2024
Pre-operative stereotactic radiosurgery and peri-operative dexamethasone for resectable brain metastases: a two-arm pilot study evaluating clinical outcomes and immunological correlates
Jansen C, Pagadala M, Cardenas M, Prabhu R, Goyal S, Zhou C, Chappa P, Vo B, Ye C, Hopkins B, Zhong J, Klie A, Daniels T, Admassu M, Green I, Pfister N, Neill S, Switchenko J, Prokhnevska N, Hoang K, Torres M, Logan S, Olson J, Nduom E, del Balzo L, Patel K, Burri S, Asher A, Wilkinson S, Lake R, Kesarwala A, Higgins K, Patel P, Dhere V, Sowalsky A, Carter H, Khan M, Kissick H, Buchwald Z. Pre-operative stereotactic radiosurgery and peri-operative dexamethasone for resectable brain metastases: a two-arm pilot study evaluating clinical outcomes and immunological correlates. Nature Communications 2024, 15: 8854. PMID: 39402027, PMCID: PMC11473782, DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-53034-6.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsPre-operative stereotactic radiosurgeryCD8 T cellsEffector-like cellsT cellsStereotactic radiosurgeryBrain metastasesCD8 T cell responsesEndpoint of overall survivalDistant brain failureResected Brain MetastasesEfficacy of immunotherapyT cell responsesAntigen presenting cellsSecondary clinical endpointsLocal recurrenceLeptomeningeal diseaseOverall survivalImmune compositionProspective trialsImmune nichePrimary endpointImmunological correlatesPresenting cellsClinical outcomesPilot study
2023
Stem-like CD4 T differentiation controls CD8 T cell immunity or tolerance in cancer
Cardenas M, Prokhnevska N, Jansen C, Sobierajska E, Master V, Kissick H. Stem-like CD4 T differentiation controls CD8 T cell immunity or tolerance in cancer. The Journal Of Immunology 2023, 210: 86.04-86.04. DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.210.supp.86.04.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchTumor-draining lymph nodesAnti-tumor responsesCD4 T cellsEffector differentiationT cellsT-cell anti-tumor responseTumor-specific CD4 T cellsCD8 T cell responsesCD8 T cell immunityT cell effector differentiationCD4 T cell differentiationReduced tumor burdenT cell responsesT cell immunityDraining Lymph NodesT cell differentiationStem-like propertiesExpression of TCF1Tumor responseTumor burdenTreg differentiationLymph nodesCancer responseCD4 differentiationCD8
2020
CD4 T cell phenotypes differentially modulate the CD8 T cell response in kidney cancer
Cardenas M, Prokhnevska N, Jansen C, Master V, Kissick H. CD4 T cell phenotypes differentially modulate the CD8 T cell response in kidney cancer. The Journal Of Immunology 2020, 204: 165.1-165.1. DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.204.supp.165.1.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchTumor-infiltrating CD4 T cellsInfiltrating CD4 T cellsCD8 T cell responsesCD4 T cellsAnti-tumor responsesT cell responsesCD8 T cell infiltrationT cellsKidney cancer patientsTumor-specific CD8 T-cell responsesTumor-infiltrating CD8 T cellsSubsets of CD4 T cellsCancer patientsCD8 T cell functionMaster transcription factor Foxp3CD8 T cell differentiationCD4 T cell phenotypeRenal cell carcinoma patientsResponse to immunotherapyCD8 T cellsT cell infiltrationT regulatory cellsT-cell phenotypeCell carcinoma patientsTranscription factor Foxp3Tumor-specific CD8 T cell activation in draining lymph nodes supports the anti-tumor CD8 T cell response
Prokhnevska N, Cardenas M, Jansen C, Valanparambil R, Master V, Sanda M, Kissick H. Tumor-specific CD8 T cell activation in draining lymph nodes supports the anti-tumor CD8 T cell response. The Journal Of Immunology 2020, 204: 165.5-165.5. DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.204.supp.165.5.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchTumor-specific CD8 T cellsCD8 T cellsStem-like CD8 T cellsCD8 T cell activationT cellsT cell activationEffector programLymph nodesCD8 T cell responsesImmune response to tumorsTumor-draining lymph nodesCD8 T cell infiltrationSubsets of CD8 T cellsAnti-tumor responsesT cell infiltrationResponse to tumorsTumor-specific antigensProstate cancer modelT cell responsesDraining Lymph NodesAcute viral infectionT cell immunologyCD8 responsesLCMV glycoproteinCD62L expression
2019
An intra-tumoral niche maintains and differentiates stem-like CD8 T cells
Jansen C, Prokhnevska N, Master V, Sanda M, Carlisle J, Bilen M, Cardenas M, Wilkinson S, Lake R, Sowalsky A, Valanparambil R, Hudson W, McGuire D, Melnick K, Khan A, Kim K, Chang Y, Kim A, Filson C, Alemozaffar M, Osunkoya A, Mullane P, Ellis C, Akondy R, Im S, Kamphorst A, Reyes A, Liu Y, Kissick H. An intra-tumoral niche maintains and differentiates stem-like CD8 T cells. Nature 2019, 576: 465-470. PMID: 31827286, PMCID: PMC7108171, DOI: 10.1038/s41586-019-1836-5.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsCD8 T cellsStem-like CD8 T cellsT cellsStem-like T cellsCD8 T cell infiltrationCD8 T cell responsesMechanism of immune escapeTumor-infiltrating lymphocytesT cell infiltrationT cell responsesStem-like cellsSurvival benefitImmune nicheProgressive diseaseImmune escapeTumor typesTumorCD8Human cancersDifferentiation processLymphocytesPatientsCancerInfiltrationSurvivalAbstract 2700: CD8 T-cell infiltration into renal tumors requires a supportive antigen-presenting niche
Jansen C, Prokhnevska N, Master V, Carlisle J, Bilen M, Reyes A, Kissick H. Abstract 2700: CD8 T-cell infiltration into renal tumors requires a supportive antigen-presenting niche. Cancer Research 2019, 79: 2700-2700. DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.am2019-2700.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchCD8 T cell infiltrationT cell infiltrationTumor-infiltrating lymphocytesT cell responsesRenal cell carcinomaStem-like T cellsCancer-specific survivalT cellsRenal tumorsPatient survivalCD8 tumor-infiltrating lymphocytesPoor T-cell infiltrationDisease progressionAnti-tumor immune responseCD8 T cell responsesImmune responseTumor-infiltrating immune cellsFlow cytometryRenal cell carcinoma patientsCD8 T cellsStage III patientsIntensification of therapyRenal cell tumorsFollow-up timeEmory University Hospital
2017
A Replication-Defective Herpes Simplex Virus (HSV)-2 Vaccine, HSV529, is Safe and Well-Tolerated in Adults with or without HSV Infection and Induces Significant HSV-2-Specific Antibody Responses in HSV Seronegative Individuals
Dropulic L, Wang K, Oestreich M, Pietz H, Garabedian D, Jegaskanda S, Dowdell K, Nguyen H, Laing K, Koelle D, Azose A, Hunsberger S, Lumbard K, Chen A, Chang L, Phogat S, Cohen J. A Replication-Defective Herpes Simplex Virus (HSV)-2 Vaccine, HSV529, is Safe and Well-Tolerated in Adults with or without HSV Infection and Induces Significant HSV-2-Specific Antibody Responses in HSV Seronegative Individuals. Open Forum Infectious Diseases 2017, 4: s415-s416. PMCID: PMC5630753, DOI: 10.1093/ofid/ofx163.1041.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchT cell assaysThird dose of vaccineDose of vaccineAntibody dependent cellular cytotoxicityT cell responsesGroup 3 subjectsSanofi PasteurGroup 1Placebo recipientsThird doseSeronegative individualsVaccine recipientsHSV-2-specific antibody responsesSolicited injection site reactionsCD8 T cell responsesCD4 T cell responsesGroup 3Systemic reactionsADCC-mediating antibodiesPlacebo-controlled trialHSV-2 vaccinesSolicited systemic reactionsInjection site reactionsDependent cellular cytotoxicityCellular immune responses
2016
Induction of anti-tumor CD8 T cell responses by experimental ECP-induced human dendritic antigen presenting cells
Kibbi N, Sobolev O, Girardi M, Edelson RL. Induction of anti-tumor CD8 T cell responses by experimental ECP-induced human dendritic antigen presenting cells. Transfusion And Apheresis Science 2016, 55: 146-152. PMID: 27317354, DOI: 10.1016/j.transci.2016.06.001.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsCD8 T cell responsesCutaneous T-cell lymphomaT cell responsesCell responsesCD8 T cell populationsMonocyte-derived DCsAnti-tumor immunityT cell populationsT-cell lymphomaAntigen presenting cellsClass I major histocompatibilityCentral mechanistic roleMelanoma-associated proteinImmunotherapeutic managementHost diseaseAllograft rejectionPresenting cellsDendritic antigenImmunologic reactionsCell lymphomaMalignant cloneMajor histocompatibilityPathogenic clonesCell populationsAntigen
2015
A Critical Role of IL-21-Induced BATF in Sustaining CD8-T-Cell-Mediated Chronic Viral Control
Xin G, Schauder DM, Lainez B, Weinstein JS, Dai Z, Chen Y, Esplugues E, Wen R, Wang D, Parish IA, Zajac AJ, Craft J, Cui W. A Critical Role of IL-21-Induced BATF in Sustaining CD8-T-Cell-Mediated Chronic Viral Control. Cell Reports 2015, 13: 1118-1124. PMID: 26527008, PMCID: PMC4859432, DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2015.09.069.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsCD8 T cellsChronic viral infectionsBATF expressionT cellsIL-21Chronic infectionEffector functionsViral infectionCD8 T cell effector functionsAnti-viral effector functionsCD8 T cell responsesCD8 T cell immunityT cell effector functionT cell immunityCD4 T cellsT cell responsesCell effector functionsT cell persistenceT cell maintenanceBlimp-1 expressionCD8 responsesCD4 helpCell immunityViral controlTranscription factor expression
2014
An atypical CD8 T‐cell response to Chlamydia muridarum genital tract infections includes T cells that produce interleukin‐13
Johnson RM, Kerr MS, Slaven JE. An atypical CD8 T‐cell response to Chlamydia muridarum genital tract infections includes T cells that produce interleukin‐13. Immunology 2014, 142: 248-257. PMID: 24428415, PMCID: PMC4008232, DOI: 10.1111/imm.12248.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsGenital tract infectionCD8 T cellsCD8 T cell responsesCD8 T cell clonesT cell responsesTract infectionsT cell clonesT cellsProtective immunityInterleukin-13T helper type 1 cell responsesC. muridarum genital tract infectionChlamydia muridarum Genital Tract InfectionMHC class Ia moleculesCD4 T cellsRole of TNFAntigen-presenting cellsTumor necrosis factorReproductive tract epitheliumClass Ia moleculesCD8 clonesCD8 levelsChlamydia replicationNaive splenocytesIntracellular bacterial pathogen
2012
Repertoire Enhancement with Adoptively Transferred Female Lymphocytes Controls the Growth of Pre-Implanted Murine Prostate Cancer
Jenq R, Curran M, Goldberg G, Liu C, Allison J, van den Brink M. Repertoire Enhancement with Adoptively Transferred Female Lymphocytes Controls the Growth of Pre-Implanted Murine Prostate Cancer. PLOS ONE 2012, 7: e35222. PMID: 22493742, PMCID: PMC3320876, DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0035222.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAdenocarcinomaAdultAnimalsAntigens, NeoplasmCD4-Positive T-LymphocytesCD8-Positive T-LymphocytesDEAD-box RNA HelicasesFemaleGraft vs Host DiseaseHumansImmunotherapy, AdoptiveLymphocyte CountMaleMiceMinor Histocompatibility AntigensNeoplasm TransplantationProstatic NeoplasmsSex FactorsWhole-Body IrradiationConceptsCD4 T cellsT cellsProstatic adenocarcinoma cellsAdoptive transferProstate cancerEffective anti-tumor immune responseCancer-reactive T cellsCD8 T cell responsesHigh-affinity T cellsPotential tumor rejection antigensTRAMP-C2 tumor cellsAnti-tumor immune responseAdenocarcinoma cellsExacerbation of graftPresence of CD25Female lymphocytesRegulatory T cellsAdoptive transfer modelReactive T cellsT cell responsesT cell repertoireMurine prostate cancerProstate cancer antigenAdult male hostsTumor rejection antigens
2011
TLR1/2 Activation during Heterologous Prime-Boost Vaccination (DNA-MVA) Enhances CD8+ T Cell Responses Providing Protection against Leishmania (Viannia)
Jayakumar A, Castilho TM, Park E, Goldsmith-Pestana K, Blackwell JM, McMahon-Pratt D. TLR1/2 Activation during Heterologous Prime-Boost Vaccination (DNA-MVA) Enhances CD8+ T Cell Responses Providing Protection against Leishmania (Viannia). PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases 2011, 5: e1204. PMID: 21695103, PMCID: PMC3114751, DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0001204.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAnimalsCD4-Positive T-LymphocytesCD8-Positive T-LymphocytesDisease Models, AnimalFemaleGenetic VectorsImmunization, SecondaryInterferon-gammaInterleukin-10Interleukin-13LeishmaniaLeishmaniasisLeishmaniasis VaccinesMiceMice, Inbred BALB CPeroxidasesProtozoan ProteinsRodent DiseasesToll-Like Receptor 1Toll-Like Receptor 2VaccinationVaccines, DNAVaccines, SyntheticVaccinia virusViral VaccinesConceptsPrime-boost vaccinationHeterologous prime-boost vaccinationCD8 T cellsT cell responsesT cellsTLR1/2 activationIL-10Vaccination modalityIL-13Immune responseAntigen-specific CD8 cellsCD8 T cell responsesCell responsesL. panamensis infectionsSpecific CD8 cellsTLR1/2 agonist Pam3CSK4IL-10 responsesVaccine-induced protectionCD4 T cellsMurine immune responseIL-13 responsesLeishmania speciesInfection/diseaseVaccinia virus AnkaraInnate immune responseEnhanced Stimulation of Anti‐Ovarian Cancer CD8+ T Cells by Dendritic Cells Loaded with Nanoparticle Encapsulated Tumor Antigen
Hanlon DJ, Aldo PB, Devine L, Alvero AB, Engberg AK, Edelson R, Mor G. Enhanced Stimulation of Anti‐Ovarian Cancer CD8+ T Cells by Dendritic Cells Loaded with Nanoparticle Encapsulated Tumor Antigen. American Journal Of Reproductive Immunology 2011, 65: 597-609. PMID: 21241402, PMCID: PMC3082607, DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0897.2010.00968.x.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAntigen PresentationAntigens, DifferentiationAntigens, NeoplasmCarcinomaCD8-Positive T-LymphocytesCells, CulturedCytokinesDendritic CellsFemaleHumansImmunotherapy, AdoptiveLactic AcidLymphocyte ActivationNanoparticlesOvarian NeoplasmsPolyglycolic AcidPolylactic Acid-Polyglycolic Acid CopolymerConceptsTumor-associated antigensT cell responsesT cellsDendritic cellsCytokine productionTumor antigensAnti-tumor T cell responsesCell surface co-stimulatory moleculesCD8 T cell responsesSurface co-stimulatory moleculesAnti-tumor immune responseAntigen-loaded DCsTumor lysate antigensCD8 T cellsCo-stimulatory moleculesT cell expressionHuman DCsActivation markersTumor lysateImmune responseLysate antigenBlood monocytesClinical testingEnhanced stimulationAntigen
2010
CD8+ T Cell Responses following Replication-Defective Adenovirus Serotype 5 Immunization Are Dependent on CD11c+ Dendritic Cells but Show Redundancy in Their Requirement of TLR and Nucleotide-Binding Oligomerization Domain-Like Receptor Signaling
Lindsay RW, Darrah PA, Quinn KM, Wille-Reece U, Mattei LM, Iwasaki A, Kasturi SP, Pulendran B, Gall JG, Spies AG, Seder RA. CD8+ T Cell Responses following Replication-Defective Adenovirus Serotype 5 Immunization Are Dependent on CD11c+ Dendritic Cells but Show Redundancy in Their Requirement of TLR and Nucleotide-Binding Oligomerization Domain-Like Receptor Signaling. The Journal Of Immunology 2010, 185: 1513-1521. PMID: 20610651, DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1000338.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAdenoviruses, HumanAnimalsAntigen PresentationCD11c AntigenCD8-Positive T-LymphocytesDefective VirusesDendritic CellsImmunity, InnateImmunophenotypingInterferon Type IInterleukin-12Intracellular Signaling Peptides and ProteinsLymph NodesMiceMice, Inbred C57BLMice, KnockoutOligodeoxyribonucleotidesSignal TransductionToll-Like ReceptorsViral VaccinesVirionConceptsT cell responsesCD8 T cell responsesDendritic cellsCell responsesRAd5 immunizationCD8 responsesDC subsetsInnate cytokinesOligomerization domain-like receptor protein 3Domain-like receptor protein 3OT-I CD8 T cellsCD4 T cell responsesCD8 T cell proliferationNucleotide-Binding Oligomerization DomainReplication-defective adenovirus serotype 5Plasmacytoid dendritic cellsReceptor protein 3CD8 T cellsDistinct DC subsetsT cell immunityApoptosis-associated speck-like proteinPre-existing immunityT cell proliferationLike receptor signalingType I IFNA Vesicular Stomatitis Virus-Based Hepatitis B Virus Vaccine Vector Provides Protection against Challenge in a Single Dose
Cobleigh MA, Buonocore L, Uprichard SL, Rose JK, Robek MD. A Vesicular Stomatitis Virus-Based Hepatitis B Virus Vaccine Vector Provides Protection against Challenge in a Single Dose. Journal Of Virology 2010, 84: 7513-7522. PMID: 20504927, PMCID: PMC2897621, DOI: 10.1128/jvi.00200-10.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsHepatitis B virusT cell responsesSingle immunizationVaccine vectorVesicular stomatitis virusCD8 T cell responsesCD8 T cell activationSerious worldwide public health problemWorldwide public health problemRecombinant protein immunizationEffective prophylactic vaccineCommon infectious diseasesRecombinant vesicular stomatitis virusSimilar antibody titersPublic health problemRecombinant protein vaccineT cell activationStomatitis virusHBV vaccineLiver diseaseProphylactic vaccinesAntibody titersMultiple dosesProtein immunizationSingle dose
2009
Inflammasome recognition of influenza virus is essential for adaptive immune responses
Ichinohe T, Lee HK, Ogura Y, Flavell R, Iwasaki A. Inflammasome recognition of influenza virus is essential for adaptive immune responses. Journal Of Experimental Medicine 2009, 206: 79-87. PMID: 19139171, PMCID: PMC2626661, DOI: 10.1084/jem.20081667.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAnimalsAntibody FormationApoptosis Regulatory ProteinsCalcium-Binding ProteinsCARD Signaling Adaptor ProteinsCarrier ProteinsCaspase 1CD4-Positive T-LymphocytesCD8-Positive T-LymphocytesCell MovementCytoskeletal ProteinsDendritic CellsImmunity, CellularImmunity, InnateImmunoglobulin IsotypesInterleukin-1betaLungMacrophages, AlveolarMiceMice, Inbred C57BLMice, KnockoutMultiprotein ComplexesNasal Lavage FluidNLR Family, Pyrin Domain-Containing 3 ProteinOrthomyxoviridaeOrthomyxoviridae InfectionsReceptors, Interleukin-1Survival AnalysisConceptsInfluenza virus infectionNOD-like receptorsInfluenza virusVirus infectionAdaptive immunityInflammasome activationRetinoic acid-inducible gene I.CD8 T cell responsesCaspase-1Influenza virus resultsMucosal IgA secretionProtective antiviral immunitySystemic IgG responseCD4 T cellsT cell responsesAdaptive immune responsesType I interferonInnate immune systemRespiratory infectionsIgG responsesProtective immunityTLR signalsIgA secretionReceptor 7T cells
2006
Vaccination with recombinant fusion proteins incorporating Toll-like receptor ligands induces rapid cellular and humoral immunity
Huleatt JW, Jacobs AR, Tang J, Desai P, Kopp EB, Huang Y, Song L, Nakaar V, Powell TJ. Vaccination with recombinant fusion proteins incorporating Toll-like receptor ligands induces rapid cellular and humoral immunity. Vaccine 2006, 25: 763-775. PMID: 16968658, DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2006.08.013.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsCD8 T cell responsesT cell responsesAntigen-specific responsesCell responsesRecombinant fusion proteinAntigen fusion proteinProtective CD8 T cell responsesAntigen-specific CD8 T-cell responsesPotent antigen-specific responsesToll-like receptor ligandsToll-like receptor (TLR) familyComplete Freund's adjuvantDay of immunizationB cell responsesTLR5 ligand flagellinImmunization of miceRecombinant protein vaccineVirulent L. monocytogenesSupplemental adjuvantsProtective immunityTLR ligandsFreund's adjuvantHumoral immunityProtein vaccineEnhanced immunogenicity
2004
Rapid Development of T Cell Memory
Wong P, Lara-Tejero M, Ploss A, Leiner I, Pamer EG. Rapid Development of T Cell Memory. The Journal Of Immunology 2004, 172: 7239-7245. PMID: 15187098, DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.172.12.7239.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsMemory T cellsT cell populationsPrimary immune responseT cellsPrimary immunizationImmune responseMemory CD8 T cell responsesAg-specific CD8 T cellsCD8 T cell responsesEarly memory T cellsCD8 T cell populationsEffector T cell populationsPrime-boost immunizationPrime-boost vaccinationCD8 T cellsPrime-boost strategyT cell memoryT cell responsesCell populationsEarly time pointsProtective immunityAg doseCell memoryCell responsesImmunization
2002
Role of Lymphotoxin α in T-Cell Responses during an Acute Viral Infection
Suresh M, Lanier G, Large MK, Whitmire JK, Altman JD, Ruddle NH, Ahmed R. Role of Lymphotoxin α in T-Cell Responses during an Acute Viral Infection. Journal Of Virology 2002, 76: 3943-3951. PMID: 11907234, PMCID: PMC136110, DOI: 10.1128/jvi.76.8.3943-3951.2002.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsT cell responsesCD8 T cellsLymphocytic choriomeningitis virusT cellsT cell activationLymphoid architectureMajor histocompatibility complex class I tetramersVirus-specific CD8 T cell responsesLCMV-specific CD8 T cellsLCMV-specific T-cell responsesVirus-specific CD8 T cellsAntigen-specific T cell responsesCD8 T cell responsesLCMV-specific T cellsT cell-mediated immunopathologyLTalpha-deficient miceClass I tetramersAcute viral infectionCD4 T cellsAdoptive transfer experimentsCell transfer experimentsLCMV clearanceNonlymphoid organsAdoptive transferAcute infection
1998
Generation of mucosal cytotoxic T cells against soluble protein by tissue-specific environmental and costimulatory signals
Kim S, Reed D, Olson S, Schnell M, Rose J, Morton P, Lefrançois L. Generation of mucosal cytotoxic T cells against soluble protein by tissue-specific environmental and costimulatory signals. Proceedings Of The National Academy Of Sciences Of The United States Of America 1998, 95: 10814-10819. PMID: 9724787, PMCID: PMC27978, DOI: 10.1073/pnas.95.18.10814.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsCD8 T cellsT cellsT lymphocytesPrimary CD8 T cell responseCD8 T cell responsesMucosal cytotoxic T lymphocytesPeripheral CD8 T cellsMajor histocompatibility complex class IActivation of peripheralMucosal T cellsT cell responsesHistocompatibility complex class ICytotoxic T cellsCytotoxic T lymphocytesT cell generationComplex class IInflammatory mediatorsPeripheral toleranceAntigen administrationCostimulatory requirementsMucosal sitesAdjuvant effectB7-1B7-2Inflammatory signals
This site is protected by hCaptcha and its Privacy Policy and Terms of Service apply