2025
Tuberculosis and people who use drugs: why focus on this overlooked population is important and why adapted interventions are necessary
D'Ottavi M, Godfrey-Faussett P, Merle C, Sofonea M, Laureillard D, Vickerman P, Molès J, Altice F, Van de Perre P, Stone J, Nagot N. Tuberculosis and people who use drugs: why focus on this overlooked population is important and why adapted interventions are necessary. The Lancet Global Health 2025, 13: e593-e598. PMID: 39862874, DOI: 10.1016/s2214-109x(24)00481-9.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsReduce health inequalitiesCommunity-based approachActive case findingNational Tuberculosis ProgrammeHealth inequalitiesTargeted interventionsTuberculosis interventionsCase findingTreatment adherenceGeneral populationTuberculosis ProgrammeMarginalised populationsHIV fieldInterventionPrevalence of tuberculosisTuberculosis burdenPopulation levelTuberculosis transmissionHigher incidencePeoplePopulationAdherenceHIVPrevalenceLinkage
2024
Impact of active case finding for tuberculosis with mass chest X-ray screening in Glasgow, Scotland, 1950–1963: An epidemiological analysis of historical data
MacPherson P, Stagg H, Schwalb A, Henderson H, Taylor A, Burke R, Rickman H, Miller C, Houben R, Dodd P, Corbett E. Impact of active case finding for tuberculosis with mass chest X-ray screening in Glasgow, Scotland, 1950–1963: An epidemiological analysis of historical data. PLOS Medicine 2024, 21: e1004448. PMID: 39499677, PMCID: PMC11537369, DOI: 10.1371/journal.pmed.1004448.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsCase notification rateActive case findingCase notificationChest X-ray screeningHighest tuberculosis burden countriesInterrupted time series analysisSynthesis of evidenceMultilevel regression modelsPublic health recordsScreening interventionsTuberculosis burden countriesX-ray screeningPost-interventionHealth recordsHigh-burden countriesPre-interventionScreening programmeAnnual rate of declineCase findingContemporaneous interventionsNotification ratesScreening toolBurden countriesBCG vaccination programmeCity wardsAfrica Health Research Institute (AHRI) Household Contact study: a study protocol, statistical analysis and modelling plan
Khan P, Govender I, McCreesh N, Sweeney S, Sithole M, Ording-Jespersen G, Buthelezi X, Houben R, Baisley K, Smit T, Wong E, Hanekom W, White R, Vassall A, Fielding K, Grant A. Africa Health Research Institute (AHRI) Household Contact study: a study protocol, statistical analysis and modelling plan. Wellcome Open Research 2024, 9: 622. DOI: 10.12688/wellcomeopenres.22974.1.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchAfrica Health Research InstituteQuantiFERON-TB Gold PlusHealth systemAntiretroviral treatmentReport symptomsCost-effectiveness of interventionsAntiretroviral treatment careRoutine health servicesDemographic surveillance areaTuberculosis case findingHealth Research InstituteM. tuberculosis transmissionChild household contactsPotential epidemiological impactTuberculosis screening strategiesHealthcare utilisationHIV testingHealth facilitiesPulmonary tuberculosisHealth servicesSymptom screeningCase findingCost-effectiveTuberculosis screeningEffects of antiretroviral treatmentHealth-seeking behaviour and patient-related factors associated with the time to TB treatment initiation in four African countries: a cross-sectional survey
Sathar F, Charalambous S, Velen K, Fielding K, Rachow A, Ivanova O, Rassool M, Lalashowi J, Owolabi O, Nhassengo P, Chihota V, Evans D. Health-seeking behaviour and patient-related factors associated with the time to TB treatment initiation in four African countries: a cross-sectional survey. BMJ Public Health 2024, 2: e001002. PMID: 40018527, PMCID: PMC11816287, DOI: 10.1136/bmjph-2024-001002.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchTB treatment initiationCross-sectional surveyTB symptomsPrimary care facilitiesTreatment initiationMedian total delayHealth-seeking behaviorNational TB Control ProgrammeTB treatmentCohort of adultsTB control programmesActive case findingPatient-related factorsHealth facilitiesTB servicesHIV prevalenceCare facilitiesDrug-susceptible pulmonary TBTotal delaySecond-leading causeTime to treatment initiationCase findingCox regression modelsStructured questionnaireInitiation of treatmentCommunity-based active-case finding for tuberculosis: navigating a complex minefield
MacPherson P, Shanaube K, Phiri M, Rickman H, Horton K, Feasey H, Corbett E, Burke R, Rangaka M. Community-based active-case finding for tuberculosis: navigating a complex minefield. BMC Global And Public Health 2024, 2: 9. PMID: 39681899, PMCID: PMC11622870, DOI: 10.1186/s44263-024-00042-9.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchActive case findingCommunity-based active case-findingCommunity-based ACFImpact of active case findingChest X-ray screeningPrimary care servicesPublic health practitionersHealth system participantsScale-up of treatmentRisk of TBElimination of TBStructural risk factorsHealth promotionPopulation-level impactScreening guidelinesSynthesise evidenceX-ray screeningCare servicesHigh-burden countriesHealth servicesHealth practitionersEffective scale-upCase findingEvidence baseTB transmissionThe impact of sputum quality on Xpert positivity in active case-finding for TB
Oliveira da Silva B, Salindri A, Gonçalves T, Cunha E, da Silva Santos A, dos Santos P, Lemes I, Silva D, da Silva Oliveira V, Croda J, de Oliveira R, Andrews J. The impact of sputum quality on Xpert positivity in active case-finding for TB. The International Journal Of Tuberculosis And Lung Disease 2024, 28: 29-36. PMID: 38178289, DOI: 10.5588/ijtld.23.0244.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsSputum qualityXpert-positiveCase findingChest X-rayLog-binomial regressionCross-sectional analysisMass screening programmeActive case findingCurrent smokingParticipant characteristicsScreening programmeSymptom screeningStandardised questionnaireSpot sputum samplesBlood-stained sputumAbnormal chest radiographBinomial regressionCAD4TBSputum appearanceMucopurulent sputumXpert testingSputum samplesClinical characteristicsSalivary specimensChest radiographs
2023
Exploring stakeholders perspectives on TB contact investigation in Cali, Colombia: a qualitative study
Velosa J, Gómez J, Zúñiga C, Díaz G, Ferro B, Davis J, Grau L. Exploring stakeholders perspectives on TB contact investigation in Cali, Colombia: a qualitative study. Frontiers In Public Health 2023, 11: 1204862. PMID: 37564424, PMCID: PMC10411903, DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1204862.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsTB contact investigationContact investigationPublic health staffHealth workersHousehold contactsTB knowledgeTB casesTest uptakeHealth staffHousehold visitsHealth OrganizationTuberculosis case findingNational public health authoritiesPublic health authoritiesWorld Health OrganizationPublic health organizationsMiddle-income countriesTB controlCase findingThematic analysisHealth authoritiesDiagnostic testsInductive thematic analysisSemi-structured interviewsMain barriers
2022
Community engagement in Ebola outbreaks in sub-Saharan Africa and implications for COVID-19 control: A scoping review
Frimpong S, Paintsil E. Community engagement in Ebola outbreaks in sub-Saharan Africa and implications for COVID-19 control: A scoping review. International Journal Of Infectious Diseases 2022, 126: 182-192. PMID: 36462575, DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2022.11.032.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsEbola virus disease outbreakSaharan AfricaCommunity-based interventionsVirus disease outbreakCOVID-19 preventionCase seriesTreatment uptakeEmbase databasesCase detectionObservational studyCOVID-19 controlCOVID-19 pandemic preventionCase findingSurvival rateEVD outbreakFinal reviewStudy typeQuasiexperimental studyPreventionReview criteriaEbola outbreakPandemic preventionDisease outbreaksOutbreakTotal
2020
Cost-effectiveness of post-treatment follow-up examinations and secondary prevention of tuberculosis in a high-incidence setting: a model-based analysis
Marx FM, Cohen T, Menzies NA, Salomon JA, Theron G, Yaesoubi R. Cost-effectiveness of post-treatment follow-up examinations and secondary prevention of tuberculosis in a high-incidence setting: a model-based analysis. The Lancet Global Health 2020, 8: e1223-e1233. PMID: 32827484, PMCID: PMC7549318, DOI: 10.1016/s2214-109x(20)30227-8.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsIsoniazid preventive therapySecondary preventive therapyHigh-incidence settingsPost-treatment followPreventive therapyTuberculosis controlTuberculosis incidenceTreatment completionTuberculosis case findingOverall disease burdenHigh tuberculosis incidenceTuberculosis-endemic settingHigh-incidence communityFirst yearHealth system costsRecurrent tuberculosisSecondary preventionAnnual followTuberculosis treatmentDisease burdenHigh riskCase findingSingle followSuburban Cape TownPreventive interventionsOral swab testing by Xpert® MTB/RIF Ultra for mass tuberculosis screening in prisons
Lima F, Santos A, Oliveira R, Silva C, Gonçalves C, Andrews J, Croda J. Oral swab testing by Xpert® MTB/RIF Ultra for mass tuberculosis screening in prisons. Journal Of Clinical Tuberculosis And Other Mycobacterial Diseases 2020, 19: 100148. PMID: 32099908, PMCID: PMC7031315, DOI: 10.1016/j.jctube.2020.100148.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchNucleic acid amplification testsOral swabsPulmonary tuberculosisSwab testingAmplification testsMTB/RIF UltraMass screening studyOral swab samplingCourse of illnessScreening studySputum cultureXpert testingBacillary loadMycobacterial loadCase findingSputumXpertSwabsTuberculosisFurther studiesSwab samplingParticipantsComparable sensitivityPrison inmatesIndividuals
2017
Integrated Tuberculosis/Human Immunodeficiency Virus Community-Based Case Finding in Rural South Africa: Implications for Tuberculosis Control Efforts
Shenoi SV, Moll AP, Brooks RP, Kyriakides T, Andrews L, Kompala T, Upadhya D, Altice FL, Eksteen FJ, Friedland G. Integrated Tuberculosis/Human Immunodeficiency Virus Community-Based Case Finding in Rural South Africa: Implications for Tuberculosis Control Efforts. Open Forum Infectious Diseases 2017, 4: ofx092. PMID: 28695145, PMCID: PMC5499582, DOI: 10.1093/ofid/ofx092.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchHuman immunodeficiency virusIntensive case findingCase findingResistant TBTB casesHIV testingRural South AfricaOverall case notification rateConcurrent HIV testingHIV coinfection rateHIV-negative tuberculosisMedian CD4 countCD4 cell countHIV/TBDrug-resistant TBCase notification ratesCase-finding strategyHIV-positive individualsHigh-risk populationTB symptom screeningPopulation-level ratesCD4 countTuberculosis symptomsSymptom screeningTB elimination
2016
Benefits of continuous isoniazid preventive therapy may outweigh resistance risks in a declining tuberculosis/HIV coepidemic
Kunkel A, Crawford FW, Shepherd J, Cohen T. Benefits of continuous isoniazid preventive therapy may outweigh resistance risks in a declining tuberculosis/HIV coepidemic. AIDS 2016, 30: 2715-2723. PMID: 27782966, PMCID: PMC5089846, DOI: 10.1097/qad.0000000000001235.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsContinuous isoniazid preventive therapyIsoniazid preventive therapyIsoniazid-resistant tuberculosisTB epidemicPreventive therapyEffective TB treatmentLatent TB infectionTB drug resistanceTransmission dynamic modelTB infectionMortality benefitTB treatmentHIV controlHIV incidenceTB incidenceTB transmissionCase findingDrug resistanceIncidenceTuberculosisInitial benefitPLHIVHIVTherapyEpidemicFeasibility of achieving the 2025 WHO global tuberculosis targets in South Africa, China, and India: a combined analysis of 11 mathematical models
Houben RMGJ, Menzies NA, Sumner T, Huynh GH, Arinaminpathy N, Goldhaber-Fiebert JD, Lin HH, Wu CY, Mandal S, Pandey S, Suen SC, Bendavid E, Azman AS, Dowdy DW, Bacaër N, Rhines AS, Feldman MW, Handel A, Whalen CC, Chang ST, Wagner BG, Eckhoff PA, Trauer JM, Denholm JT, McBryde ES, Cohen T, Salomon JA, Pretorius C, Lalli M, Eaton JW, Boccia D, Hosseini M, Gomez GB, Sahu S, Daniels C, Ditiu L, Chin DP, Wang L, Chadha VK, Rade K, Dewan P, Hippner P, Charalambous S, Grant AD, Churchyard G, Pillay Y, Mametja LD, Kimerling ME, Vassall A, White RG. Feasibility of achieving the 2025 WHO global tuberculosis targets in South Africa, China, and India: a combined analysis of 11 mathematical models. The Lancet Global Health 2016, 4: e806-e815. PMID: 27720688, PMCID: PMC6375908, DOI: 10.1016/s2214-109x(16)30199-1.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsEnd TB Strategy targetsPreventive therapyTuberculosis incidenceContinuous isoniazid preventive therapyGlobal tuberculosis targetsIsoniazid preventive therapySymptoms of tuberculosisActive case findingNational Tuberculosis ProgrammeEnd TB StrategyHigh-burden countriesAntiretroviral therapyLatent tuberculosisStrategy targetsTuberculosis burdenTuberculosis careTuberculosis ProgrammeTB StrategyTuberculosis transmissionHealth centersAdditional interventionsTuberculosis interventionsCase findingTuberculosis epidemiologyEpidemiological impactFracture Prediction With Modified-FRAX in Older HIV-Infected and Uninfected Men
Yin MT, Shiau S, Rimland D, Gibert CL, Bedimo RJ, Rodriguez-Barradas MC, Harwood K, Aschheim J, Justice AC, Womack JA. Fracture Prediction With Modified-FRAX in Older HIV-Infected and Uninfected Men. JAIDS Journal Of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes 2016, 72: 513-520. PMID: 27003493, PMCID: PMC4942335, DOI: 10.1097/qai.0000000000000998.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsUninfected menOlder HIVSecondary osteoporosisFRAX calculationVeterans Aging Cohort Study Virtual CohortFracture Risk CalculatorIncident fragility fracturesMajor osteoporotic fractureIncident fracturesPharmacologic therapyFragility fracturesHip fractureHIV statusFracture preventionOsteoporotic fracturesRisk calculatorFracture ratesBone densityCase findingFRAXHIVVirtual cohortOsteoporosisComplete dataMen
2015
Assisted partner notification services to augment HIV testing and linkage to care in Kenya: study protocol for a cluster randomized trial
Wamuti B, Erdman L, Cherutich P, Golden M, Dunbar M, Bukusi D, Richardson B, Ng’ang’a A, Barnabas R, Mutiti P, Macharia P, Jerop M, Otieno F, Poole D, Farquhar C. Assisted partner notification services to augment HIV testing and linkage to care in Kenya: study protocol for a cluster randomized trial. Implementation Science 2015, 10: 23. PMID: 25884936, PMCID: PMC4342094, DOI: 10.1186/s13012-015-0212-6.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsAssisted partner notification servicesPartner notification servicesAssisted partner notificationHIV testingPartner notificationHIV partner notification servicesCluster Randomized Controlled TrialHIV testing programsHIV testing sitesCluster randomized trialHealth-care settingsPublic health strategiesSexual partnersSexual exposure to HIVExposure to HIVControl of HIV transmissionHealth facilitiesIncremental cost-effectivenessIntervention sitesHealth strategiesStudy staffPartner referralNational guidelinesHIV transmissionCase finding
2014
Poor Clinical Outcomes for HIV Infected Children on Antiretroviral Therapy in Rural Mozambique: Need for Program Quality Improvement and Community Engagement
Vermund SH, Blevins M, Moon TD, José E, Moiane L, Tique JA, Sidat M, Ciampa PJ, Shepherd BE, Vaz LM. Poor Clinical Outcomes for HIV Infected Children on Antiretroviral Therapy in Rural Mozambique: Need for Program Quality Improvement and Community Engagement. PLOS ONE 2014, 9: e110116. PMID: 25330113, PMCID: PMC4203761, DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0110116.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsCombination antiretroviral therapyAntiretroviral therapyInfant diagnosisClinical outcomesEarly infant diagnosisPoor clinical outcomeYears of ageResource-limited settingsUnknown clinical outcomesCohort mortality ratesQuality improvement effortsART initiationCART initiationRural MozambiqueHIV servicesAdults 15HIV prevalenceKaplan-MeierHigher hemoglobinMedication pickupClinical dataOutcome treatmentNational guidelinesCase findingZambézia ProvinceCluster and Sporadic Cases of Herbaspirillum Species Infections in Patients With Cancer
Chemaly R, Dantes R, Shah D, Shah P, Pascoe N, Ariza-Heredia E, Perego C, Nguyen D, Nguyen K, Modarai F, Moulton-Meissner H, Noble-Wang J, Tarrand J, LiPuma J, Guh A, MacCannell T, Raad I, Mulanovich V. Cluster and Sporadic Cases of Herbaspirillum Species Infections in Patients With Cancer. Clinical Infectious Diseases 2014, 60: 48-54. PMID: 25216687, PMCID: PMC4318942, DOI: 10.1093/cid/ciu712.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAdolescentAgedBetaproteobacteriaBurkholderia cepaciaChild, PreschoolCluster AnalysisCross InfectionDNA, BacterialDNA, RibosomalElectrophoresis, Gel, Pulsed-FieldFemaleGenotypeGram-Negative Bacterial InfectionsHerbaspirillumHumansMaleMiddle AgedMolecular TypingNeoplasmsRetrospective StudiesRNA, Ribosomal, 16SSequence Analysis, DNAConceptsPulsed-field gel electrophoresisAvailable isolatesComprehensive cancer centerHospital-based clusterDifferent PFGE patternsIntravenous antibioticsUnderlying diagnosisSymptomatic patientsProspective surveillanceBloodstream infectionsAplastic anemiaCancer CenterCase findingPatientsSolid tumorsSporadic casesSpecies infectionInfectionPrevention assessmentBurkholderia cepaciaPFGE patternsSubsequent casesSepsisFacility observationsRibosomal DNA sequencingActive case finding for tuberculosis among people who inject drugs on methadone treatment in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
Gupta A, Mbwambo J, Mteza I, Shenoi S, Lambdin B, Nyandindi C, Doula BI, Mfaume S, Bruce RD. Active case finding for tuberculosis among people who inject drugs on methadone treatment in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. The International Journal Of Tuberculosis And Lung Disease 2014, 18: 793-798. PMID: 24902554, PMCID: PMC4506927, DOI: 10.5588/ijtld.13.0208.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsWorld Health OrganizationActive casesTB prevalenceCase findingMore TB symptomsNew TB casesSymptom-based questionnaireActive case findingPopulation of PWIDTuberculosis case detectionHigh occupational riskTB symptomsTB casesMedian ageTB controlMethadone treatmentHuman immunodeficiencyMethadone clientsCase detectionOccupational riskPrevalenceHealth OrganizationDar es SalaamPWIDDrugsYield of undetected tuberculosis and human immunodeficiency virus coinfection from active case finding in urban Uganda
Sekandi J, List J, Luzze H, Yin X, Dobbin K, Corso P, Oloya J, Okwera A, Whalen C. Yield of undetected tuberculosis and human immunodeficiency virus coinfection from active case finding in urban Uganda. The International Journal Of Tuberculosis And Lung Disease 2014, 18: 13-19. PMID: 24365547, PMCID: PMC5454493, DOI: 10.5588/ijtld.13.0129.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsActive case findingHuman immunodeficiency virus (HIV) coinfectionImmunodeficiency virus coinfectionChronic coughActive tuberculosisVirus coinfectionTB-HIV casesTB case detectionWhole study populationUndetected tuberculosisTB diseaseTB-HIVTB casesHIV infectionMedian ageCase detectionSmear microscopyStudy populationCase findingCoughGeneral populationDoor surveyIdentification of personsTuberculosisActive cases
2012
Prevalence of Unhealthy Substance Use on Teaching and Hospitalist Medical Services: Implications for Education
Holt SR, Ramos J, Harma MA, Cabrera F, Louis‐Ashby C, Dinh A, Tetrault JM, Fiellin DA. Prevalence of Unhealthy Substance Use on Teaching and Hospitalist Medical Services: Implications for Education. American Journal On Addictions 2012, 21: 111-119. PMID: 22332853, DOI: 10.1111/j.1521-0391.2011.00207.x.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsUnhealthy substance useAlcohol Use Disorders Identification Test-ConsumptionInternal medicine admissionsSubstance useHours of admissionTeaching serviceCommunity teaching hospitalCross-sectional studyDrug Abuse Screening TestMedical teaching serviceAbuse Screening TestMedicine admissionsChart reviewCurrent smokersMedical inpatientsPatient admissionsTeaching hospitalHospitalist serviceCase findingPatientsAdmissionDiagnostic InterviewScreening testMedical resident trainingT patients
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