2022
DKA Prevention and Insulin Pumps: Lessons Learned From a Large Pediatric Pump Practice
Doyle EA, Weinzimer SA, Tamborlane W. DKA Prevention and Insulin Pumps: Lessons Learned From a Large Pediatric Pump Practice. The Science Of Diabetes Self-Management And Care 2022, 48: 476-482. PMID: 36129121, DOI: 10.1177/26350106221125699.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAdolescentAdultChildDiabetic KetoacidosisGlycated HemoglobinHumansInsulinInsulin Infusion SystemsRetrospective StudiesConceptsContinuous glucose monitorHigher A1C levelsA1c levelsDKA eventsInsulin pumpPump usersPump-treated patientsRetrospective chart reviewPediatric endocrinology practiceType 1 diabetesInsulin pump usersConcurrent illnessDKA preventionPump patientsDiabetes durationDKA episodesMean A1CChart reviewEndocrinology practiceDKA ratesDKA severityMean ageInsulin omissionMost episodesPatientsA Pilot randomized trial to examine effects of a hybrid closed-loop insulin delivery system on neurodevelopmental and cognitive outcomes in adolescents with type 1 diabetes
Reiss AL, Jo B, Arbelaez AM, Tsalikian E, Buckingham B, Weinzimer SA, Fox LA, Cato A, White NH, Tansey M, Aye T, Tamborlane W, Englert K, Lum J, Mazaika P, Foland-Ross L, Marzelli M, Mauras N. A Pilot randomized trial to examine effects of a hybrid closed-loop insulin delivery system on neurodevelopmental and cognitive outcomes in adolescents with type 1 diabetes. Nature Communications 2022, 13: 4940. PMID: 36042217, PMCID: PMC9427757, DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-32289-x.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAdolescentBlood GlucoseChildCognitionDiabetes Mellitus, Type 1HumansHypoglycemic AgentsInsulinInsulin Infusion SystemsPilot ProjectsConceptsHybrid closed-loop insulin delivery systemStandard care groupType 1 diabetesClosed-loop insulin delivery systemWhite matter volumeCare groupPrimary outcomeInsulin delivery systemsMatter volumeFractional anisotropyCognitive AssessmentRigorous glucose controlDiagnosis of T1DClosed-loop groupBetter diabetes controlDiabetes care groupsConcept pilot studyYears of ageAcademic medical centerFunctional brain activityCortical surface areaMonths study durationRandomized participantsDiabetes controlGlucose controlImpact of Temporary Glycemic Target Use in the Hybrid and Advanced Hybrid Closed-Loop Systems
Dovc K, Battelino T, Beck RW, Sibayan J, Bailey RJ, Calhoun P, Turcotte C, Weinzimer S, Schweiger D, Nimri R, Bergenstal RM. Impact of Temporary Glycemic Target Use in the Hybrid and Advanced Hybrid Closed-Loop Systems. Diabetes Technology & Therapeutics 2022, 24: 848-852. PMID: 35848991, PMCID: PMC9618368, DOI: 10.1089/dia.2022.0153.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchLived experience of CamAPS FX closed loop system in youth with type 1 diabetes and their parents
Hood KK, Garcia‐Willingham N, Hanes S, Tanenbaum ML, Ware J, Boughton CK, Allen JM, Wilinska ME, Tauschmann M, Denvir L, Thankamony A, Campbell F, Wadwa RP, Buckingham BA, Davis N, DiMeglio LA, Mauras N, Besser REJ, Ghatak A, Weinzimer SA, Fox DS, Kanapka L, Kollman C, Sibayan J, Beck RW, Hovorka R, Consortium T. Lived experience of CamAPS FX closed loop system in youth with type 1 diabetes and their parents. Diabetes Obesity And Metabolism 2022, 24: 2309-2318. PMID: 35837984, PMCID: PMC9804666, DOI: 10.1111/dom.14815.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchA Comparison of Postprandial Glucose Control in the Medtronic Advanced Hybrid Closed-Loop System Versus 670G
Weinzimer S, Bailey RJ, Bergenstal RM, Nimri R, Beck RW, Schatz D, Ambler-Osborn L, Schweiger DS, von dem Berge T, Sibayan J, Johnson ML, Calhoun P, Phillip M, Bergenstal R, Phillip M, Criego A, Bergenstal R, Carlson A, Martens T, Beasley S, Johnson M, Whipple D, Hyatt J, Punel A, Grieme A, Thomas L, LaFrance A, Hasledalen C, Laffel L, Isganaitis E, Freiner E, Ambler-Osborn L, Desrochers H, Turcotte C, Naik N, Roethke L, Fisher M, Nimri R, Nevo M, Bello R, Hamou A, Hermon O, Horesh O, Shiovitch Mantzuri G, Drotz I, Yehiel N, Naveh R, Schatz D, Haller M, Albanese-O'Neill A, Sheehan E, Leey J, Smith M, Jacobsen L, Adams J, Hosford J, Whyte L, Battelino T, Dovč K, Bratina N, Šmigoc Schweiger D, Sever U, Gianini A, Murn Berkopec B, Mali B, Weinzimer S, Weyman K, Carria L, Zgorski M, Danne T, Biester T, von dem Berge T, Weiskorn J, Kordonouri O, Biester S, Aschemeier B, Remus K, Pisarek N, Sibayan J, Beck R, Mouse T, Davis J, Bailey R, Hellmann A, Reese N, Calhoun P, Strayer H, Cohen N, Henderson R, Kollman C, Kennedy J, Woodall W, Mahr I, Hood K, Arreaza-Rubin G, Eggerman T, Green N, Janicek R, Gabrielson D, Belle S, Castle J, Green J, Legault L, Willi S, Wysham C, Eggerman T. A Comparison of Postprandial Glucose Control in the Medtronic Advanced Hybrid Closed-Loop System Versus 670G. Diabetes Technology & Therapeutics 2022, 24: 573-582. PMID: 35363054, PMCID: PMC9353997, DOI: 10.1089/dia.2021.0568.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsBlood GlucoseBlood Glucose Self-MonitoringDiabetes Mellitus, Type 1HumansHyperglycemiaHypoglycemic AgentsInsulinInsulin Infusion SystemsInsulin, Regular, HumanConceptsHybrid closed-loop systemGlucose levelsGlycemic controlGlycemic excursionsAdvanced hybrid closed-loop systemG armPostprandial glycemic excursionsPostprandial glycemic controlType 1 diabetesPostprandial glucose controlPrandial insulin deliveryTreatment armsCrossover trialGlucose controlMedtronic MiniMedSecondary analysisMeal sizeOvernight improvementInsulin deliveryHyperglycemiaOutcomesArmLevel 2HypoglycemiaPremealCambridge hybrid closed-loop algorithm in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes: a multicentre 6-month randomised controlled trial
Ware J, Boughton CK, Allen JM, Wilinska ME, Tauschmann M, Denvir L, Thankamony A, Campbell FM, Wadwa RP, Buckingham BA, Davis N, DiMeglio LA, Mauras N, Besser REJ, Ghatak A, Weinzimer SA, Hood KK, Fox DS, Kanapka L, Kollman C, Sibayan J, Beck RW, Hovorka R, Consortium D, Hovorka R, Acerini C, Thankamony A, Allen J, Boughton C, Dovc K, Dunger D, Ware J, Musolino G, Tauschmann M, Wilinska M, Hayes J, Hartnell S, Slegtenhorst S, Ruan Y, Haydock M, Mangat J, Denvir L, Kanthagnany S, Law J, Randell T, Sachdev P, Saxton M, Coupe A, Stafford S, Ball A, Keeton R, Cresswell R, Crate L, Cripps H, Fazackerley H, Looby L, Navarra H, Saddington C, Smith V, Verhoeven V, Bratt S, Khan N, Moyes L, Sandhu K, West C, Wadwa R, Alonso G, Forlenza G, Slover R, Towers L, Berget C, Coakley A, Escobar E, Jost E, Lange S, Messer L, Thivener K, Campbell F, Yong J, Metcalfe E, Allen M, Ambler S, Waheed S, Exall J, Tulip J, Buckingham B, Ekhlaspour L, Maahs D, Norlander L, Jacobson T, Twon M, Weir C, Leverenz B, Keller J, Davis N, Kumaran A, Trevelyan N, Dewar H, Price G, Crouch G, Ensom R, Haskell L, Lueddeke L, Mauras N, Benson M, Bird K, Englert K, Permuy J, Ponthieux K, Marrero-Hernandez J, DiMeglio L, Ismail H, Jolivette H, Sanchez J, Woerner S, Kirchner M, Mullen M, Tebbe M, Besser R, Basu S, London R, Makaya T, Ryan F, Megson C, Bowen-Morris J, Haest J, Law R, Stamford I, Ghatak A, Deakin M, Phelan K, Thornborough K, Shakeshaft J, Weinzimer S, Cengiz E, Sherr J, Van Name M, Weyman K, Carria L, Steffen A, Zgorski M, Sibayan J, Beck R, Borgman S, Davis J, Rusnak J, Hellman A, Cheng P, Kanapka L, Kollman C, McCarthy C, Chalasani S, Hood K, Hanes S, Viana J, Lanning M, Fox D, Arreaza-Rubin G, Eggerman T, Green N, Janicek R, Gabrielson D, Belle S, Castle J, Green J, Legault L, Willi S, Wysham C. Cambridge hybrid closed-loop algorithm in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes: a multicentre 6-month randomised controlled trial. The Lancet Digital Health 2022, 4: e245-e255. PMID: 35272971, DOI: 10.1016/s2589-7500(22)00020-6.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAdolescentAlgorithmsBlood GlucoseChildDiabetes Mellitus, Type 1Diabetic KetoacidosisFemaleHumansHypoglycemic AgentsInsulinInsulin Infusion SystemsMaleConceptsClosed-loop groupInsulin pump therapyType 1 diabetesControl groupBaseline HbAUsual carePump therapyClosed-loop insulin deliverySuboptimal glucose controlPediatric diabetes centersKey inclusion criteriaClosed-loop insulin delivery systemPrimary endpointBlock randomisationDiabetes CenterGlucose controlInsulin delivery systemsInclusion criteriaPrimary analysisTherapyInsulin deliveryMonthsG pumpHbADiabetes
2021
Lived Experience of Advanced Hybrid Closed-Loop Versus Hybrid Closed-Loop: Patient-Reported Outcomes and Perspectives
Hood KK, Laffel LM, Danne T, Nimri R, Weinzimer S, Sibayan J, Bailey RJ, Schatz D, Bratina N, Bello R, Punel A, Calhoun P, Beck RW, Bergenstal RM, Phillip M. Lived Experience of Advanced Hybrid Closed-Loop Versus Hybrid Closed-Loop: Patient-Reported Outcomes and Perspectives. Diabetes Technology & Therapeutics 2021, 23: 857-861. PMID: 34270328, PMCID: PMC9009590, DOI: 10.1089/dia.2021.0153.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchYouth and parent preferences for an ideal AP system: It is all about reducing burden
Commissariat PV, Roethke LC, Finnegan JL, Guo Z, Volkening LK, Butler DA, Dassau E, Weinzimer SA, Laffel LM. Youth and parent preferences for an ideal AP system: It is all about reducing burden. Pediatric Diabetes 2021, 22: 1063-1070. PMID: 34324772, PMCID: PMC8530854, DOI: 10.1111/pedi.13252.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchPredictors of Time-in-Range (70–180 mg/dL) Achieved Using a Closed-Loop Control System
Schoelwer MJ, Kanapka LG, Wadwa RP, Breton MD, Ruedy KJ, Ekhlaspour L, Forlenza GP, Cobry EC, Messer LH, Cengiz E, Jost E, Carria L, Emory E, Hsu LJ, Weinzimer SA, Buckingham BA, Lal RA, Oliveri MC, Kollman CC, Dokken BB, Cherñavvsky DR, Beck RW, DeBoer MD, Gonder-Frederick L, Robic J, Voelmle M, Conschafter K, Morris K, Barnett C, Carr K, Hellmann J, Kime M, Todd Alonso G, Slover R, Berget C, Towers L, Lange S, Buckingham B, Maahs D, Lal R, Ekhlaspour L, Norlander L, Hood K, Town M, Weir C, Smith K, Hsu L, Shinksy D, Viana J, Cengiz E, Weinzimer S, Weyman K, Carria L, Zgorski M, Ruedy K, Beck R, Borgman S, Rusnak J, Kanapka L, Kollman C, Murphy C, Arreza-Rubin G, Green N, Kovatchev B, Brown S, Anderson S, Breton M, Laffel L, Pinsker J, Levy C, Kudva Y, Wadwa R, Buckingham B, Doyle III F, Renard E, Cobelli C, Reznik Y, Arreza-Rubin G, Lum J, Beck R, Ruedy K, Janicek R, Gabrielson D. Predictors of Time-in-Range (70–180 mg/dL) Achieved Using a Closed-Loop Control System. Diabetes Technology & Therapeutics 2021, 23: 475-481. PMID: 33689454, PMCID: PMC8252894, DOI: 10.1089/dia.2020.0646.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAdolescentBlood GlucoseBlood Glucose Self-MonitoringChildDiabetes Mellitus, Type 1HumansHypoglycemic AgentsInsulinInsulin Infusion SystemsConceptsGlycemic controlLower TIROptimal glycemic controlType 1 diabetesPredictors of timeGreater improvementClinical characteristicsClinical predictorsFourth quartileMore insulinBody weightGlucose monitor dataExtension phaseMultivariate modelBolusStrongest predictorContinuous glucose monitor dataQuartileInsulinPredictorsChildrenParticipantsT1D.T1DDiabetesInnovative features and functionalities of an artificial pancreas system: What do youth and parents want?
Commissariat PV, Volkening LK, Butler DA, Dassau E, Weinzimer SA, Laffel LM. Innovative features and functionalities of an artificial pancreas system: What do youth and parents want? Diabetic Medicine 2021, 38: e14492. PMID: 33290599, PMCID: PMC9196947, DOI: 10.1111/dme.14492.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchExtended Use of the Control-IQ Closed-Loop Control System in Children With Type 1 Diabetes.
Kanapka LG, Wadwa RP, Breton MD, Ruedy KJ, Ekhlaspour L, Forlenza GP, Cengiz E, Schoelwer MJ, Jost E, Carria L, Emory E, Hsu LJ, Weinzimer SA, DeBoer MD, Buckingham BA, Oliveri M, Kollman C, Dokken BB, Cherñavvsky D, Beck RW. Extended Use of the Control-IQ Closed-Loop Control System in Children With Type 1 Diabetes. Diabetes Care 2021, 44: 473-478. PMID: 33355258, PMCID: PMC7818334, DOI: 10.2337/dc20-1729.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAdolescentBlood GlucoseChildDiabetes Mellitus, Type 1HumansHypoglycemiaHypoglycemic AgentsInsulinInsulin Infusion SystemsConceptsType 1 diabetesChildren 6Sensor-augmented pump therapyWeeks of useDiabetic ketoacidosisDays of useGlycemic controlSAP groupSevere hypoglycemiaPump therapyClinical trialsPercentage of timeCLC groupMean TIRDiabetesFurther evaluationCohortRCTsDlWeeksChildrenDaysExtended useParticipantsKetoacidosisA comparison of two hybrid closed-loop systems in adolescents and young adults with type 1 diabetes (FLAIR): a multicentre, randomised, crossover trial
Bergenstal RM, Nimri R, Beck RW, Criego A, Laffel L, Schatz D, Battelino T, Danne T, Weinzimer SA, Sibayan J, Johnson ML, Bailey RJ, Calhoun P, Carlson A, Isganaitis E, Bello R, Albanese-O'Neill A, Dovc K, Biester T, Weyman K, Hood K, Phillip M, Group F. A comparison of two hybrid closed-loop systems in adolescents and young adults with type 1 diabetes (FLAIR): a multicentre, randomised, crossover trial. The Lancet 2021, 397: 208-219. PMID: 33453783, PMCID: PMC9194961, DOI: 10.1016/s0140-6736(20)32514-9.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAdultBlood Glucose Self-MonitoringDiabetes Mellitus, Type 1FemaleGermanyHumansHyperglycemiaInsulinInsulin Infusion SystemsIsraelMaleUnited StatesYoung AdultConceptsAdvanced hybrid closed-loop systemType 1 diabetesHybrid closed-loop systemMiniMed 670G systemGlucose levelsCrossover trialYoung adultsMultiple daily insulin injectionsSevere hypoglycaemic eventsDaily insulin injectionsComputer-generated sequencePermuted block designContinuous glucose monitoringBaseline HbACoprimary outcomesEndocrinology practiceHypoglycaemic eventsWashout periodHemoglobin levelsKidney diseaseMean ageInsulin injectionsProportion of timeContinuous glucose monitorImpaired awareness
2020
Insulin dose optimization using an automated artificial intelligence-based decision support system in youths with type 1 diabetes
Nimri R, Battelino T, Laffel LM, Slover RH, Schatz D, Weinzimer SA, Dovc K, Danne T, Phillip M. Insulin dose optimization using an automated artificial intelligence-based decision support system in youths with type 1 diabetes. Nature Medicine 2020, 26: 1380-1384. PMID: 32908282, DOI: 10.1038/s41591-020-1045-7.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsType 1 diabetesInsulin dose adjustmentPhysician armDose adjustmentAcademic diabetes centerInsulin pump settingsPrimary efficacy measureSevere adverse eventsTarget glucose rangeInsulin pump therapyNon-inferiority trialArtificial intelligence-based decision support systemAdverse eventsInsulin titrationDiabetes CenterEfficacy measuresPump therapyPercentage of timePercentage of readingsGlucose levelsSix monthsContinuous glucose monitoring devicesDiabetesInsulin pumpGlucose monitoring devicesA Randomized Trial of Closed-Loop Control in Children with Type 1 Diabetes
Breton MD, Kanapka LG, Beck RW, Ekhlaspour L, Forlenza GP, Cengiz E, Schoelwer M, Ruedy KJ, Jost E, Carria L, Emory E, Hsu LJ, Oliveri M, Kollman CC, Dokken BB, Weinzimer SA, DeBoer MD, Buckingham BA, Cherñavvsky D, Wadwa RP. A Randomized Trial of Closed-Loop Control in Children with Type 1 Diabetes. New England Journal Of Medicine 2020, 383: 836-845. PMID: 32846062, PMCID: PMC7920146, DOI: 10.1056/nejmoa2004736.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsType 1 diabetesSensor-augmented insulin pumpClosed-loop groupGlucose levelsMedian percentageTarget rangeInsulin pumpInsulin deliveryParallel-group trialYears of ageContinuous glucose monitoringDiabetic ketoacidosisPrimary outcomeSevere hypoglycemiaHemoglobin levelsRandomized trialsGlycemic outcomesPercentage of timeChildren 6Control groupType 1DiabetesMean percentageGlucose monitoringTrialsEffect of Afrezza on Glucose Dynamics During HCL Treatment
Galderisi A, Cohen N, Calhoun P, Kraemer K, Breton M, Weinzimer S, Cengiz E. Effect of Afrezza on Glucose Dynamics During HCL Treatment. Diabetes Care 2020, 43: 2146-2152. PMID: 32661108, PMCID: PMC7440894, DOI: 10.2337/dc20-0091.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAdministration, InhalationAdolescentAdultBlood GlucoseBlood Glucose Self-MonitoringCross-Over StudiesDiabetes Mellitus, Type 1Dose-Response Relationship, DrugEquipment and SuppliesFemaleGlycemic ControlHumansHypoglycemic AgentsInsulin Infusion SystemsInsulin, Regular, HumanMaleMealsPostprandial PeriodYoung AdultConceptsControl armPremeal bolusesPostprandial plasma glucose levelsPostprandial blood glucose controlPrimary efficacy outcomeRapid-acting insulinBlood glucose controlPlasma glucose levelsType 1 diabetesLater time pointsSequential mealsEfficacy outcomesPPG levelsSecondary outcomesGlycemic excursionsMeal studyGlucose controlSubcutaneous routeInsulin delivery systemsGlucose levelsGlucose metricsHigh doseStudy daysInsulin absorptionInsulin bolusPrecision Dosing of Rapid-Acting Insulin Matters
Aanstoot HJ, Rodriguez H, Weinzimer S, Vint N, Koeneman L. Precision Dosing of Rapid-Acting Insulin Matters. Diabetes Technology & Therapeutics 2020, 22: 346-351. PMID: 32125891, DOI: 10.1089/dia.2019.0374.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsDiabetes Mellitus, Type 1HumansHypoglycemic AgentsInsulin Infusion SystemsInsulin, Short-ActingConceptsGood glycemic controlGlycemic controlHalf-unit insulin pensInsulin pensDiabetes managementInsulin deliveryStringent glycemic controlInadequate glycemic controlType 2 diabetesType 1 diabetesPrecision of dosingDelivery devicesInsulin delivery devicesInsulin therapyGeriatric patientsHypoglycemic eventsPatient preferencesFlexible dosingPhysical activityDosingLiterature searchPrecision dosingDiabetesInsulinCorrective doses
2018
Psychosocial and Human Factors During a Trial of a Hybrid Closed Loop System for Type 1 Diabetes Management
Adams RN, Tanenbaum ML, Hanes SJ, Ambrosino JM, Ly TT, Maahs DM, Naranjo D, Walders-Abramson N, Weinzimer SA, Buckingham BA, Hood KK. Psychosocial and Human Factors During a Trial of a Hybrid Closed Loop System for Type 1 Diabetes Management. Diabetes Technology & Therapeutics 2018, 20: 648-653. PMID: 30239219, DOI: 10.1089/dia.2018.0174.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsManagement distressHuman factorsTechnology attitudesGlycemic outcomesType 1 diabetes outcomesHybrid closed-loop systemPsychosocial factorsMultisite clinical trialTrial periodDistressTrial exposureFear of hypoglycemiaDiabetes careOutpatient settingDiabetes outcomesClinical trialsType 1Insulin deliveryTrialsAttitudesOutcomesT-testRegression analysisFurther investigationAdolescentsPredictive Low-Glucose Suspend Reduces Hypoglycemia in Adults, Adolescents, and Children With Type 1 Diabetes in an At-Home Randomized Crossover Study: Results of the PROLOG Trial
Forlenza GP, Li Z, Buckingham BA, Pinsker JE, Cengiz E, Wadwa RP, Ekhlaspour L, Church MM, Weinzimer SA, Jost E, Marcal T, Andre C, Carria L, Swanson V, Lum JW, Kollman C, Woodall W, Beck RW. Predictive Low-Glucose Suspend Reduces Hypoglycemia in Adults, Adolescents, and Children With Type 1 Diabetes in an At-Home Randomized Crossover Study: Results of the PROLOG Trial. Diabetes Care 2018, 41: dc180771. PMID: 30089663, DOI: 10.2337/dc18-0771.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsType 1 diabetesSAP armPredictive low glucose suspendSensor-augmented pump therapyNew insulin delivery systemsRandomized Crossover StudySevere hypoglycemic eventsGlucose concentrationMin/dayMean glucose concentrationLow glucose suspendBasal-IQRebound hyperglycemiaSlim X2Glycemic controlPrimary outcomeCrossover studyMedian timeCrossover trialHypoglycemic eventsPump therapyInsulin delivery systemsPercentage of timeHypoglycemiaDiabetesOptimizing Hybrid Closed-Loop Therapy in Adolescents and Emerging Adults Using the MiniMed 670G System
Messer LH, Forlenza GP, Sherr JL, Wadwa RP, Buckingham BA, Weinzimer SA, Maahs DM, Slover RH. Optimizing Hybrid Closed-Loop Therapy in Adolescents and Emerging Adults Using the MiniMed 670G System. Diabetes Care 2018, 41: dc171682. PMID: 29444895, PMCID: PMC6463622, DOI: 10.2337/dc17-1682.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsMiniMed 670G systemHybrid closed-loop therapyTotal daily insulin doseYoung adult participantsDaily insulin doseType 1 diabetesOptimal clinical useAdult participantsClosed-loop therapyHybrid closed-loop systemPivotal trialsYounger patientsInsulin doseInsulin ratioClinical guidancePercentage of timeHCL useClinical sitesClinical useMonthsStudy phaseTrialsUse ratesParticipantsDelivery patterns
2017
The dawn of automated insulin delivery: A new clinical framework to conceptualize insulin administration
Messer LH, Forlenza GP, Wadwa RP, Weinzimer SA, Sherr JL, Hood KK, Buckingham BA, Slover RH, Maahs DM. The dawn of automated insulin delivery: A new clinical framework to conceptualize insulin administration. Pediatric Diabetes 2017, 19: 14-17. PMID: 28656656, DOI: 10.1111/pedi.12535.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsDiabetes MellitusHumansHypoglycemic AgentsInsulinInsulin Infusion SystemsPancreas, Artificial