2025
Refugee and Asylum Seeker Child and Adolescent Mental Health: A Systematic Review of Racial, Ethnic, and Contextual Disparities
Ali D, Olstein B, Vargas L, Hale E, Adi A, Savin D, Epperson C. Refugee and Asylum Seeker Child and Adolescent Mental Health: A Systematic Review of Racial, Ethnic, and Contextual Disparities. American Journal Of Orthopsychiatry 2025 PMID: 40504633, DOI: 10.1037/ort0000858.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchSystematic reviewMental healthUnderuse of careMental health outcomesAdolescent mental health outcomesPreferred Reporting ItemsCare accessAPA PsycInfoHealth outcomesWeb of Science databasesAsylum-seeking populationReporting ItemsSociostructural factorsContextual disparitiesCareInclusion criteriaDisparitiesHealthAdolescent populationScience databasesAcculturative stressEthnic groupsInvestigated childrenAccess of refugeesOutcomesTrends and Key Factors Associated With Racial and Ethnic Differences in Life’s Essential 8 Scores
Yang H, Huang C, Sawano M, Herrin J, Faridi K, Li Z, Spatz E, Krumholz H, Lu Y. Trends and Key Factors Associated With Racial and Ethnic Differences in Life’s Essential 8 Scores. JAMA Network Open 2025, 8: e2516663. PMID: 40531529, PMCID: PMC12177675, DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2025.16663.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsLife's Essential 8 scoreLife's Essential 8Cross-sectional studyWhite differencesEthnic differencesNational Health and Nutrition Examination SurveyHealth and Nutrition Examination SurveySleep health scoreNutrition Examination SurveyGroup-specific interventionsPrimary positive factorPhysical activityExamination SurveyHealth scoresBlack adultsWhite adultsMain OutcomesAsian adultsOverall scoreEvaluate trendsNicotine exposureEssential 8Blood lipidsAdultsEthnic groupsPrognostic and Predictive Insights From Genomic Assays for Breast Cancer in Diverse Populations
Abdou Y, Kantor O, Racz J, Newman L, Pierce L, Winer E. Prognostic and Predictive Insights From Genomic Assays for Breast Cancer in Diverse Populations. JAMA Oncology 2025, 11: 655-663. PMID: 40178824, DOI: 10.1001/jamaoncol.2025.0178.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsEthnic disparitiesBreast cancer mortality ratesBreast cancerGenomic assaysCancer mortality ratesBiological characteristics of tumorsPredictive valueDiverse populationsGenomic assay resultsBreast cancer outcomesPersonalized clinical decision-makingBasal-like subtypeAggressive tumor phenotypeBreast cancer recurrenceCharacteristics of tumorsRandomized clinical trialsEthnic groupsSocial determinantsClinical decision-makingMultigene assaysLuminal BCancer outcomesDistribution of risk estimatesSurvival outcomesMolecular subtypesExploring Racial, Ethnic, and Gender Representation in Key Academic Anesthesiology Leadership Roles in the USA
Amaya S, Elmitwalli I, Nazir W, Kalsotra S, Yemele Kitio S, Tobias J, Nafiu O. Exploring Racial, Ethnic, and Gender Representation in Key Academic Anesthesiology Leadership Roles in the USA. Journal Of Racial And Ethnic Health Disparities 2025, 1-8. PMID: 40148668, DOI: 10.1007/s40615-025-02379-9.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchGender representationLeadership rolesFellowship program directorsMinority underrepresentationGender inequalityResidency program directorsHealthcare workforceDemographic compositionProgram directorsDemographic trendsEquitable representationInfluence residentsLeadership positionsDemographic dataFostering innovationEthnic groupsTomorrow's leadersGenderImprove patient careAssignment conflictsGender underrepresentationSelection processAcademic anesthesiology programsLeadershipCross-sectional study
2024
Racial and ethnic disparities in alcohol-associated liver disease hospitalizations in Brazil before and after the COVID-19 pandemic
Heringer D, Costa G, Weleff J, Rodrigues V, Sengupta S, Anand A. Racial and ethnic disparities in alcohol-associated liver disease hospitalizations in Brazil before and after the COVID-19 pandemic. Annals Of Hepatology 2024, 30: 101742. PMID: 39653118, DOI: 10.1016/j.aohep.2024.101742.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMonthly hospitalization ratesHospitalization ratesAlcohol-associated liver diseaseHealth-related inequalitiesInterrupted time series analysisIncidence of alcohol‐associated liver diseaseAge of hospitalized patientsPre-pandemic ratesEthnic groupsCOVID-19 pandemicEthnic disparitiesPublic hospitalsStatistically significant decreaseImpact of raceBlack populationHospitalLiver diseaseStudy periodCOVID-19Total populationSignificant decreaseCombined populationWhole populationConsecutive monthsPopulationUrban Environmental Threat Moderates the Relationship Between Depression and Insulin Resistance Among Latinxs With Type 2 Diabetes
Matlock K, Albright‐Pierce M, Bermúdez‐Millán A, Pérez‐Escamilla R, Segura‐Pérez S, Wagner J. Urban Environmental Threat Moderates the Relationship Between Depression and Insulin Resistance Among Latinxs With Type 2 Diabetes. Stress And Health 2024, 40: e3504. PMID: 39579357, PMCID: PMC11636443, DOI: 10.1002/smi.3504.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchDepressive symptomsType 2 diabetesParticipants self-reported depressive symptomsSelf-reported depressive symptomsImpact of depressionMinoritised ethnic groupsHealth-related factorsPatient Health QuestionnaireCommunity sampleFasting blood drawUrban Hassles IndexHealth QuestionnaireLatinx adultsDepressionGreater insulin resistanceInsulin resistanceHOMA-IR formulaUrban living conditionsCalculate insulin resistanceLatinxBlood drawSymptomsSevere symptomsEthnic groupsRegression analysisThe Relationship Between Perceived Discrimination and Reported Nutrient Intake Among Pregnant Individuals of Minoritized Racial and Ethnic Groups
Johnson T, Kan A, Bonner L, Van Horn L, Kershaw K, Grobman W, Lindsay K, Debbink M, Mercer B, Haas D, Saade G, Reddy U, Parry S, Simhan H, Robinson D. The Relationship Between Perceived Discrimination and Reported Nutrient Intake Among Pregnant Individuals of Minoritized Racial and Ethnic Groups. Journal Of The Academy Of Nutrition And Dietetics 2024, 125: 1024-1036. PMID: 39542239, DOI: 10.1016/j.jand.2024.11.007.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchTotal energy intakeFalse discovery rate correctionPerceived DiscriminationNutrient intakeEnergy intakeMonths prior to pregnancySaturated fatIntake of total fatRisk of adverse pregnancy outcomesBlock Food Frequency QuestionnaireNulliparous Pregnancy Outcomes StudyIntake of saturated fatMonitoring Mothers-to-BeIntake of dietary fiberFood frequency questionnaireSecondary data analysisAdverse pregnancy outcomesMothers-to-bePregnancy Outcomes StudyEthnic groupsMultivariate regression modelFood frequencyFrequency questionnairePreconception periodPregnancy outcomesImproving racial/ethnic health equity and naloxone access among people at risk for opioid overdose: A simulation modeling analysis of community‐based naloxone distribution strategies in Massachusetts, United States
Zang X, Skinner A, Li Z, Shaw L, Behrends C, Chatterjee A, Jalali A, Jordan A, Morgan J, Nolen S, Schackman B, Marshall B, Walley A. Improving racial/ethnic health equity and naloxone access among people at risk for opioid overdose: A simulation modeling analysis of community‐based naloxone distribution strategies in Massachusetts, United States. Addiction 2024, 120: 316-326. PMID: 39450522, PMCID: PMC11707306, DOI: 10.1111/add.16691.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchRates of opioid overdose deathsOpioid overdose deathsEthnic disparitiesNaloxone availabilityHealth equityNaloxone distribution strategiesRacial/ethnic groupsHispanic/Latinx populationsHealthcare costsImprove overall population healthOverall population healthOverdose deathsRisk of opioid overdose deathCost per lifePopulation healthNaloxone kitsNaloxone accessSimulation model analysisOpioid overdoseDisparitiesIncremental costPopulation levelAnnual numberHealthcareEthnic groupsFactors Associated With Influenza Vaccination in a National Veteran Cohort
Chen A, Farmer M, Han L, Runels T, Bade B, Crothers K, Bastian L, Bazan I, Bean-Mayberry B, Brandt C, Akgün K. Factors Associated With Influenza Vaccination in a National Veteran Cohort. AJPM Focus 2024, 4: 100290. PMID: 39611140, PMCID: PMC11602634, DOI: 10.1016/j.focus.2024.100290.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchOdds of vaccinationInfluenza vaccineFemale veteransAmerican Indian/Alaskan Native raceFactors associated with influenza vaccinationReceipt of influenza vaccinationDocumenting influenza vaccinationReduced oddsRetrospective cohort studyElectronic health record dataMale veteransHealth record dataAmbulatory care utilizationInfluenza seasonRuralMale sexWhite male veteransWhite veteransAssociated with raceCohort studyBlack veteransBlack raceEthnic groupsRacial disparitiesInfluenzaAssociation between family history with lung cancer incidence and mortality risk in the Asia Cohort Consortium
Kishida R, Yin X, Abe S, Rahman S, Saito E, Islam R, Lan Q, Blechter B, Rothman N, Sawada N, Tamakoshi A, Shu X, Hozawa A, Kanemura S, Kim J, Sugawara Y, Park S, Kweon S, Ahsan H, Boffetta P, Chia K, Matsuo K, Qiao Y, Zheng W, Inoue M, Kang D, Seow W. Association between family history with lung cancer incidence and mortality risk in the Asia Cohort Consortium. International Journal Of Cancer 2024, 156: 723-733. PMID: 39361428, PMCID: PMC11661513, DOI: 10.1002/ijc.35191.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchFamily history of lung cancerAsia Cohort ConsortiumCohort ConsortiumLC incidenceSmoking statusFamily historyHazard ratioRisk of lung cancerIncreased risk of lung adenocarcinomaHistory of lung cancerConfidence intervalsLung cancer incidenceSignificant effect modificationEstimate hazard ratiosIncreased riskPopulation-based cohortCox proportional hazards regression modelsRisk of lung adenocarcinomaProspective cohort studyAssociated with increased riskLung cancerProportional hazards regression modelsEthnic groupsHazards regression modelsCancer incidenceRacial and Ethnic Disparities in Age-Specific All-Cause Mortality During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Faust J, Renton B, Bongiovanni T, Chen A, Sheares K, Du C, Essien U, Fuentes-Afflick E, Haywood T, Khera R, King T, Li S, Lin Z, Lu Y, Marshall A, Ndumele C, Opara I, Loarte-Rodriguez T, Sawano M, Taparra K, Taylor H, Watson K, Yancy C, Krumholz H. Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Age-Specific All-Cause Mortality During the COVID-19 Pandemic. JAMA Network Open 2024, 7: e2438918. PMID: 39392630, PMCID: PMC11581672, DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.38918.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsCOVID-19 public health emergencyNon-HispanicPublic health emergencyOther Pacific IslanderExcess mortalityAlaska NativesUS populationExcess deathsRates of excess mortalityCross-sectional study analyzed dataYears of potential lifeMortality relative riskNon-Hispanic whitesCross-sectional studyPacific IslandersStudy analyzed dataAll-Cause MortalityEthnic groupsMortality disparitiesMortality ratioTotal populationDeath certificatesEthnic disparitiesMain OutcomesDecedent ageRacial and Ethnic Discrimination and Medical Students’ Identity Formation
Venkataraman S, Nguyen M, Chaudhry S, Desai M, Hajduk A, Mason H, Webber A, Boatright D. Racial and Ethnic Discrimination and Medical Students’ Identity Formation. JAMA Network Open 2024, 7: e2439727. PMID: 39412803, PMCID: PMC11581615, DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.39727.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsBlack studentsWhite studentsCross-sectional studyMedical schoolsProfessional developmentMedical studentsMedical educationStudent identity formationHolistic student developmentIdentity formationUS medical studentsProfessional identity formationEthnic discriminationEthnic groupsRetrospective cross-sectional studyStudent developmentInclusive environmentMain OutcomesStudentsSchoolDeidentified dataRisk differenceLikert scaleEducationCombat discriminationPerceptions of Care and Perceived Discrimination: A Qualitative Assessment of Adults Living with Sickle Cell Disease
Crusto C, Kaufman J, Harvanek Z, Nelson C, Forray A. Perceptions of Care and Perceived Discrimination: A Qualitative Assessment of Adults Living with Sickle Cell Disease. Journal Of Racial And Ethnic Health Disparities 2024, 1-10. PMID: 39227547, DOI: 10.1007/s40615-024-02153-3.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchSickle cell diseaseHealth care providersExperiences of adultsDiagnosis of sickle cell diseaseExperiences of discriminationAssessment of adultsCare providersExperiences of biasPublic health concernTertiary medical centerThematic analysisFocus groupsPoor communicationCell diseaseOutpatient clinicTeaching hospitalPerceived DiscriminationMedical CenterHealth concernAverage ageParticipantsCareEthnic groupsProvidersHealthEstimated Number of Children Who Lost a Parent to Drug Overdose in the US From 2011 to 2021
Jones C, Zhang K, Han B, Guy G, Losby J, Einstein E, Delphin-Rittmon M, Volkow N, Compton W. Estimated Number of Children Who Lost a Parent to Drug Overdose in the US From 2011 to 2021. JAMA Psychiatry 2024, 81: 789-796. PMID: 38717781, PMCID: PMC11079787, DOI: 10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2024.0810.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchAverage annual percentage changeNon-HispanicRate of childrenNon-Hispanic Black individualsNon-Hispanic white individualsNational Vital Statistics SystemDrug overdoseCommunity-dwelling personsNon-Hispanic Black parentsAnnual percentage changeHealth care needsCommunity-dwelling childrenNational Survey on Drug Use and HealthVital Statistics SystemDrug Use and HealthParental ageOverdose deathsCross-sectional studyAlaska Native individualsImpact of parental lossEthnic groupsCare needsDrug overdose deathsMain OutcomesWhite individualsMitigating Racial Bias in Health Care Algorithms: Improving Fairness in Access to Supportive Housing
Noam K, Schmutte T, Bory C, Plant R. Mitigating Racial Bias in Health Care Algorithms: Improving Fairness in Access to Supportive Housing. Psychiatric Services 2024, 75: 1167-1171. PMID: 38938093, DOI: 10.1176/appi.ps.20230359.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMedicaid beneficiariesMitigate racial biasEthnic parityHousing supportSupportive housingChronic health needsCoordinated health careRacial biasHealth needsEthnic biasEthnic groupsDiverse stakeholdersHealth careBeneficiariesIncreased scrutinyHousingHealth care decisionsHomelessnessReview outputsSupportCare decisionsHealthAuthorsScrutinyStakeholdersAssociations Between Neighborhood Resources and Youths’ Response to Reward Omission in a Task Modeling Negatively Biased Environments
Brown B, Nguyen L, Morales I, Cardinale E, Tseng W, McKay C, Kircanski K, Brotman M, Pine D, Leibenluft E, Linke J. Associations Between Neighborhood Resources and Youths’ Response to Reward Omission in a Task Modeling Negatively Biased Environments. Journal Of The American Academy Of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry 2024, 64: 463-474. PMID: 38763411, DOI: 10.1016/j.jaac.2024.05.011.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchChildhood Opportunity IndexPaper self-identifiesNeighborhood resourcesAbstractText Label="DIVERSITY &Functional magnetic resonance imagingAbstractText Label="METHOD" NlmCategory="METHODS">Ethnic groupsReward omissionBlocked goalsNeurobiological levelMood disordersNeurodevelopmental trajectoriesLocal processing modeMental healthReduced connectivityDiverse sampleInvestigate associationsControl networkNeighborhood featuresQuantify accessProvincial hubsPromote sexRewardOpportunity IndexMagnetic resonance imagingStatus epilepticus in Auckland, New Zealand: Treatment patterns and determinants of outcome in a prospective population‐based cohort
Fong M, Stephens E, Brockington A, Jayabal J, Scott S, Zhang T, Litchfield R, Beilharz E, Dalziel S, Jones P, Yates K, Thornton V, Bergin P. Status epilepticus in Auckland, New Zealand: Treatment patterns and determinants of outcome in a prospective population‐based cohort. Epilepsia 2024, 65: 1605-1619. PMID: 38634858, DOI: 10.1111/epi.17975.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchHealth care systemCare systemStatus Epilepticus Severity ScoreProspective population-based cohortMulticenter population-based studyUniversal health careStatus epilepticusPopulation-based cohortPre-hospital settingEthnic groupsTreatment patternsHealth careSE durationContinuous minutesNew ZealandHospital admissionIncidence of SEDuration of SETreatment of status epilepticusHigh Status Epilepticus Severity ScoreHealthOlder patientsTreatment of SEDeterminants of outcomeEthnic discrepanciesTrends in Stroke Thrombolysis Care Metrics and Outcomes by Race and Ethnicity, 2003-2021
Man S, Solomon N, Mac Grory B, Alhanti B, Saver J, Smith E, Xian Y, Bhatt D, Schwamm L, Uchino K, Fonarow G. Trends in Stroke Thrombolysis Care Metrics and Outcomes by Race and Ethnicity, 2003-2021. JAMA Network Open 2024, 7: e2352927. PMID: 38324315, PMCID: PMC10851100, DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.52927.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsDoor-to-needleDoor-to-needle timeHispanic patientsWhite patientsAssociated with improvementsThrombolysis rateCohort studyEthnic groupsQuality InitiativeCohort study of patientsCare qualityCare metricsPre-testIschemic strokeEthnic disparitiesRetrospective cohort studyMain OutcomesPatient functionIschemic stroke onsetSecondary outcomesPrimary outcomeStudy of patientsOddsAcute ischemic strokeStroke onsetRacial and Ethnic Differences in Heroin, Methamphetamine, and Cocaine Use, Treatment, and Mortality Trends in 3 National Data Sources—United States, 2010-2019
Shearer R, Segel J, Howell B, Jones A, Khatri U, da Silva D, Vest N, Winkelman T. Racial and Ethnic Differences in Heroin, Methamphetamine, and Cocaine Use, Treatment, and Mortality Trends in 3 National Data Sources—United States, 2010-2019. Medical Care 2024, 62: 151-160. PMID: 38180005, PMCID: PMC10922552, DOI: 10.1097/mlr.0000000000001969.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchOverdose deathsSubstance useTreatment admissionsCocaine useTreatment Episode Data Set-AdmissionsOverdose crisisMultiple causesMultiple substancesComprehensive surveillance dataCross-sectional analysisSubstance-related measuresPublic health officialsEthnic groupsRate of useSelf-reported useTreatment strategiesDeath filesNational data sourcesOverdose mortalityDrug useSpecific substancesMortality trendsSurveillance dataAdmissionEffective prevention
2023
Seroprevalence Of SARS-COV-2 infection in asymptomatic indigenous from the largest Brazilian periurban area
de Oliveira L, Dos Santos Barbosa M, Leite Torres A, Croda M, Oliveira da Silva B, Dos Santos P, Rossoni R, Machado L, Croda J, Maymone Gonçalves C, Marques M, da Silva Ferreira T, Sardi S, Campos G, de Almeida G, Alves Gomes M, Marchioro S, Simionatto S. Seroprevalence Of SARS-COV-2 infection in asymptomatic indigenous from the largest Brazilian periurban area. PLOS ONE 2023, 18: e0295211. PMID: 38134187, PMCID: PMC10745159, DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0295211.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsEnzyme-linked immunosorbent assayCoronaVac inactivated vaccinesSARS-CoV-2SARS-CoV-2 infectionEnzyme-linked immunosorbent assay methodMedian ageSARS-CoV-2 antibodiesSeroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 antibodiesSeroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2Asymptomatic individualsRapid testSeropositivity rateBlood samplesEthnic groupsElevated seroprevalenceImmunosorbent assaySeroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 infectionSARS-CoV-2 rapid testSeropositivityAntibodiesVulnerable ethnic groupsSeroprevalence
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