileElectronic medical recordsOpioid prescriptionsPrescribing patternsMedical recordsNeighborhood disadvantageGreater likelihoodOpioidsPatientsNeighborhood environmentLatinx sampleChildrenHigh levelsDiverse sampleIndividual profiles
2022
Perioperative pain disparity in children: A call for action
Tan H, Mendoza BA, Fortier MA, Kain Z. Perioperative pain disparity in children: A call for action. Pediatric Anesthesia 2022, 32: 1365-1367. PMID: 36114806, DOI: 10.1111/pan.14557.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsPain disparitiesOptimal perioperative carePerioperative pain managementWorse clinical outcomesRandomized control trialHealth services researchPain managementPerioperative careClinical outcomesSurgical proceduresControl trialClinical practiceEthnic disparitiesMedical literatureDisparities researchPatientsServices researchChildrenPaucity of researchPresent reviewUnited StatesDisparitiesHealthcare managementSystems-based approachUrgent needThe role of parental health and distress in assessing children’s health status
Kaplan SH, Shaughnessy M, Fortier MA, Vivero-Montemayor M, Masague SG, Hayes D, Stern H, Dai M, Heim L, Kain Z. The role of parental health and distress in assessing children’s health status. Quality Of Life Research 2022, 31: 3403-3412. PMID: 35876948, PMCID: PMC9587925, DOI: 10.1007/s11136-022-03186-z.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsChild healthHealth statusFamily-centered pediatric careChild health statusPersonal healthParental distressEffective clinical managementQuality of lifeYoung children's healthPerioperative periodPediatric hospitalClinical managementGeneral healthPediatric careHealth settingsPoor personal healthHealth problemsPurposeThe purposeParental healthMental healthResultsOn averageBaseline dataLongitudinal studyParent-report measuresChildren
2019
3 Perioperative Behavioral Stress in Children
Gulur P, Fortier M, Mayes L, Kain Z. 3 Perioperative Behavioral Stress in Children. 2019, 25-34.e3. DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-323-42974-0.00003-3.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchPerioperative behaviorChildren's preoperative anxietyPreoperative anxietyChild's perioperative experienceExperiences of childrenDevelopmental considerationsChildren's responsesEmotional factorsDevelopmental factorsAnxietyEffective interventionsBehavioral stressChildrenExperiencePerioperative experiencePerioperative fieldHigh levelsBehavioral recoveryIntervention
2008
Development of a Brief Behavioral Intervention for Children's Anxiety at Anesthesia Induction
MacLaren J, Kain Z. Development of a Brief Behavioral Intervention for Children's Anxiety at Anesthesia Induction. Children's Health Care 2008, 37: 196-209. DOI: 10.1080/02739610802151522.Peer-Reviewed Original Research
2001
Sensory Stimuli and Anxiety in Children Undergoing Surgery: A Randomized, Controlled Trial
Kain Z, Wang S, Mayes L, Krivutza D, Teague B. Sensory Stimuli and Anxiety in Children Undergoing Surgery: A Randomized, Controlled Trial. Anesthesia & Analgesia 2001, 92: 897-903. PMID: 11273921, DOI: 10.1097/00000539-200104000-00018.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsInduction of anesthesiaChildren Undergoing SurgeryPostoperative day 1Postoperative behavioral changesSensory stimuliPost Hospitalization Behavior QuestionnaireUndergoing surgeryBehavioral recoveryIncreased complianceStimulation groupDay 1AnesthesiaControl groupAnesthesia maskOperating room lightsSurgeryAnxiety of childrenBehavioral interventionsOperating roomChildrenBehavioral changesExhibit low levelsBehavior QuestionnaireInductionAnxiety
2000
Social adaptability, cognitive abilities, and other predictors for children’s reactions to surgery
Kain Z, Mayes L, Weisman S, Hofstadter M. Social adaptability, cognitive abilities, and other predictors for children’s reactions to surgery. Journal Of Clinical Anesthesia 2000, 12: 549-554. PMID: 11137417, DOI: 10.1016/s0952-8180(00)00214-2.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsCognitive abilitiesSocial adaptabilityParental anxietyPerioperative anxietyGroup of childrenChild temperamentChildren's reactionsAnxious parentsCorrelational analysisParental stateAdaptive behaviorPersonality characteristicsHigh intelligenceAnxietyAge 3TemperamentChildrenStylePredictorsSurgical childrenPersonalityAbilityRegression analysisHigh levelsIntelligenceParental Presence and a Sedative Premedicant for Children Undergoing Surgery
Kain Z, Mayes L, Wang S, Caramico L, Krivutza D, Hofstadter M. Parental Presence and a Sedative Premedicant for Children Undergoing Surgery. Anesthesiology 2000, 92: 939-946. PMID: 10754612, DOI: 10.1097/00000542-200004000-00010.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsPPIA groupSedative groupOverall careParental presenceParental satisfactionOperating roomParental anxietyInduction of anesthesiaPrimary endpointSecondary endpointsPerioperative periodOral midazolamOral sedativesPreoperative anxietySedative premedicantsAnesthesia maskChildrenSedativesAnxietyAdditive effectChild anxietyEndpointCareStandardized measuresIntervention
1999
Guidelines for the Pediatric Perioperative Anesthesia Environment
Hackel A, Badgwell J, Binding R, Dahm L, Dunbar B, Fischer C, Geiduschek J, Gunter J, Gutierrez-Mazzora J, Kain Z, Liu L, Means L, Myer P, Morray J, Polaner D, Striker T. Guidelines for the Pediatric Perioperative Anesthesia Environment. Pediatrics 1999, 103: 512-515. PMID: 9925855, DOI: 10.1542/peds.103.2.512.Peer-Reviewed Original Research
1998
Parental Presence during Induction of Anesthesia versus Sedative Premedication
Kain Z, Mayes L, Wang S, Caramico L, Hofstadter M. Parental Presence during Induction of Anesthesia versus Sedative Premedication. Anesthesiology 1998, 89: 1147-1156. PMID: 9822003, DOI: 10.1097/00000542-199811000-00015.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsInduction of anesthesiaMidazolam groupControl groupParental presenceOral midazolamEnd pointParental presence groupPrimary end pointSecondary end pointsParental anxiety scoresPerioperative periodPreoperative periodPreoperative anxietySedative premedicationAnesthesia maskAnesthesiaMidazolamOperating roomAnxiety scoresParent anxietyChildrenLess anxietyInterventionAnxietyInduction
1997
Premedication in the United States: A Status Report
Kain Z, Mayes L, Bell C, Weisman S, Hofstadter M, Rimar S. Premedication in the United States: A Status Report. Anesthesia & Analgesia 1997, 84: 427. DOI: 10.1213/00000539-199702000-00035.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsSedative premedicationUse of premedicationHealth maintenance organization (HMO) penetrationYears of ageAge 3 yearsIndependent predictorsMultivariable analysisAnesthetic careSedative drugsPremedicationPhysician membersSedative premedicantsAge groupsLack of consensusPremedicantAdultsAmerican SocietyAnesthesiologistsHMO penetrationChildrenHMO participationUnited StatesSurvey studyMarked variationQuestionnairePremedication in the United States
Kain Z, Mayes L, Bell C, Weisman S, Hofstadter M, Rimar S. Premedication in the United States. Anesthesia & Analgesia 1997, 84: 427-432.. PMID: 9024042, DOI: 10.1097/00000539-199702000-00035.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsSedative premedicationUse of premedicationHealth maintenance organization (HMO) penetrationYears of ageAge 3 yearsIndependent predictorsMultivariable analysisAnesthetic careSedative drugsPremedicationPhysician membersSedative premedicantsAge groupsLack of consensusPremedicantAdultsAmerican SocietyAnesthesiologistsHMO penetrationChildrenHMO participationUnited StatesSurvey studyMarked variationQuestionnaire
1996
Preoperative preparation in children: A cross-sectional study
Kain Z, Mayes L, Caramico L. Preoperative preparation in children: A cross-sectional study. Journal Of Clinical Anesthesia 1996, 8: 508-514. PMID: 8872693, DOI: 10.1016/0952-8180(96)00115-8.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsCross-sectional studyPrevious hospitalizationPreoperative preparation programChild's ageMultivariable regression analysisAnxiety responsesPediatric outpatientsElective surgeryIndependent predictorsChildren's HospitalOutpatient surgeryPreoperative preparationAge of childrenPreoperative programSurgeryOperating roomOverall anxietyAgeHospitalizationChildrenRegression analysisHospitalPredictorsAnxietyInterventionParental Presence during Induction of Anesthesia
Kain Z, Mayes L, Caramico L, Silver D, Spieker M, Nygren M, Anderson G, Rimar S. Parental Presence during Induction of Anesthesia. Anesthesiology 1996, 84: 1060-1067. PMID: 8623999, DOI: 10.1097/00000542-199605000-00007.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsInduction of anesthesiaSerum cortisol concentrationsLow baseline levelsParental presencePhysiologic measuresBaseline levelsCortisol concentrationsPreoperative behavioral interventionsMultivariate linear regression analysisOutpatient surgeryIntervention groupLinear regression analysisControl groupParent-absent groupBaseline temperamentAnesthesiaBehavioral interventionsChild's ageSignificant differencesChildrenRegression analysisInterventionLow trait anxietyTrait anxietyAnxiety
1995
Management of Chronic Pain In Children
Kain Z, Rimar S. Management of Chronic Pain In Children. Pediatrics In Review 1995, 16: 218-222. PMID: 7596918, DOI: 10.1542/pir.16-6-218.Peer-Reviewed Original Research
1994
A First-Pass Cost Analysis of Propofol Versus Barbiturates for Children Undergoing Magnetic Resonance Imaging.
Kain Z, Gaal D, Kain T, Jaeger D, Rimar S. A First-Pass Cost Analysis of Propofol Versus Barbiturates for Children Undergoing Magnetic Resonance Imaging. Anesthesia & Analgesia 1994, 79: 1102. PMID: 7978432, DOI: 10.1213/00000539-199412000-00013.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsMagnetic resonance imagingGroup IClinical dataGroup IIResonance imagingIndependent blinded observersPostanesthesia recovery scoresThiopental dosesAdequate sedationIntravenous propofolPropofol infusionPatient morbidityTime of recoveryOutpatient procedureNursing timeDrug costsRecovery scoresBlinded observersMRI scansAnesthesia servicesPropofolMRI centersFull consciousnessChildrenBarbiturates