2024
Insights From Omics in Lyme Disease
Bockenstedt L, Belperron A. Insights From Omics in Lyme Disease. The Journal Of Infectious Diseases 2024, 230: s18-s26. PMID: 39140719, DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jiae250.Peer-Reviewed Original Research
2019
Vertical transmission rates of Borrelia miyamotoi in Ixodes scapularis collected from white-tailed deer
Han S, Lubelczyk C, Hickling GJ, Belperron AA, Bockenstedt LK, Tsao JI. Vertical transmission rates of Borrelia miyamotoi in Ixodes scapularis collected from white-tailed deer. Ticks And Tick-borne Diseases 2019, 10: 682-689. PMID: 30846418, PMCID: PMC6551370, DOI: 10.1016/j.ttbdis.2019.02.014.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsVertical transmission rateB. miyamotoiBorrelia miyamotoiBorrelia miyamotoi diseaseHunter-harvested white-tailed deerTransovarial transmission ratesInfected female ticksMiyamotoi infectionB. burgdorferi sensu strictoBurgdorferi sensu strictoInfection prevalenceI. scapularisHuman hostIxodes ricinus complexMiyamotoiLarval I. scapularisWhite-tailed deerLyme borreliaeFever spirochetesFurther investigation
2017
Two Photon Intravital Microscopy of Lyme Borrelia in Mice
Belperron AA, Mao J, Bockenstedt LK. Two Photon Intravital Microscopy of Lyme Borrelia in Mice. Methods In Molecular Biology 2017, 1690: 279-290. PMID: 29032551, DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-7383-5_20.Peer-Reviewed Original Research
2016
Radical cure of experimental babesiosis in immunodeficient mice using a combination of an endochin-like quinolone and atovaquone
Lawres LA, Garg A, Kumar V, Bruzual I, Forquer IP, Renard I, Virji AZ, Boulard P, Rodriguez EX, Allen AJ, Pou S, Wegmann KW, Winter RW, Nilsen A, Mao J, Preston DA, Belperron AA, Bockenstedt LK, Hinrichs DJ, Riscoe MK, Doggett JS, Mamoun C. Radical cure of experimental babesiosis in immunodeficient mice using a combination of an endochin-like quinolone and atovaquone. Journal Of Experimental Medicine 2016, 213: 1307-1318. PMID: 27270894, PMCID: PMC4925016, DOI: 10.1084/jem.20151519.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsExperimental babesiosisHuman babesiosisImmunodeficient miceRadical cureELQ-334Discontinuation of therapyFuture clinical evaluationEndochin-like quinolonesVivo efficacy studiesAdverse side effectsRecrudescent parasitesMost clinical casesCombination therapyMultisystem diseaseClinical evaluationComplete clearanceCurrent treatmentDrug combinationsDrug failureSide effectsExcellent growth inhibitory activityEfficacy studiesClinical casesGrowth inhibitory activityAtovaquone
2014
Borrelia burgdorferi Promotes the Establishment of Babesia microti in the Northeastern United States
Dunn JM, Krause PJ, Davis S, Vannier EG, Fitzpatrick MC, Rollend L, Belperron AA, States SL, Stacey A, Bockenstedt LK, Fish D, Diuk-Wasser MA. Borrelia burgdorferi Promotes the Establishment of Babesia microti in the Northeastern United States. PLOS ONE 2014, 9: e115494. PMID: 25545393, PMCID: PMC4278703, DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0115494.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsB. microtiB. burgdorferiBabesia microtiLyme diseaseRespective causative agentsSpread of babesiosisI. scapularis larvaeInfected micePrimary reservoir hostHigh prevalenceLeucopus miceMiceHuman babesiosisBorrelia burgdorferiLaboratory dataLarval burdenCausative agentMicrotiBurgdorferiCoinfectionReservoir hostsDiseaseR0 modelBasic reproduction numberEnzootic cycleDual role for Fcγ receptors in host defense and disease in Borrelia burgdorferi-infected mice
Belperron AA, Liu N, Booth CJ, Bockenstedt LK. Dual role for Fcγ receptors in host defense and disease in Borrelia burgdorferi-infected mice. Frontiers In Cellular And Infection Microbiology 2014, 4: 75. PMID: 24967215, PMCID: PMC4052197, DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2014.00075.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsInnate immune cellsWild-type miceB. burgdorferi infectionB. burgdorferi-infected miceBurgdorferi-infected miceImmune cellsBurgdorferi infectionType micePathogen burdenHost defenseFc receptor common gamma chainIgG-mediated clearanceC-reactive proteinBorrelia burgdorferiToll-Like Receptor InteractionsSingle knockout miceCommon gamma chainAcute phaseInfected jointsArthritis severityMolecule MyD88Inflammatory cytokinesInflammatory pathwaysIL-1betaReactive proteinWhat ticks do under your skin: two-photon intravital imaging of Ixodes scapularis feeding in the presence of the lyme disease spirochete.
Bockenstedt LK, Gonzalez D, Mao J, Li M, Belperron AA, Haberman A. What ticks do under your skin: two-photon intravital imaging of Ixodes scapularis feeding in the presence of the lyme disease spirochete. The Yale Journal Of Biology And Medicine 2014, 87: 3-13. PMID: 24600332, PMCID: PMC3941458.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAnimalsArachnid VectorsBorrelia burgdorferiFeeding BehaviorGreen Fluorescent ProteinsHost-Parasite InteractionsHost-Pathogen InteractionsIxodesLyme DiseaseMiceMice, Inbred BALB CMice, Inbred C57BLMice, KnockoutMicroscopy, ConfocalMicroscopy, Electron, ScanningMicroscopy, Fluorescence, MultiphotonNymphSkinTick InfestationsTime Factors
2012
Spirochete antigens persist near cartilage after murine Lyme borreliosis therapy
Bockenstedt LK, Gonzalez DG, Haberman AM, Belperron AA. Spirochete antigens persist near cartilage after murine Lyme borreliosis therapy. Journal Of Clinical Investigation 2012, 122: 2652-2660. PMID: 22728937, PMCID: PMC3386809, DOI: 10.1172/jci58813.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAnimalsAnti-Bacterial AgentsAntigens, BacterialArthritis, InfectiousBacterial LoadBorrelia burgdorferiCartilageCeftriaxoneDoxycyclineEar, ExternalFemaleFluorescence Recovery After PhotobleachingGreen Fluorescent ProteinsJoint CapsuleLyme DiseaseMiceMice, Inbred C3HMice, Inbred C57BLMice, KnockoutMicroscopy, Fluorescence, MultiphotonMyeloid Differentiation Factor 88PatellaRecombinant ProteinsConceptsNaive miceAntibiotic treatmentIntravital microscopyAntibiotic-refractory Lyme arthritisLyme diseaseTNF-α productionBorrelia burgdorferi antigensB. burgdorferi antigensSpirochete antigenTLR responsivenessInflammatory arthritisAntibiotic therapyLyme arthritisWT miceMusculoskeletal symptomsAntigens persistSlow resolutionImmunodeficient miceMouse modelTissue transplantsPathogen burdenSpirochete DNAInfectious spirochetesLyme borreliosisMiceThe heterogeneous motility of the Lyme disease spirochete in gelatin mimics dissemination through tissue
Harman MW, Dunham-Ems SM, Caimano MJ, Belperron AA, Bockenstedt LK, Fu HC, Radolf JD, Wolgemuth CW. The heterogeneous motility of the Lyme disease spirochete in gelatin mimics dissemination through tissue. Proceedings Of The National Academy Of Sciences Of The United States Of America 2012, 109: 3059-3064. PMID: 22315410, PMCID: PMC3286914, DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1114362109.Peer-Reviewed Original Research
2009
The Caspase 1 Inflammasome Is Not Required for Control of Murine Lyme Borreliosis
Liu N, Belperron AA, Booth CJ, Bockenstedt LK. The Caspase 1 Inflammasome Is Not Required for Control of Murine Lyme Borreliosis. Infection And Immunity 2009, 77: 3320-3327. PMID: 19487481, PMCID: PMC2715671, DOI: 10.1128/iai.00100-09.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsCaspase-1 inflammasomeCaspase-1Immune responseHost defenseLyme borreliosisToll-like receptor-mediated responsesDay 14 postinfectionPrevalence of arthritisT cell responsesApoptosis-associated speck-like proteinMild transient elevationBorrelia burgdorferiMurine Lyme borreliosisReceptor-mediated responsesCaspase-1 deficiencyC-terminal caspase recruitment domainSpeck-like proteinAbility of macrophagesEnzyme caspase-1IL-18Humoral immunityInterleukin-1betaTransient elevationPathogen burdenInflammasome
2007
Marginal Zone B-Cell Depletion Impairs Murine Host Defense against Borrelia burgdorferi Infection
Belperron AA, Dailey CM, Booth CJ, Bockenstedt LK. Marginal Zone B-Cell Depletion Impairs Murine Host Defense against Borrelia burgdorferi Infection. Infection And Immunity 2007, 75: 3354-3360. PMID: 17470546, PMCID: PMC1932939, DOI: 10.1128/iai.00422-07.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsT-cell-independent antibodiesCell-depleted miceSplenic CD4Cell depletionPathogen burdenSplenic T cell responsesHost defenseT-cell activation markersC3H/HeJ miceImmunoglobulin M titersInfected control miceMurine host defensePathogen-specific IgMT cell responsesMarginal zone B cellsBlood-borne antigensBlood-borne pathogensWeeks of infectionB cell subsetsImmune mouse serumBorrelia burgdorferi infectionImportant host defenseSevere arthritisActivation markersControl mice
2005
Infection-Induced Marginal Zone B Cell Production of Borrelia hermsii-Specific Antibody Is Impaired in the Absence of CD1d
Belperron AA, Dailey CM, Bockenstedt LK. Infection-Induced Marginal Zone B Cell Production of Borrelia hermsii-Specific Antibody Is Impaired in the Absence of CD1d. The Journal Of Immunology 2005, 174: 5681-5686. PMID: 15843569, DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.174.9.5681.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAnimalsAntibodies, BacterialAntibody SpecificityAntigens, CD1Antigens, CD1dB-Lymphocyte SubsetsBorreliaBorrelia InfectionsDNA, BacterialGerminal CenterImmune SeraImmunity, InnateImmunization, PassiveImmunoglobulin MLymphocyte ActivationLymphocyte DepletionMiceMice, Inbred C57BLMice, KnockoutConceptsMZB cellsActivation markersPathogen burdenMouse serumAbsence of CD1dBlood-borne AgsCD1d-deficient micePathogen-specific IgMActivation marker expressionMarginal zone B cellsT cell helpImmune mouse serumWild-type miceCritical host defenseB cell productionB. hermsiiCD1d expressionSerum levelsCell helpPassive transferSpirochete burdenAb productionSpirochete Borrelia burgdorferiB cellsCell activation
2004
Toxoplasma gondii: generation of novel truncation mutations in the linker domain of dihydrofolate reductase–thymidylate synthase
Belperron AA, Fox BA, O’Neil R, Peaslee KA, Horii T, Anderson AC, Bzik DJ. Toxoplasma gondii: generation of novel truncation mutations in the linker domain of dihydrofolate reductase–thymidylate synthase. Experimental Parasitology 2004, 106: 179-182. PMID: 15172226, DOI: 10.1016/j.exppara.2004.03.002.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAmino Acid SequenceAnimalsAntiprotozoal AgentsBlotting, WesternDrug ResistanceHumansModels, GeneticMolecular Sequence DataMultienzyme ComplexesMutagenesis, InsertionalMutationPoint MutationPolymerase Chain ReactionPyrimethamineRestriction MappingSequence AlignmentTetrahydrofolate DehydrogenaseThymidylate SynthaseToxoplasmaTransfection
2003
Humoral Immunity Reflects Altered T Helper Cell Bias in Borrelia burgdorferi-Infected γδ T-Cell-Deficient Mice
Bockenstedt LK, Shanafelt MC, Belperron A, Mao J, Barthold SW. Humoral Immunity Reflects Altered T Helper Cell Bias in Borrelia burgdorferi-Infected γδ T-Cell-Deficient Mice. Infection And Immunity 2003, 71: 2938-2940. PMID: 12704174, PMCID: PMC153287, DOI: 10.1128/iai.71.5.2938-2940.2003.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsΓδ T-cell-deficient miceT cell-deficient miceGamma delta T cellsGamma delta T-cell functionGamma delta TBorrelia burgdorferiDelta T cellsMurine Lyme borreliosisT cell functionHumoral immunityHumoral responseAntibody isotypesT cellsLyme borreliosisCell biasDisease susceptibilityArthropod transmissionBurgdorferi
2001
Natural Antibody Affects Survival of the SpirocheteBorrelia burgdorferi within Feeding Ticks
Belperron A, Bockenstedt L. Natural Antibody Affects Survival of the SpirocheteBorrelia burgdorferi within Feeding Ticks. Infection And Immunity 2001, 69: 6456-6462. PMID: 11553590, PMCID: PMC98781, DOI: 10.1128/iai.69.10.6456-6462.2001.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsB cell-deficient miceNatural antibodiesControl miceConfocal immunofluorescence microscopySalivary glandsEarly host defenseBlood-sucking vectorsMammalian hostsFeeding ticksB. burgdorferi organismsNormal mouse serumTick midgutAbsence of exposureOuter surface protein AArthropod vectorsImmunofluorescence microscopyMammalian seraSurface protein ASpirochete Borrelia burgdorferiPolyclonal immunoglobulin MPathogen transmissionSpirochete burdenPassive transferBlood mealImmunoglobulin MNegative selection of herpes simplex virus thymidine kinase in Toxoplasma gondii
Fox B, Belperron A, Bzik D. Negative selection of herpes simplex virus thymidine kinase in Toxoplasma gondii. Molecular And Biochemical Parasitology 2001, 116: 85-88. PMID: 11463470, DOI: 10.1016/s0166-6851(01)00302-4.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchToxoplasma gondii: Genetic Selection of Tethered Dihydrofolate Reductase-Thymidylate Synthase Fusion Proteins
Belperron A, Fox B, Horii T, Bzik D. Toxoplasma gondii: Genetic Selection of Tethered Dihydrofolate Reductase-Thymidylate Synthase Fusion Proteins. Experimental Parasitology 2001, 98: 167-170. PMID: 11527440, DOI: 10.1006/expr.2001.4631.Peer-Reviewed Original Research
2000
Cutting Edge: CD1d Deficiency Impairs Murine Host Defense Against the Spirochete, Borrelia burgdorferi
Kumar H, Belperron A, Barthold S, Bockenstedt L. Cutting Edge: CD1d Deficiency Impairs Murine Host Defense Against the Spirochete, Borrelia burgdorferi. The Journal Of Immunology 2000, 165: 4797-4801. PMID: 11046002, DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.165.9.4797.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAnimalsAntibodies, BacterialAntigens, BacterialAntigens, CD1Antigens, CD1dAntigens, SurfaceBacterial Outer Membrane ProteinsBacterial VaccinesBorrelia burgdorferi GroupDNA, BacterialGenetic Predisposition to DiseaseImmunity, InnateImmunoglobulin GLipoproteinsLyme DiseaseLyme Disease VaccinesMiceMice, Inbred C3HMice, Inbred C57BLMice, KnockoutUrinary BladderConceptsLipid AgsHost defenseCD1d-deficient miceDisease-susceptible miceMurine host defenseRole of CD1dImpair host resistanceBorrelia burgdorferiSusceptible mouse strainsControl miceT cellsCD1 moleculesSpirochete DNADisease profileMouse strainsMiceLyme disease spirocheteInfectionSpirochetesBurgdorferiHost resistancePathogensArthritisCD1dEnhanced production
1999
Immune Responses Induced by Gene Gun or Intramuscular Injection of DNA Vaccines That Express Immunogenic Regions of the Serine Repeat Antigen from Plasmodium falciparum
Belperron A, Feltquate D, Fox B, Horii T, Bzik D. Immune Responses Induced by Gene Gun or Intramuscular Injection of DNA Vaccines That Express Immunogenic Regions of the Serine Repeat Antigen from Plasmodium falciparum. Infection And Immunity 1999, 67: 5163-5169. PMID: 10496891, PMCID: PMC96866, DOI: 10.1128/iai.67.10.5163-5169.1999.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsSerine repeat antigenHuman malaria vaccineGene gun immunizationImmunization of miceMalaria vaccineDNA vaccineIntramuscular injectionImmune responseProtein-based subunit vaccinesImmunogenic regionHepatitis B surface antigenHigh serum antibody titersPlasmodium falciparumCoimmunization of miceMinimal antibody responseSerum antibody titersB surface antigenSERA proteinPlasmid DNA vaccineGene gun deliveryAntibody titersAntibody responseDNA vaccinationSubunit vaccineSurface antigen