2007
Glutamatergic and GABAergic Neurotransmitter Cycling and Energy Metabolism in Rat Cerebral Cortex during Postnatal Development
Chowdhury G, Patel AB, Mason GF, Rothman DL, Behar KL. Glutamatergic and GABAergic Neurotransmitter Cycling and Energy Metabolism in Rat Cerebral Cortex during Postnatal Development. Cerebrovascular And Brain Metabolism Reviews 2007, 27: 1895-1907. PMID: 17440492, DOI: 10.1038/sj.jcbfm.9600490.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAcetatesAlgorithmsAmino AcidsAnimalsBlood GlucoseBrain ChemistryCerebral CortexCitric Acid CycleData Interpretation, StatisticalEnergy MetabolismGamma-Aminobutyric AcidGlucoseGlutamic AcidKineticsMagnetic Resonance SpectroscopyMaleNeurogliaNeuronsNeurotransmitter AgentsRatsRats, Sprague-DawleyConceptsNeurotransmitter cyclingThree-compartment metabolic modelEnergy metabolismRat cerebral cortexUrethane-anesthetized ratsPostnatal day 10Gamma-aminobutyric acidGABA neuronsTCA cycle fluxCerebral cortexAdult cortexPostnatal developmentDay 10Oxidative energy metabolismCycle fluxIndividual neuronsAcid levelsContribution of glutamatergicGrowth spurtNeuronsTricarboxylic acid cycle fluxAmino acid levelsTotal cyclingTime courseCortex
2001
Quantitative functional imaging of the brain: towards mapping neuronal activity by BOLD fMRI
Hyder F, Kida I, Behar K, Kennan R, Maciejewski P, Rothman D. Quantitative functional imaging of the brain: towards mapping neuronal activity by BOLD fMRI. NMR In Biomedicine 2001, 14: 413-431. PMID: 11746934, DOI: 10.1002/nbm.733.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsMagnetic resonance imagingNeuronal activityBOLD functional MRIFunctional MRICerebral cortexPharmacological treatmentGlutamate release inhibitorNeuronal glucose oxidationRat cerebral cortexRelease of glutamateRat forepaw stimulation modelFMRI signalsFunctional magnetic resonance imagingQuantitative magnetic resonance imagingBlood oxygenation levelBOLD fMRI studiesEnergy metabolismBOLD fMRI signalMulti-modal magnetic resonance imagingGlutamatergic neuronsRelease inhibitorChannel blockersRat brainOxygen deliveryNeurochemical basisIn Vivo Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Studies of Glutamate-γ-Aminobutyric Acid-Glutamine Cycling in Rodent and Human Cortex: the Central Role of Glutamine
Behar K, Rothman D. In Vivo Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Studies of Glutamate-γ-Aminobutyric Acid-Glutamine Cycling in Rodent and Human Cortex: the Central Role of Glutamine. Journal Of Nutrition 2001, 131: 2498s-2504s. PMID: 11533301, DOI: 10.1093/jn/131.9.2498s.Peer-Reviewed Reviews, Practice Guidelines, Standards, and Consensus StatementsConceptsGamma-aminobutyric acidGlutamate-GABACortical glucose utilizationCortical electrical activityNet glutamine synthesisCerebral cortexInhibitory neurotransmitterMajor excitatoryBrain glutamateGlutamine synthesisNeurotransmitter glutamateRodent cortexGlucose utilizationHuman cortexGlutamine cycleElectrical activityCortexCentral roleGlutamine cyclingCommon mechanismGlucose oxidationGlutamateVivo nuclear magnetic resonance studiesRodentsGlutamineIn vivo13C NMR measurement of neurotransmitter glutamate cycling, anaplerosis and TCA cycle flux in rat brain during [2‐13C]glucose infusion
Sibson N, Mason G, Shen J, Cline G, Herskovits A, Wall J, Behar K, Rothman D, Shulman R. In vivo13C NMR measurement of neurotransmitter glutamate cycling, anaplerosis and TCA cycle flux in rat brain during [2‐13C]glucose infusion. Journal Of Neurochemistry 2001, 76: 975-989. PMID: 11181817, DOI: 10.1046/j.1471-4159.2001.00074.x.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsGlutamate/glutamine cyclingCerebral cortexAstrocytic tricarboxylic acid cycleGlutamine cyclingRat cerebral cortexGlutamine synthesisDe novo glutamine synthesisAnesthetized ratsRat brainNeurotransmitter glutamateHyperammonemic conditionsGlutamate cyclingInfusionGlutamate precursorCortexBrainTCA cycle fluxAnaplerosisMajor metabolic fluxTricarboxylic acid cycleCycle fluxDifferential increase in cerebral cortical glucose oxidative metabolism during rat postnatal development is greater in vivo than in vitro
Novotny E, Ariyan C, Mason G, O’Reilly J, Haddad G, Behar K. Differential increase in cerebral cortical glucose oxidative metabolism during rat postnatal development is greater in vivo than in vitro. Brain Research 2001, 888: 193-202. PMID: 11150475, DOI: 10.1016/s0006-8993(00)03051-1.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsGlucose oxidative metabolismNeocortical slicesOxidative metabolismRat postnatal developmentCortical glutamateCerebral cortexCortex maturesPostnatal dayPostnatal developmentAge groupsCortexMitochondrial TCA cycleGreater increaseVivoGlucose oxidationTCA cycle fluxDifferential increaseAcid extractsMetabolismSlicesDeafferentiationCycle fluxRats
2000
Brain regional development of the activity of α-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase complex in the rat
Buerstatte C, Behar K, Novotny E, Lai J. Brain regional development of the activity of α-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase complex in the rat. Brain Research 2000, 125: 139-145. PMID: 11154769, DOI: 10.1016/s0165-3806(00)00134-6.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsAdult levelsKGDHC activityCerebral cortexOlfactory bulbPostnatal day 2Age-dependent increaseGlucose oxidative metabolismAlpha-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase complex activityRat brainDay 2Pathophysiological implicationsPostnatal developmentDistinct region-specific patternsNeurotransmitter synthesisRegion-specific patternsOxidative metabolismDehydrogenase complex activityHippocampusStriatumEnergy metabolismCerebellumP30TCA cycle fluxP17P10
1999
Determination of the rate of the glutamate/glutamine cycle in the human brain by in vivo 13C NMR
Shen J, Petersen K, Behar K, Brown P, Nixon T, Mason G, Petroff O, Shulman G, Shulman R, Rothman D. Determination of the rate of the glutamate/glutamine cycle in the human brain by in vivo 13C NMR. Proceedings Of The National Academy Of Sciences Of The United States Of America 1999, 96: 8235-8240. PMID: 10393978, PMCID: PMC22218, DOI: 10.1073/pnas.96.14.8235.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsGlutamate/glutamine cycleGlutamine cycleCerebral cortexMin/Rat cerebral cortexVivo 13C NMR spectraGlucose oxidation ratesHuman brainGlucose oxidationGlutamatergic activityRat modelTricarboxylic acid cycle rateParietal lobeHuman cortexCortexTime courseBrainGlutamine synthesisMajor metabolic fluxCycle rateTricarboxylic acid cycleHigh levelsInfusionRatsAcid cycle
1998
Changes in N-acetylaspartate and myo-inositol detected in the cerebral cortex of hamsters with Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease
Behar K, Boucher R, Fritch W, Manuelidis L. Changes in N-acetylaspartate and myo-inositol detected in the cerebral cortex of hamsters with Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease. Magnetic Resonance Imaging 1998, 16: 963-968. PMID: 9814779, DOI: 10.1016/s0730-725x(98)00109-x.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsCreutzfeldt-Jakob diseaseAge-matched controlsCerebral cortexHuman Creutzfeldt-Jakob diseaseMagnetic resonance spectroscopy studySyrian hamster brainHIV dementiaPathogenetic pathwaysCortical levelN-acetylaspartateTerminal diseaseAlzheimer's diseaseMyo-inositolDiseaseNeurodegenerative diseasesHamster brainMetabolite levelsSignificant decreaseHamstersDementiaCortexSignificant changesLate changesWeight metabolitesDays