2000
Racial Disparities in Access to Renal Transplantation — Clinically Appropriate or Due to Underuse or Overuse?
Epstein A, Ayanian J, Keogh J, Noonan S, Armistead N, Cleary P, Weissman J, David-Kasdan J, Carlson D, Fuller J, Marsh D, Conti R. Racial Disparities in Access to Renal Transplantation — Clinically Appropriate or Due to Underuse or Overuse? New England Journal Of Medicine 2000, 343: 1537-1544. PMID: 11087884, PMCID: PMC4598055, DOI: 10.1056/nejm200011233432106.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsWaiting listRenal transplantationRacial disparitiesEnd-stage renal diseaseAppropriateness of patientsRate of referralAppropriate candidatesChart reviewClinical characteristicsDevelopment of interventionsRenal diseaseTransplantation centersWhite patientsBlack patientsAppropriateness CriteriaInappropriate careClinical appropriatenessSurgical proceduresPatientsTransplantationSpecific causesInappropriate candidatesExpert panelDistrict of ColumbiaRacial differences
1999
The Effect of Patients' Preferences on Racial Differences in Access to Renal Transplantation
Ayanian J, Cleary P, Weissman J, Epstein A. The Effect of Patients' Preferences on Racial Differences in Access to Renal Transplantation. New England Journal Of Medicine 1999, 341: 1661-1669. PMID: 10572155, DOI: 10.1056/nejm199911253412206.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsEnd-stage renal diseaseRenal transplantationBlack patientsPatient preferencesRenal diseaseWhite patientsRacial differencesRate of referralPerceptions of careSubstantial racial differencesEligible patientsRenal failureTransplantation centersDialysis therapyMaintenance treatmentWaiting listPatientsTransplantationDialysis facilitiesHealth statusMedical careSociodemographic characteristicsStratified random sampleWhite womenWhite men