2025
Lurbinectedin (lurbi) + atezolizumab (atezo) as first-line (1L) maintenance treatment (tx) in patients (pts) with extensive-stage small cell lung cancer (ES-SCLC): Primary results of the phase 3 IMforte trial.
Paz-Ares L, Borghaei H, Liu S, Peters S, Herbst R, Stencel K, Majem M, Czyżewicz G, Bernabe Caro R, Lee K, Johnson M, Karadurmus N, Grohe C, Cuchelkar V, Graupner V, Kaul M, Lin Y, Chakrabarti D, Bhatt K, Reck M. Lurbinectedin (lurbi) + atezolizumab (atezo) as first-line (1L) maintenance treatment (tx) in patients (pts) with extensive-stage small cell lung cancer (ES-SCLC): Primary results of the phase 3 IMforte trial. Journal Of Clinical Oncology 2025, 43: 8006-8006. DOI: 10.1200/jco.2025.43.16_suppl.8006.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchExtensive-stage small cell lung cancerReceipt of prophylactic cranial irradiationGlobal phase 3 studySmall cell lung cancerProphylactic cranial irradiationPlatinum-based chemotherapySignificant OS benefitPhase 3 studyCell lung cancerClinically meaningful benefitLong-term survivalMaintenance phaseStratified log-rankPD-(L)1RECIST v1.1ECOG PSOS benefitOS improvementCranial irradiationLiver metastasesOpen-labelEligible ptsAggressive diseaseFirst-linePrimary endpoint
2020
Association Between Prophylactic Cranial Irradiation and Improved Overall Survival in Small Cell Lung Cancer
Yang D, Park H, Jairam V, Decker R, Chiang A, Gross C, Yu J. Association Between Prophylactic Cranial Irradiation and Improved Overall Survival in Small Cell Lung Cancer. International Journal Of Radiation Oncology • Biology • Physics 2020, 108: e106. DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2020.07.1223.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchUse of prophylactic cranial irradiation in patients with extensive-stage small cell lung cancer receiving immunotherapy.
Yang D, Jairam V, Park H, Decker R, Chiang A, Gross C, Yu J. Use of prophylactic cranial irradiation in patients with extensive-stage small cell lung cancer receiving immunotherapy. Journal Of Clinical Oncology 2020, 38: e19309-e19309. DOI: 10.1200/jco.2020.38.15_suppl.e19309.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchExtensive-stage small-cell lung cancerFirst-line chemoSmall cell lung cancerES-SCLC patientsCell lung cancerSurvival benefitIO patientsLung cancerStudy periodFirst-line atezolizumabInitial systemic therapyProphylactic cranial irradiationFirst-line chemotherapyRetrospective cohort analysisContemporary practice patternsDe-identified databaseUse of PCIEffectiveness of PCICHEMO patientsCranial irradiationIO therapyPCI useSystemic therapyMRI surveillancePractice patterns
2019
Prophylactic cranial irradiation is associated with improved survival following resection for limited stage small cell lung cancer
Resio BJ, Hoag J, Chiu A, Monsalve A, Dhanasopon AP, Boffa DJ, Blasberg JD. Prophylactic cranial irradiation is associated with improved survival following resection for limited stage small cell lung cancer. Journal Of Thoracic Disease 2019, 11: 811-818. PMID: 31019769, PMCID: PMC6462708, DOI: 10.21037/jtd.2019.01.64.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchSmall cell lung cancerProphylactic cranial irradiationNational Cancer DatabaseCell lung cancerSurgical resectionCranial irradiationLymph nodesLung cancerLimited stage small cell lung cancerStage small cell lung cancerAppropriate adjuvant chemotherapyInitial surgical resectionMultivariable Cox modelNegative lymph nodesNode-positive patientsPositive lymph nodesCox multivariable analysisSubset of patientsKaplan-Meier analysisMonths of resectionHazard of deathAdjuvant chemotherapyCranial radiationBrain metastasesPreoperative chemotherapy
2017
Prophylactic Cranial Irradiation for Extensive-Stage Small-Cell Lung Cancer: A Retrospective Analysis
Matutino A, Mak M, Takahashi T, Bitton R, Nakazato D, Fraile N, Guimarães R, Gabrielli F, Vasconcelos K, de A. Carvalho H, de Castro G. Prophylactic Cranial Irradiation for Extensive-Stage Small-Cell Lung Cancer: A Retrospective Analysis. Journal Of Global Oncology 2017, 4: jgo.17.00059. PMID: 30241202, PMCID: PMC6181177, DOI: 10.1200/jgo.17.00059.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsExtensive-stage small-cell lung cancerProphylactic cranial irradiationSmall cell lung cancerProgression-free survivalBrain metastasesOverall survivalCranial irradiationLung cancerBenefit of PCISymptomatic brain metastasesFirst-line settingSecond-line chemotherapyKaplan-Meier methodPlatinum-based chemotherapyCareful patient selectionBrain metastasis controlBaseline brainEligible patientsSystemic chemotherapyChemotherapy exposureProgressive diseasePatient selectionTherapeutic challengeDecreased incidencePatient survival
2015
A prospective trial of dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI perfusion and fluorine-18 FDG PET-CT in differentiating brain tumor progression from radiation injury after cranial irradiation
Hatzoglou V, Yang TJ, Omuro A, Gavrilovic I, Ulaner G, Rubel J, Schneider T, Woo KM, Zhang Z, Peck KK, Beal K, Young RJ. A prospective trial of dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI perfusion and fluorine-18 FDG PET-CT in differentiating brain tumor progression from radiation injury after cranial irradiation. Neuro-Oncology 2015, 18: 873-880. PMID: 26688076, PMCID: PMC4864262, DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/nov301.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsRadiation injuryPET-CTRadiation therapyProspective trialDCE-MRITumor progressionMaximum standardized uptake valueFluorine-18 fluorodeoxyglucose PET-CTFDG PET-CTDiagnosis of progressionNormal brain ratioFluorodeoxyglucose PET-CTStandardized uptake valueDynamic contrast-enhanced MRIWilcoxon rank sum testContrast-enhanced MRIBrain tumor progressionEffective imaging techniqueVolume transfer coefficientRank sum testCranial irradiationBrain ratioBrain malignanciesLesion outcomeBrain lesions
2014
Prophylactic Cranial Irradiation for Patients With Locally Advanced Non–Small-Cell Lung Cancer at High Risk for Brain Metastases
Park HS, Decker RH, Wilson LD, Yu JB. Prophylactic Cranial Irradiation for Patients With Locally Advanced Non–Small-Cell Lung Cancer at High Risk for Brain Metastases. Clinical Lung Cancer 2014, 16: 292-297. PMID: 25499149, DOI: 10.1016/j.cllc.2014.11.005.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsProphylactic cranial irradiationLA-NSCLC patientsSequential landmark analysesCell lung cancerBrain metastasesHigh riskCranial irradiationSurvival benefitLung cancerLandmark analysisEffect of PCICox proportional hazards regressionNon-PCI patientsOverall survival benefitEnd Results (SEER) databaseHigh-risk patientsStage III NSCLCGroup of patientsProportional hazards regressionLog-rank testSignificant survival differenceImmortal time biasPopulation-based analysisAdult patientsOnly patientsComparison of MRI Perfusion and PET-CT in Differentiating Brain Tumor Progression From Radiation Injury After Cranial Irradiation
Yang T, Young R, Hatzoglou V, Ulaner G, Schneider T, Omuro A, Chan T, Yamada Y, Beal K. Comparison of MRI Perfusion and PET-CT in Differentiating Brain Tumor Progression From Radiation Injury After Cranial Irradiation. International Journal Of Radiation Oncology • Biology • Physics 2014, 90: s164. DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2014.05.660.Peer-Reviewed Original Research
2011
Prophylactic Cranial Irradiation for High-Risk Patients with Locally Advanced Non-small Cell Lung Cancer
Park H, Decker R, Wilson L, Yu J. Prophylactic Cranial Irradiation for High-Risk Patients with Locally Advanced Non-small Cell Lung Cancer. International Journal Of Radiation Oncology • Biology • Physics 2011, 81: s627. DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2011.06.1866.Peer-Reviewed Original Research
2010
Improved Intratumoral Oxygenation Through Vascular Normalization Increases Glioma Sensitivity to Ionizing Radiation
McGee M, Hamner J, Williams R, Rosati S, Sims T, Ng C, Gaber M, Calabrese C, Wu J, Nathwani A, Duntsch C, Merchant T, Davidoff A. Improved Intratumoral Oxygenation Through Vascular Normalization Increases Glioma Sensitivity to Ionizing Radiation. International Journal Of Radiation Oncology • Biology • Physics 2010, 76: 1537-1545. PMID: 20338480, PMCID: PMC2846307, DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2009.12.010.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsTumor vasculatureIntratumoral oxygenationIFN-betaTumor oxygenationEfficacy of ionizing radiationAdministration of IFN-betaEndothelial cell stainingDysfunctional tumor vasculatureCell stainingQuantitative bioluminescence imagingIonizing RadiationAreas of necrosisCranial irradiationAntiglioma efficacyVascular normalizationU87 xenograftsHypoxyprobe stainingBevacizumabImmunohistochemical stainingTumor growthInterferon-betaVascular phenotypePharmacological manipulationTumorBioluminescence imaging
2008
Advances in Radiotherapy for Lung Cancer
Decker R, Wilson L. Advances in Radiotherapy for Lung Cancer. Seminars In Respiratory And Critical Care Medicine 2008, 29: 285-290. PMID: 18506666, DOI: 10.1055/s-2008-1076748.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsLung cancerAggressive local therapyEarly lung tumorsProphylactic cranial irradiationPositron emission tomographic imagingDefinitive treatment optionCell lung cancerRole of radiosurgeryOngoing clinical investigationsEmission tomographic imagingNormal tissue toxicityCranial irradiationPalliative therapyPostoperative radiationLocal therapyLung irradiationAdvanced tumorsTreatment optionsCancer helpLung tumorsRadiation therapyClinical investigationRadiation treatment planningTissue toxicityTherapy
2004
Systematic Review Evaluating the Timing of Thoracic Radiation Therapy in Combined Modality Therapy for Limited-Stage Small-Cell Lung Cancer
Fried DB, Morris DE, Poole C, Rosenman JG, Halle JS, Detterbeck FC, Hensing TA, Socinski MA. Systematic Review Evaluating the Timing of Thoracic Radiation Therapy in Combined Modality Therapy for Limited-Stage Small-Cell Lung Cancer. Journal Of Clinical Oncology 2004, 22: 4837-4845. PMID: 15570087, DOI: 10.1200/jco.2004.01.178.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsCarcinoma, Non-Small-Cell LungChemotherapy, AdjuvantCombined Modality TherapyConfidence IntervalsDose Fractionation, RadiationDose-Response Relationship, RadiationHumansLung NeoplasmsNeoplasm StagingOdds RatioPneumonectomyPrognosisRadiotherapy DosageRadiotherapy, AdjuvantRandomized Controlled Trials as TopicRisk AssessmentSurvival AnalysisTreatment OutcomeConceptsThoracic radiation therapyPlatinum-based chemotherapyRisk ratioRadiation therapyLS-SCLCLung cancerLimited-stage small cell lung cancerSmall cell lung cancerHyperfractionated radiation therapyLimited-Stage SmallProphylactic cranial irradiationCombined modality therapyCell lung cancerCranial irradiationChemotherapy regimensChemotherapeutic regimenModality therapySurvival benefitRandomized trialsDaily fractionationSubset analysisRadiation fractionationRT relativeRisk differenceChemotherapy
1990
Ten-year survival of patients with small-cell lung cancer treated with combination chemotherapy with or without irradiation.
Johnson B, Grayson J, Makuch R, Linnoila R, Anderson M, Cohen M, Glatstein E, Minna J, Ihde D. Ten-year survival of patients with small-cell lung cancer treated with combination chemotherapy with or without irradiation. Journal Of Clinical Oncology 1990, 8: 396-401. PMID: 2155310, DOI: 10.1200/jco.1990.8.3.396.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsSmall cell lung cancerLung cancerLung cancer 2Initiation of chemotherapyTen-year survivalCell lung cancerTherapeutic clinical trialsCranial irradiationCombination chemotherapyOriginal malignancySecond cancersClinical trialsHigh riskPatientsCancer 2CancerChemotherapyMalignancyMore yearsCauseYearsChestDiagnosisTrials
1986
Late intensive combined modality therapy followed by autologous bone marrow infusion in extensive-stage small-cell lung cancer.
Ihde D, Deisseroth A, Lichter A, Bunn P, Carney D, Cohen M, Veach S, Makuch R, Johnston-Early A, Abrams R. Late intensive combined modality therapy followed by autologous bone marrow infusion in extensive-stage small-cell lung cancer. Journal Of Clinical Oncology 1986, 4: 1443-54. PMID: 3020181, DOI: 10.1200/jco.1986.4.10.1443.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsExtensive-stage SCLC patientsProphylactic cranial irradiationComplete responseAutologous bone marrowPartial responseSCLC patientsModality therapyTumor regressionMedical conditionsExtensive-stage small-cell lung cancer patientsExtensive-stage small-cell lung cancerSmall cell lung cancer patientsAutologous bone marrow infusionMajor non-hematologic toxicitySmall cell lung cancerExtensive-stage patientsNon-hematologic toxicitiesWeeks of cyclophosphamideWeeks of vincristineBone marrow infusionGood medical conditionPoor medical conditionLung cancer patientsBetter tumor regressionCranial irradiation
1985
Neurologic, neuropsychologic, and computed cranial tomography scan abnormalities in 2- to 10-year survivors of small-cell lung cancer.
Johnson B, Becker B, Goff W, Petronas N, Krehbiel M, Makuch R, McKenna G, Glatstein E, Ihde D. Neurologic, neuropsychologic, and computed cranial tomography scan abnormalities in 2- to 10-year survivors of small-cell lung cancer. Journal Of Clinical Oncology 1985, 3: 1659-67. PMID: 2999346, DOI: 10.1200/jco.1985.3.12.1659.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsProphylactic cranial irradiationMental status examinationLarge radiotherapy fractionsCranial irradiationStatus ExaminationScan abnormalitiesNeuropsychologic testingSmall-cell lung cancer trialHigh-dose induction chemotherapyLow-dose maintenance chemotherapySmall cell lung cancerRadiotherapy fractionsAbnormal neurologic examinationCranial tomography scanProgressive ventricular dilatationTherapeutic cranial irradiationTomography scan abnormalitiesHigh-dose chemotherapyStart of therapyLong-term survivorsLung cancer trialsMajority of casesCCT findingsInduction chemotherapyMaintenance chemotherapyPatients with small-cell lung cancer treated with combination chemotherapy with or without irradiation. Data on potential cures, chronic toxicities, and late relapses after a five- to eleven-year follow-up.
JOHNSON B, IHDE D, BUNN P, BECKER B, WALSH T, WEINSTEIN Z, MATTHEWS M, WHANG-PENG J, MAKUCH R, JOHNSTON-EARLY A, LICHTER A, CARNEY D, COHEN M, GLATSTEIN E, MINNA J. Patients with small-cell lung cancer treated with combination chemotherapy with or without irradiation. Data on potential cures, chronic toxicities, and late relapses after a five- to eleven-year follow-up. Annals Of Internal Medicine 1985, 103: 430-8. PMID: 2992337, DOI: 10.7326/0003-4819-103-3-430.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAdultAgedAntineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy ProtocolsBrainCarcinoma, Small CellCombined Modality TherapyFemaleFollow-Up StudiesHematologic DiseasesHumansLung NeoplasmsMaleMemory DisordersMiddle AgedNeoplasm Recurrence, LocalNervous System DiseasesRadiotherapyRespiratory Function TestsConceptsSmall cell lung cancerLung cancerCombination chemotherapyEvidence of cancerCancer-free survivalCell lung cancerCranial irradiationAggressive therapyLate toxicityUnrelated causesLate relapseTherapeutic trialsCancer 5PatientsPotential cureThirty-monthCancerChemotherapyRelapseCureChronic toxicityMonthsSurvivalEleven yearsToxicityThe role of radiation therapy in the treatment of small cell lung cancer
Lichter A, Bunn P, Ihde D, Cohen M, Makuch R, Carney D, Johnston‐Early A, Minna J, Glatstein E. The role of radiation therapy in the treatment of small cell lung cancer. Cancer 1985, 55: 2163-2175. PMID: 2983875, DOI: 10.1002/1097-0142(19850501)55:9+<2163::aid-cncr2820551420>3.0.co;2-y.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAntineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy ProtocolsBrain NeoplasmsCarcinoma, Small CellClinical Trials as TopicCombined Modality TherapyCyclophosphamideDoxorubicinFollow-Up StudiesHumansLomustineLung NeoplasmsMethotrexateProcarbazineProspective StudiesRadiotherapyRadiotherapy DosageRandom AllocationTime FactorsVincristineWhole-Body IrradiationConceptsSmall cell lung cancerLimited-stage small cell lung cancerProphylactic cranial irradiationCell lung cancerCranial irradiationThoracic irradiationLung cancerExtensive-stage small-cell lung cancerComplete response statusLimited-stage diseaseOptimal treatment approachCombination of chemotherapyMinimum of toxicityLong-term survivalSystemic irradiationSystemic chemotherapyAggressive therapyPartial responseCNS failureResponse statusTreatment protocolOngoing protocolRadiation therapyTreatment approachesPatientsActuarial risk of isolated cns involvement in Ewing's sarcoma following prophylactic cranial irradiation and intrathecal methotrexate
Trigg M, Makuch R, Glaubiger D. Actuarial risk of isolated cns involvement in Ewing's sarcoma following prophylactic cranial irradiation and intrathecal methotrexate. International Journal Of Radiation Oncology • Biology • Physics 1985, 11: 699-702. PMID: 3838542, DOI: 10.1016/0360-3016(85)90300-1.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsEwing's sarcomaIntrathecal methotrexateCNS irradiationProphylactic cranial irradiationGroup of patientsCurrent treatment regimensLack of efficacyNational Cancer InstituteCranial irradiationInitial therapyCNS involvementCNS recurrenceTreatment regimensCNS treatmentIrradiation regimenCancer InstituteActuarial riskSarcomaOverall riskPatientsTherapyMethotrexateRiskCNSInvolvement
1984
A comparison of computed tomography and radionuclide scanning for detection of brain metastases in small cell lung cancer.
Crane J, Nelson M, Ihde D, Makuch R, Glatstein E, Zabell A, Johnston-Early A, Bates H, Saini N, Cohen M. A comparison of computed tomography and radionuclide scanning for detection of brain metastases in small cell lung cancer. Journal Of Clinical Oncology 1984, 2: 1017-24. PMID: 6088707, DOI: 10.1200/jco.1984.2.9.1017.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsSmall cell lung cancerRadionuclide brain scanCell lung cancerBrain metastasesCT scanBrain scansAsymptomatic patientsNeurologic signsLung cancerExtensive-stage diseaseTherapeutic cranial irradiationTomographic brain scansCT brain scanSix-month intervalsCranial irradiationRN scansSCLC patientsAsymptomatic lesionsSymptomatic patientsSystemic therapyConsecutive patientsNeurologic historyComputed tomographyPatientsMetastasis
1983
Role of prophylactic cranial irradiation in prevention of central nervous system metastases in small cell lung cancer Potential benefit restricted to patients with complete response
Rosen S, Makuch R, Lichter A, Ihde D, Matthews M, Minna J, Glatstein E, Bunn P. Role of prophylactic cranial irradiation in prevention of central nervous system metastases in small cell lung cancer Potential benefit restricted to patients with complete response. The American Journal Of Medicine 1983, 74: 615-624. PMID: 6301274, DOI: 10.1016/0002-9343(83)91019-7.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsCentral nervous system metastasesProphylactic cranial irradiationNervous system metastasesCranial irradiationComplete responsePrognostic featuresSystemic therapyCentral nervous system relapseSmall cell lung cancerInvolvement of liverPercent of patientsNervous system relapseSystemic combination chemotherapySubset of patientsTwo-year survivalCell lung cancerStage of diseaseCentral nervous systemNational Cancer InstituteChest irradiationComplete remissionEpidural metastasesOverall survivalCombination chemotherapyIntracerebral metastases
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