2024
Vaccination to Prevent Lyme Disease: A Movement Towards Anti-Tick Approaches
Johnson E, Hart T, Fikrig E. Vaccination to Prevent Lyme Disease: A Movement Towards Anti-Tick Approaches. The Journal Of Infectious Diseases 2024, 230: s82-s86. PMID: 39140718, PMCID: PMC11322886, DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jiae202.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsTransmission of tick-borne pathogensTick-borne pathogensIxodes spp ticksInhibited tick feedingTick feedingDisease vaccineTick vectorWildlife reservoirsOuter surface protein ALyme disease vaccineLyme diseaseTicksBorrelia burgdorferiLyme disease casesPreventing Lyme diseasePathogensFood and Drug AdministrationSurface protein AOspA-based vaccinesVaccineFeedingLymeProtein AFoodPrevent transmissionThe human CD47 checkpoint is targeted by an immunosuppressive Aedes aegypti salivary factor to enhance arboviral skin infectivity
Marin-Lopez A, Huck J, Esterly A, Azcutia V, Rosen C, Garcia-Milian R, Sefik E, Vidal-Pedrola G, Raduwan H, Chen T, Arora G, Halene S, Shaw A, Palm N, Flavell R, Parkos C, Thangamani S, Ring A, Fikrig E. The human CD47 checkpoint is targeted by an immunosuppressive Aedes aegypti salivary factor to enhance arboviral skin infectivity. Science Immunology 2024, 9: eadk9872. PMID: 39121194, DOI: 10.1126/sciimmunol.adk9872.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsSuppress antiviral responsesArthropod proteinsPathogen replicationAntiviral responseProtein AVertebrate hostsMosquito salivary proteinsUp-regulatedBlood feedingHuman macrophagesPleomorphic effectsSkin infectionsZika virus disseminationInhibit proinflammatory responsesSalivary proteinsProteinNatural ligandWhite blood cellsHuman skin explantsProinflammatory responseMosquito salivaVirus disseminationHuman CD47Salivary factorsArbovirus infection
2004
TROSPA, an Ixodes scapularis Receptor for Borrelia burgdorferi
Pal U, Li X, Wang T, Montgomery RR, Ramamoorthi N, deSilva AM, Bao F, Yang X, Pypaert M, Pradhan D, Kantor FS, Telford S, Anderson JF, Fikrig E. TROSPA, an Ixodes scapularis Receptor for Borrelia burgdorferi. Cell 2004, 119: 457-468. PMID: 15537536, DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2004.10.027.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAmino Acid SequenceAnimalsAntibodies, BacterialAntigens, SurfaceBacterial Outer Membrane ProteinsBacterial VaccinesBase SequenceBorrelia burgdorferiCloning, MolecularGene Expression RegulationHost-Parasite InteractionsIntestinesIxodesLipoproteinsMiceMice, Inbred C3HMolecular Sequence DataReceptors, Cell SurfaceRecombinant ProteinsConceptsLyme disease agent Borrelia burgdorferiSurvival of spirochetesTick receptorMammalian hostsRNA interferenceEfficient colonizationTROSPAOuter surface protein ABorrelia burgdorferiPathogen adherencePathogen transmissionProtein AB. burgdorferi outer surface protein AMRNA levelsIxodes scapularisB. burgdorferiColonizationSurface protein AReceptorsArthropodsBurgdorferiMammalsRepressionSpirochetesTicks
1997
Lyme Borreliosis in Transgenic Mice Tolerant to OspA from Borrelia burgdorferi 25015
Fikrig E, Barthold S, Chen M, Tao H, Ali-Salaam P, Bockenstedt L, Flavell R. Lyme Borreliosis in Transgenic Mice Tolerant to OspA from Borrelia burgdorferi 25015. The Journal Of Infectious Diseases 1997, 175: 1000-1003. PMID: 9086169, DOI: 10.1086/513958.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsTransgenic miceLyme borreliosisC3H/HeN miceTolerance of miceSurface protein ABorrelia burgdorferi outer surface protein ASignificant arthritisOuter surface protein ALyme arthritisProtective immunityNontransgenic littermatesHeN miceOspA antibodiesDisease pathogenesisMiceArthritisB. burgdorferi N40OspABorreliosisCellular responsesProtein AResponseImmunizationPathogenesisLittermatesSerologic diagnosis of canine and equine borreliosis: use of recombinant antigens in enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays
Magnarelli LA, Flavell RA, Padula SJ, Anderson JF, Fikrig E. Serologic diagnosis of canine and equine borreliosis: use of recombinant antigens in enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. Journal Of Clinical Microbiology 1997, 35: 169-173. PMID: 8968901, PMCID: PMC229532, DOI: 10.1128/jcm.35.1.169-173.1997.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsRecombinant antigensPolyvalent enzyme-linked immunosorbent assaysWhole-cell B. burgdorferiEnzyme-linked immunosorbent assayWestern blot analysisOuter surface protein ASensu strictoBlot analysisWhole cellsProtein AOSPFSerologic diagnosisBorrelia burgdorferi sensu strictoEquid seraBurgdorferi sensu strictoB. burgdorferiSurface protein AP41OspCWhole cell antigenEquine serumDog serumImmunosorbent assayOspBSerum samples
1995
An ospA frame shift, identified from DNA in Lyme arthritis synovial fluid, results in an outer surface protein A that does not bind protective antibodies.
Fikrig E, Liu B, Fu LL, Das S, Smallwood JI, Flavell RA, Persing DH, Schoen RT, Barthold SW, Malawista SE. An ospA frame shift, identified from DNA in Lyme arthritis synovial fluid, results in an outer surface protein A that does not bind protective antibodies. The Journal Of Immunology 1995, 155: 5700-4. PMID: 7499856, DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.155.12.5700.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAdolescentAdultAmino Acid SequenceAnimalsAntibodies, BacterialAntigens, SurfaceArthritis, InfectiousBacterial Outer Membrane ProteinsBacterial VaccinesBorrelia burgdorferi GroupFemaleFrameshift MutationHumansLipoproteinsLyme DiseaseMiceMice, Inbred C3HMolecular Sequence DataProtein BindingSynovial FluidConceptsSurface protein AOuter surface protein ASynovial fluidChronic Lyme arthritisSynovial fluid samplesSeparate time pointsImmune effectivenessLyme arthritisPassive immunizationProtective antibodiesHuman infectionsHuman AbsProtein ATime pointsNatural infectionInfectionBorrelia burgdorferiMiceOnly factorHuman hostFluid samplesOspAInfected hostHuman materialMicrobial persistenceProgress Towards a Vaccine for Lyme Disease
Telford S, Fikrig E. Progress Towards a Vaccine for Lyme Disease. BioDrugs 1995, 4: 49-60. DOI: 10.1007/bf03259070.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchLyme diseaseLyme disease vaccineSurface protein AOuter surface protein AProtective immunityPrototype vaccineCareful surveillanceClinical trialsChronic natureDisease vaccineSuch vaccinesMouse modelVaccinated hostAdvanced stageVaccineDiseaseInfectious ticksInfectionAntibodiesProtein AYearsMiceImmunityTrialsSelection of variant Borrelia burgdorferi isolates from mice immunized with outer surface protein A or B
Fikrig E, Tao H, Barthold SW, Flavell RA. Selection of variant Borrelia burgdorferi isolates from mice immunized with outer surface protein A or B. Infection And Immunity 1995, 63: 1658-1662. PMID: 7729870, PMCID: PMC173206, DOI: 10.1128/iai.63.5.1658-1662.1995.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAnimalsAntigens, BacterialAntigens, SurfaceBacterial Outer Membrane ProteinsBacterial VaccinesBorrelia burgdorferi GroupCloning, MolecularFemaleGenes, BacterialGenetic VariationImmunoblottingLipoproteinsLyme DiseaseMiceMice, Inbred C3HRecombinant ProteinsSelection, GeneticSequence Analysis, DNAVaccinationConceptsSurface protein AOuter surface protein AProtective immunityProtective antibodiesIncomplete efficacyMiceMonoclonal antibodiesProtein ABorrelia burgdorferiB. burgdorferiAntigenic diversityOspBOspAVivo selective pressureImmunityAntibodiesB. burgdorferi isolatesBurgdorferiChallenge inoculationPoint mutationsMolecular basisVaccineInfectionEfficacy of Human Lyme Disease Vaccine Formulations in a Mouse Model
Telford SR, Kantor FS, Lobet Y, Barthold SW, Spielman A, Flavell RA, Fikrig E. Efficacy of Human Lyme Disease Vaccine Formulations in a Mouse Model. The Journal Of Infectious Diseases 1995, 171: 1368-1370. PMID: 7751719, DOI: 10.1093/infdis/171.5.1368.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsMouse modelC3H/HeJ mouse modelLyme diseaseRecombinant outer surface protein APhase I human trialsPhase II trialSurface protein AUnvaccinated miceII trialVaccinated miceOuter surface protein AVaccine formulationsHuman trialsRecombinant OspAMiceBorrelia burgdorferiDiseaseTrialsMajor siteTrial sitesProtein ATicksImmunizationVaccineInfectionVaccination against Lyme disease caused by diverse Borrelia burgdorferi.
Fikrig E, Telford SR, Wallich R, Chen M, Lobet Y, Matuschka FR, Kimsey RB, Kantor FS, Barthold SW, Spielman A, Flavell RA. Vaccination against Lyme disease caused by diverse Borrelia burgdorferi. Journal Of Experimental Medicine 1995, 181: 215-221. PMID: 7807004, PMCID: PMC2191810, DOI: 10.1084/jem.181.1.215.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsLyme diseaseB. burgdorferiVivo protection studiesBorrelia burgdorferi sensu latoSurface protein AOuter surface protein AVector-borne infectionsVaccine efficacyBurgdorferi sensu latoChallenge inoculumSpirochetal agentInfectionBorrelia burgdorferiDiseaseBurgdorferiOspAClassification systemProtection studiesProtein ADifferent geographic regionsSyringe injectionGeographic regionsVaccinationImmunizationVaccine
1993
Serologic analysis of dogs, horses, and cottontail rabbits for antibodies to an antigenic flagellar epitope of Borrelia burgdorferi
Fikrig E, Magnarelli LA, Chen M, Anderson JF, Flavell RA. Serologic analysis of dogs, horses, and cottontail rabbits for antibodies to an antigenic flagellar epitope of Borrelia burgdorferi. Journal Of Clinical Microbiology 1993, 31: 2451-2455. PMID: 7691874, PMCID: PMC265777, DOI: 10.1128/jcm.31.9.2451-2455.1993.Peer-Reviewed Original Research
1992
Elimination of Borrelia burgdorferi from vector ticks feeding on OspA-immunized mice.
Fikrig E, Telford SR, Barthold SW, Kantor FS, Spielman A, Flavell RA. Elimination of Borrelia burgdorferi from vector ticks feeding on OspA-immunized mice. Proceedings Of The National Academy Of Sciences Of The United States Of America 1992, 89: 5418-5421. PMID: 1608951, PMCID: PMC49303, DOI: 10.1073/pnas.89.12.5418.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsRecombinant outer surface protein AVaccine-induced immunityIxodes dammini ticksSurface protein AOuter surface protein ANonimmunized miceImmunized miceSpirochetal infectionTick biteCharacteristic histopathologyImmunized animalsLyme diseaseMiceBorrelia burgdorferiSpirochetesMode of protectionVector ticksOspATicksProtein AHistopathologyInfectionDiseaseImmunitySerologic Diagnosis of Lyme Disease using Recombinant Outer Surface Proteins A and Band Flagellin
Fikrig E, Huguenel E, Berland R, Rahn D, Hardin J, Flavell R. Serologic Diagnosis of Lyme Disease using Recombinant Outer Surface Proteins A and Band Flagellin. The Journal Of Infectious Diseases 1992, 165: 1127-1132. PMID: 1583333, DOI: 10.1093/infdis/165.6.1127.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsLyme diseaseRecombinant outer surface proteinRecombinant outer surface protein AB. burgdorferi antigensSurface protein AOuter surface protein AEarly diseaseLate diseaseSerologic diagnosisDiagnostic testingOuter surface proteinsImmunogenic regionPatientsDiseaseBorrelia burgdorferiELISAImmunoblotAntibodiesSurface proteinsFlagellinProtein AAntigenDiagnosisBorrelia burgdorferi strain 25015: characterization of outer surface protein A and vaccination against infection.
Fikrig E, Barthold SW, Persing DH, Sun X, Kantor FS, Flavell RA. Borrelia burgdorferi strain 25015: characterization of outer surface protein A and vaccination against infection. The Journal Of Immunology 1992, 148: 2256-60. PMID: 1545130, DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.148.7.2256.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsSurface protein AOuter surface protein ABorrelia burgdorferi strain N40Vaccination of miceB. burgdorferiImmunized miceVaccination experimentsIntradermal challengeVaccine candidatesCerebrospinal fluidMiceProtein AStrain N40VaccinationStrain 297OspA geneBurgdorferiOspACD16NeuroborreliosisPatientsInfectionLong-term protection of mice from Lyme disease by vaccination with OspA
Fikrig E, Barthold SW, Kantor FS, Flavell RA. Long-term protection of mice from Lyme disease by vaccination with OspA. Infection And Immunity 1992, 60: 773-777. PMID: 1541551, PMCID: PMC257553, DOI: 10.1128/iai.60.3.773-777.1992.Peer-Reviewed Original Research
1991
Protection of Mice from Lyme Borreliosis by Oral Vaccination with Escherichia coli Expressing OspA
Fikrig E, Barthold S, Kantor F, Flavell R. Protection of Mice from Lyme Borreliosis by Oral Vaccination with Escherichia coli Expressing OspA. The Journal Of Infectious Diseases 1991, 164: 1224-1227. PMID: 1955724, DOI: 10.1093/infdis/164.6.1224.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsOral vaccinationRecombinant OspARecombinant outer surface protein AProtection of miceSerum IgG antibodiesSurface protein ALast boostOuter surface protein AControl miceChallenge infectionIgG antibodiesIntraperitoneal injectionLive Escherichia coliOral preparationsC3H/Day 10Lyme borreliosisVaccinationMiceInfectionBorrelia burgdorferiOspAAntibodiesProtein AGavageMolecular mapping of Osp-A mediated immunity against Borrelia burgdorferi, the agent of Lyme disease.
Sears JE, Fikrig E, Nakagawa TY, Deponte K, Marcantonio N, Kantor FS, Flavell RA. Molecular mapping of Osp-A mediated immunity against Borrelia burgdorferi, the agent of Lyme disease. The Journal Of Immunology 1991, 147: 1995-2000. PMID: 1716290, DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.147.6.1995.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsLack of responseSurface protein AOuter surface protein AUninfected miceProtect miceProtective immunityImmunized miceImmune responseProtective epitopesLyme diseaseMiceInfected humansInfectionSerumNatural infectionBorrelia burgdorferiDependent epitopesAntibodiesEpitopesImmunityHuman serumHumansProtein AImmunizationVaccine
1990
Protection of Mice Against the Lyme Disease Agent by Immunizing with Recombinant OspA
Fikrig E, Barthold S, Kantor F, Flavell R. Protection of Mice Against the Lyme Disease Agent by Immunizing with Recombinant OspA. Science 1990, 250: 553-556. PMID: 2237407, DOI: 10.1126/science.2237407.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsRecombinant OspALyme borreliosisC3H/HeJ miceProtection of miceTick-borne illnessB. burgdorferi strain N40Recombinant OspA proteinSurface protein AOuter surface protein AHeJ miceLyme disease agentStrain N40Borrelia burgdorferiB. burgdorferiMiceOspABorreliosisOspA proteinBurgdorferiDisease agentsProtein AVaccineIllnessAntibodies