2025
Potential Clinical and Economic Impacts of Cutbacks in the President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief Program in South Africa : A Modeling Analysis.
Gandhi A, Bekker L, Paltiel A, Hyle E, Ciaranello A, Pillay Y, Freedberg K, Neilan A. Potential Clinical and Economic Impacts of Cutbacks in the President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief Program in South Africa : A Modeling Analysis. Annals Of Internal Medicine 2025, 178: 457-467. PMID: 39932732, PMCID: PMC11996594, DOI: 10.7326/annals-24-01104.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchPresident's Emergency PlanPEPFAR fundingHIV diagnosis ratesClinical HIV outcomesHIV care continuumSouth African adultsNational Institutes of HealthCare continuumHIV outcomesHIV programsAIDS ReliefHIV prevalenceInstitutes of HealthPrimary preventionTreatment engagementEmergency planningPEPFARLife yearsPWHAfrican adultsHIV budgetLife expectancyLong-term detrimental effectsDiagnosis rateProgrammatic implications379. Potential clinical and economic impact of cutbacks in the United States President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief Program in South Africa: a modelling analysis
Gandhi A, Bekker L, Paltiel A, Hyle E, Ciaranello A, Pillay Y, Freedberg K, Neilan A. 379. Potential clinical and economic impact of cutbacks in the United States President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief Program in South Africa: a modelling analysis. Open Forum Infectious Diseases 2025, 12: ofae631.010. PMCID: PMC11778235, DOI: 10.1093/ofid/ofae631.010.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchHIV care cascadeHIV-related deathsCost-effectiveness of Preventing AIDS ComplicationsCare cascadeHIV infectionPEPFAR fundingHIV care continuum outcomesCare continuum outcomesHIV epidemic controlLife expectancyNew HIV infectionsGlobal health initiativesModified societal perspectiveLifetime costsSouth African adultsHealth initiativesHIV diagnosisHIV programsHIV statusPrimary preventionAIDS complicationsPWHPEPFARHIV budgetLife years
2024
Tuberculosis Preventive Treatment Update — U.S. President’s Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief, 36 Countries, 2016–2023
Ajiboye A, O’Connor S, Smith J, Ahmedov S, Coggin W, Charles M, Ghosh S, Pierre P, Shah N, Teran R, Moonan P, Date A. Tuberculosis Preventive Treatment Update — U.S. President’s Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief, 36 Countries, 2016–2023. MMWR Morbidity And Mortality Weekly Report 2024, 73: 233-238. PMID: 38512767, PMCID: PMC10967683, DOI: 10.15585/mmwr.mm7311a1.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsU.S. President's Emergency PlanPresident's Emergency Plan for AIDS ReliefTB preventive treatmentAIDS ReliefAntiretroviral treatmentU.S. President's Emergency Plan for AIDS ReliefElectronic medical record systemPresident's Emergency PlanPatient-centered approachFiscal yearNational HIV programTB-attributed deathsMedical record systemTB-related deathsOverall completion rateHIV programsCompletion ratesRecording systemTB diseaseStandard of careHIVHigh riskPersonsEmergency planningShorter regimens
2023
Impact of youth lay health workers on HIV service delivery in South Africa: A pragmatic cluster randomized trial of the Youth Health Africa program
Tollefson D, Dasgupta S, Setswe G, Reeves S, Charalambous S, Duerr A. Impact of youth lay health workers on HIV service delivery in South Africa: A pragmatic cluster randomized trial of the Youth Health Africa program. PLOS ONE 2023, 18: e0294719. PMID: 38033029, PMCID: PMC10688901, DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0294719.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsHIV service deliveryHIV testingTreatment initiationIntervention facilitiesHealth workersYoung adultsAdolescents/young adultsProportion of patientsPragmatic clusterSecondary outcomesHIV positivityPrimary outcomeTreat analysisHIV servicesHIV programsHealth facilitiesHIVBaseline outcomesTrialsService deliveryNull trialsCareImmediate increaseOutcomesGreater improvement
2022
Re-evaluating the health impact and cost-effectiveness of tuberculosis preventive treatment for modern HIV cohorts on antiretroviral therapy: a modelling analysis using data from Tanzania
Zhu J, Lyatuu G, Sudfeld CR, Kiravu A, Sando D, Machumi L, Minde J, Chisonjela F, Cohen T, Menzies NA. Re-evaluating the health impact and cost-effectiveness of tuberculosis preventive treatment for modern HIV cohorts on antiretroviral therapy: a modelling analysis using data from Tanzania. The Lancet Global Health 2022, 10: e1646-e1654. PMID: 36240830, PMCID: PMC9553191, DOI: 10.1016/s2214-109x(22)00372-2.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsIsoniazid preventive therapyCD4 cell countAntiretroviral therapyCell countART cohortAverage CD4 cell countHigher CD4 cell countsLarge HIV treatment programHealth impactsTuberculosis preventive treatmentHIV treatment programsLifetime costsIncremental lifetime costLifetime health benefitsCourse of infectionGreater health gainsLong-term healthART initiationTreat guidelinesHIV cohortPreventive therapyTuberculosis riskUS National InstitutesHIV programsSubgroup analysisDolutegravir hypersensitivity reaction: the need for strengthening pharmacovigilance systems with optimization of antiretroviral therapy in HIV programs in resource-limited settings (case report)
Adeiza M, Kekulah I, Wachekwa I, Ogbuagu O. Dolutegravir hypersensitivity reaction: the need for strengthening pharmacovigilance systems with optimization of antiretroviral therapy in HIV programs in resource-limited settings (case report). PAMJ Clinical Medicine 2022, 8 DOI: 10.11604/pamj-cm.2022.8.47.33930.Peer-Reviewed Reviews, Practice Guidelines, Standards, and Consensus StatementsAdverse drug reactionsDrug reactionsHIV programsResource-limited settingsAntiretroviral therapyHypersensitivity reactionsAdvanced HIV diseaseLamivudine/tenofovirLamivudine/zidovudineRoutine laboratory monitoringCombination antiretroviral therapyAntiretroviral drug treatmentFirst-line cARTFeatures of anaphylaxisRelevant health educationDrug discontinuityViral suppressionHIV diseaseHIV infectionBlood workOpportunistic infectionsLaboratory monitoringNew symptomsDrug treatmentMedical treatment
2021
Poor retention and care-related sex disparities among youth living with HIV in rural Mozambique
Ahonkhai AA, Aliyu MH, Audet CM, Bravo M, Simmons M, Claquin G, Memiah P, Fernando AN, Carlucci JG, Shepherd BE, Van Rompaey S, Yu Z, Gong W, Vermund SH, Wester CW. Poor retention and care-related sex disparities among youth living with HIV in rural Mozambique. PLOS ONE 2021, 16: e0250921. PMID: 34019582, PMCID: PMC8139489, DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0250921.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsHigher oddsCombination antiretroviral therapy (cART) initiationCox proportional hazards modelCare continuum outcomesComprehensive HIV programsPost-ART initiationYoung adults 15Antiretroviral therapy initiationRetrospective cohort studySex-related disparitiesMultivariable logistic regressionOne-year followProportional hazards modelYears of agePL femalesSex-related differencesART initiationAYA cohortTherapy initiationCohort studyContinuum outcomesHIV outcomesClinical visitsAdults 15HIV programsThe Value of Assessing Self-Reported and Biological Indicators of Outcomes in Evaluating HIV Programs
Zimmerman R, Mehrotra P, Madden T, Paul R. The Value of Assessing Self-Reported and Biological Indicators of Outcomes in Evaluating HIV Programs. Current HIV/AIDS Reports 2021, 18: 365-376. PMID: 33993397, DOI: 10.1007/s11904-021-00560-3.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsAntiretroviral medicationsCondom useLow-resource settingsUnprotected sexHIV statusHIV programsHigh-income countriesPre-exposure prophylaxis medicationsBlood spotsRapid HIV testsHIV-positive statusIncorrect condom useStigma of HIVRecent FindingsRecent studiesPurpose of ReviewInLow-income settingsProphylaxis medicationsHIV testBiological measuresStandardized self-report measuresPositive statusCondom usageLow-income countriesRapid testBiomarkers
2019
Integrated Hypertension and HIV Care Cascades in an HIV Treatment Program in Eastern Uganda: A Retrospective Cohort Study.
Muddu M, Tusubira AK, Sharma SK, Akiteng AR, Ssinabulya I, Schwartz JI. Integrated Hypertension and HIV Care Cascades in an HIV Treatment Program in Eastern Uganda: A Retrospective Cohort Study. JAIDS Journal Of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes 2019, 81: 552-561. PMID: 31045649, PMCID: PMC6625912, DOI: 10.1097/qai.0000000000002067.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsRetrospective cohort studyCare cascadeHIV careCohort studyHIV programsPrimary cardiovascular disease risk factorsCardiovascular disease risk factorsHIV care cascadeHIV care programsBlood pressure controlProportion of patientsDisease risk factorsHIV treatment programsViral load monitoringManagement of hypertensionHIV clinicEastern UgandaHIV treatmentRisk factorsCardiovascular diseaseHypertensionCare programPressure controlTreatment programHIV
2017
Do Less Harm: Evaluating HIV Programmatic Alternatives in Response to Cutbacks in Foreign Aid.
Walensky RP, Borre ED, Bekker LG, Hyle EP, Gonsalves GS, Wood R, Eholié SP, Weinstein MC, Anglaret X, Freedberg KA, Paltiel AD. Do Less Harm: Evaluating HIV Programmatic Alternatives in Response to Cutbacks in Foreign Aid. Annals Of Internal Medicine 2017, 167: 618-629. PMID: 28847013, PMCID: PMC5675810, DOI: 10.7326/m17-1358.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsYears of lifeHIV transmissionHIV programsFuture incident casesSecond-line ARTHIV care continuumViral load monitoringAdverse clinical consequencesResource-limited nationsBase-case analysisCurrent standardHIV deathsIncident casesCôte d'IvoireCare continuumART efficacyClinical consequencesHIV detectionLess HarmHIVSocietal perspectiveProductivity costsNational InstituteDeathYears
2016
Acceptability and use of ready-to-use supplementary food compared to corn–soy blend as a targeted ration in an HIV program in rural Haiti: a qualitative study
Beckett AG, Humphries D, Jerome JG, Teng JE, Ulysse P, Ivers LC. Acceptability and use of ready-to-use supplementary food compared to corn–soy blend as a targeted ration in an HIV program in rural Haiti: a qualitative study. AIDS Research And Therapy 2016, 13: 11. PMID: 26893605, PMCID: PMC4757996, DOI: 10.1186/s12981-016-0096-9.Peer-Reviewed Original Research
2015
Enrolment trends in a comprehensive HIV programme in rural north-central Nigeria: improved care indices, but declining quality of clinical data over time
Aliyu MH, Blevins M, Arinze F, Megazzini KM, Bussell S, Dunlap J, Odoh C, Gebi UI, Muhammad MY, Shepherd BE, Audet CM, Vermund SH, Wester CW. Enrolment trends in a comprehensive HIV programme in rural north-central Nigeria: improved care indices, but declining quality of clinical data over time. Pathogens And Global Health 2015, 109: 75-83. PMID: 25822098, PMCID: PMC4571821, DOI: 10.1179/2047773215y.0000000007.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsComprehensive HIV programsHIV programsComprehensive HIV/AIDS servicesCell countAdvanced clinical diseaseClinical stage INorth Central NigeriaHIV/AIDS servicesRural North-Central NigeriaQuality improvement effortsMedian CD4Clinical stagingMedian ageHIV servicesCare indexClinical dataClinical diseaseStage IAIDS servicesPatientsWindow periodHemoglobin dataClinical servicesEnrollment yearCells/Cost-Effectiveness Analysis of Brief and Expanded Evidence-Based Risk Reduction Interventions for HIV-Infected People Who Inject Drugs in the United States
Song DL, Altice FL, Copenhaver MM, Long EF. Cost-Effectiveness Analysis of Brief and Expanded Evidence-Based Risk Reduction Interventions for HIV-Infected People Who Inject Drugs in the United States. PLOS ONE 2015, 10: e0116694. PMID: 25658949, PMCID: PMC4320073, DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0116694.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsQuality-adjusted life yearsOpioid substitution therapyHIV infectionHIV incidenceHIV prevalenceEvidence-based risk reduction interventionDynamic HIV transmission modelHolistic Health Recovery ProgramBehavioral HIV prevention interventionsFuture HIV incidenceTotal medical costsHIV transmission modelHIV prevention interventionsGeneral adult populationRisk reduction interventionsCost-effectiveness analysisSubstitution therapySexual transmissionHIV programsPrevention interventionsMedical costsTreatment settingsLife yearsReduction interventionsUS population
2014
Integrated prevention of mother-to-child transmission for human immunodeficiency virus, syphilis and hepatitis B virus in China
Wang AL, Qiao YP, Wang LH, Fang LW, Wang F, Jin X, Qiu J, Wang XY, Wang Q, Wu JL, Vermund SH, Song L. Integrated prevention of mother-to-child transmission for human immunodeficiency virus, syphilis and hepatitis B virus in China. Bulletin Of The World Health Organization 2014, 93: 52-56. PMID: 25558108, PMCID: PMC4271682, DOI: 10.2471/blt.14.139626.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsHuman immunodeficiency virusHepatitis B virusAntenatal care clinicsChild transmissionPregnant womenPMTCT servicesCare clinicsImmunodeficiency virusB virusChild transmission effortsRate of maternalChild health clinicsChild health servicesRoutine maternalHBV infectionInfected womenCongenital syphilisHIV programsGeneral HospitalHealth clinicsLive birthsFurther interventionStandardized preventionSyphilis transmissionHealth services
2013
Impact of Definitions of Loss to Follow-up on Estimates of Retention, Disease Progression, and Mortality: Application to an HIV Program in Mozambique
Shepherd BE, Blevins M, Vaz LM, Moon TD, Kipp AM, José E, Ferreira FG, Vermund SH. Impact of Definitions of Loss to Follow-up on Estimates of Retention, Disease Progression, and Mortality: Application to an HIV Program in Mozambique. American Journal Of Epidemiology 2013, 178: 819-828. PMID: 23785113, PMCID: PMC3755641, DOI: 10.1093/aje/kwt030.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsHuman immunodeficiency virusVisit scheduleKaplan-Meier techniqueRate of mortalityAntiretroviral therapyCumulative incidenceTreatment initiationEstimates of retentionImmunodeficiency syndromeImmunodeficiency virusHIV programsChronic diseasesDisease progressionPatient retentionImpact of definitionsHIV literatureClinical encountersStudy outcomesMortalityAIDSLTFDeathInformative censoringProgram evaluationStudy conclusions
2012
Transitioning HIV care and treatment programs in southern Africa to full local management
Vermund SH, Sidat M, Weil LF, Tique JA, Moon TD, Ciampa PJ. Transitioning HIV care and treatment programs in southern Africa to full local management. AIDS 2012, 26: 1303-1310. PMID: 22706012, PMCID: PMC3576840, DOI: 10.1097/qad.0b013e3283552185.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsHIV careHIV/AIDS care programsAIDS ProgramPrimary health care systemUS President's Emergency PlanHealth care workersAIDS care programsHealth worker capacityHIV/AIDS programsPresident's Emergency PlanHealth care systemHIV programsAIDS careCare managementCare workersCare programTreatment programAIDS ReliefHealth care managementCare systemCarePrevention endeavorsEmergency plansExcellent Clinical Outcomes and High Retention in Care Among Adults in a Community-Based HIV Treatment Program in Rural Rwanda
Rich M, Miller A, Niyigena P, Franke M, Niyonzima J, Socci A, Drobac P, Hakizamungu M, Mayfield A, Ruhayisha R, Epino H, Stulac S, Cancedda C, Karamaga A, Niyonzima S, Yarbrough C, Fleming J, Amoroso C, Mukherjee J, Murray M, Farmer P, Binagwaho A. Excellent Clinical Outcomes and High Retention in Care Among Adults in a Community-Based HIV Treatment Program in Rural Rwanda. JAIDS Journal Of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes 2012, 59: e35-e42. PMID: 22156912, DOI: 10.1097/qai.0b013e31824476c4.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsCommunity-based antiretroviral therapyAntiretroviral therapyCommunity health workersHealth workersCD4 T-cell count increaseT-cell count increaseRetrospective medical record reviewCohort of patientsFree antiretroviral therapyHIV treatment programsMedical record reviewExcellent clinical outcomesRural health centersRural RwandaAdult patientsCommunity-based ART programMiddle-income countriesNutritional supportClinical outcomesOutcome benchmarksRecord reviewTuberculosis screeningExcellent outcomesHIV treatmentHIV programs
2011
Improving Retention in the Early Infant Diagnosis of HIV Program in Rural Mozambique by Better Service Integration
Ciampa PJ, Burlison JR, Blevins M, Sidat M, Moon TD, Rothman RL, Vermund SH. Improving Retention in the Early Infant Diagnosis of HIV Program in Rural Mozambique by Better Service Integration. JAIDS Journal Of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes 2011, 58: 115-119. PMID: 21546845, DOI: 10.1097/qai.0b013e31822149bf.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsEarly infant diagnosisInfant diagnosisInfant testingEarly infant testingWomen/infantsRetrospective record reviewPostpartum HIVRural MozambiqueRecord reviewStandard referralHIV programsHigher oddsReferral processSimple interventionHIVReferralDiagnosisInfant retentionWomenService integrationInfants
2008
Do Targeted HIV Programs Improve Overall Care for Pregnant Women?
Potter D, Goldenberg RL, Chao A, Sinkala M, Degroot A, Stringer JS, Bulterys M, Vermund SH. Do Targeted HIV Programs Improve Overall Care for Pregnant Women? JAIDS Journal Of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes 2008, 47: 79-85. PMID: 17984757, PMCID: PMC2745056, DOI: 10.1097/qai.0b013e31815d2f71.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsPrevalence odds ratiosHIV programsPMTCT programme implementationChild HIV transmissionPrevention of motherConfidence intervalsRoutine clinical servicesDisease-specific researchHealth policy makersAntenatal clinicSyphilis treatmentHIV transmissionPregnant womenOverall careOdds ratioFirst visitCare impactClinical servicesService programsImplementation of researchScreeningProgram implementationClinicVisitsCare
2007
Multidrug-Resistant and Extensively Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis: Implications for the HIV Epidemic and Antiretroviral Therapy Rollout in South Africa
Andrews JR, Shah NS, Gandhi N, Moll T, Friedland G. Multidrug-Resistant and Extensively Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis: Implications for the HIV Epidemic and Antiretroviral Therapy Rollout in South Africa. The Journal Of Infectious Diseases 2007, 196: s482-s490. PMID: 18181698, DOI: 10.1086/521121.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsDrug-resistant tuberculosisMDR-TBHIV epidemicXDR-TBDrug-resistant (XDR) TBMultidrug-resistant (MDR) TBMDR-TB treatment programmeTB treatment success rateHuman immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infectionAntiretroviral therapy rolloutXDR-TB epidemicImmunodeficiency virus infectionTreatment success rateDrug resistance surveillanceDrug resistance testingPublic health challengeAirborne infection controlPublic health infrastructureHIV programsMultidrug-ResistantHigh prevalenceVirus infectionInfection controlTreatment programTuberculosis
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