2017
There is inadequate evidence to support the division of the genus Borrelia
Margos G, Marosevic D, Cutler S, Derdakova M, Diuk-Wasser M, Emler S, Fish D, Gray J, Hunfeldt K, Jaulhac B, Kahl O, Kovalev S, Kraiczy P, Lane R, Lienhard R, Lindgren P, Ogden N, Ornstein K, Rupprecht T, Schwartz I, Sing A, Straubinger R, Strle F, Voordouw M, Rizzoli A, Stevenson B, Fingerle V. There is inadequate evidence to support the division of the genus Borrelia. International Journal Of Systematic And Evolutionary Microbiology 2017, 67: 1081-1084. PMID: 27930271, DOI: 10.1099/ijsem.0.001717.Peer-Reviewed Original Research
2013
Quantitative PCR for Detection of Babesia microti in Ixodes scapularis Ticks and in Human Blood
Rollend L, Bent SJ, Krause PJ, Usmani-Brown S, Steeves TK, States SL, Lepore T, Ryan R, Dias F, Mamoun C, Fish D, Diuk-Wasser MA. Quantitative PCR for Detection of Babesia microti in Ixodes scapularis Ticks and in Human Blood. Vector-Borne And Zoonotic Diseases 2013, 13: 784-790. PMID: 24107203, PMCID: PMC3822370, DOI: 10.1089/vbz.2011.0935.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsB. microti DNAIxodes scapularis ticksHuman babesiosisScapularis ticksBabesia microtiQuantitative PCRViral-like illnessB. microti infectionAcute infectionBlood transfusionDisparate incidenceMicroti infectionProlonged illnessBlood supplyI. scapularis ticksBlood samplesEpidemiological surveillanceInfected peopleBorrelia miyamotoiB. microtiBorrelia burgdorferiHuman blood samplesI. scapularis nymphsAnaplasma phagocytophilumSpecific quantitative PCR
2009
Phylogeography of Borrelia burgdorferi in the eastern United States reflects multiple independent Lyme disease emergence events
Hoen AG, Margos G, Bent SJ, Diuk-Wasser MA, Barbour A, Kurtenbach K, Fish D. Phylogeography of Borrelia burgdorferi in the eastern United States reflects multiple independent Lyme disease emergence events. Proceedings Of The National Academy Of Sciences Of The United States Of America 2009, 106: 15013-15018. PMID: 19706476, PMCID: PMC2727481, DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0903810106.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAllelesBacterial Typing TechniquesBase SequenceBorrelia burgdorferiDNA, BacterialLyme DiseasePhylogenyUnited StatesConceptsB. burgdorferi populationsPhylogeographic population structurePopulation size expansionBacterial housekeeping geneDisease emergence eventsPopulation structureRange expansionHousekeeping genesB. burgdorferiDescendent clonesEuropean settlementEmergence eventsEastern United StatesSize expansionCoastal ConnecticutTick vectorGeographic extent
2008
MLST of housekeeping genes captures geographic population structure and suggests a European origin of Borrelia burgdorferi
Margos G, Gatewood A, Aanensen D, Hanincová K, Terekhova D, Vollmer S, Cornet M, Piesman J, Donaghy M, Bormane A, Hurn M, Feil E, Fish D, Casjens S, Wormser G, Schwartz I, Kurtenbach K. MLST of housekeeping genes captures geographic population structure and suggests a European origin of Borrelia burgdorferi. Proceedings Of The National Academy Of Sciences Of The United States Of America 2008, 105: 8730-8735. PMID: 18574151, PMCID: PMC2435589, DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0800323105.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsHousekeeping genesIntergenic spacerPopulation structureGeographic population structureChromosomal housekeeping genesMultilocus sequence typing (MLST) schemeB. burgdorferiPhylogenetic signalNorth AmericaEvolutionary relationshipsSequence typing schemeEvolutionary trajectoriesIGS locusSequence dataMLST schemeCultured isolatesGenesBorrelia burgdorferiOuter surface protein CMLST dataDistinct populationsSurface protein CBacterium Borrelia burgdorferiEuropean populationsVector-borne diseases
2004
Typing of Borrelia Relapsing Fever Group Strains - Volume 10, Number 9—September 2004 - Emerging Infectious Diseases journal - CDC
Bunikis J, Tsao J, Garpmo U, Berglund J, Fish D, Barbour A. Typing of Borrelia Relapsing Fever Group Strains - Volume 10, Number 9—September 2004 - Emerging Infectious Diseases journal - CDC. Emerging Infectious Diseases 2004, 10: 1661-1664. PMID: 15498172, PMCID: PMC3320305, DOI: 10.3201/eid1009.040236.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchSequence typing reveals extensive strain diversity of the Lyme borreliosis agents Borrelia burgdorferi in North America and Borrelia afzelii in Europe
Bunikis J, Garpmo U, Tsao J, Berglund J, Fish D, Barbour A. Sequence typing reveals extensive strain diversity of the Lyme borreliosis agents Borrelia burgdorferi in North America and Borrelia afzelii in Europe. Microbiology 2004, 150: 1741-1755. PMID: 15184561, DOI: 10.1099/mic.0.26944-0.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsIntergenic spacerGenetic diversityIGS locusIGS genotypesOspC allelesHigh nucleotide diversityDistinct clonal lineagesGreater genetic diversityB. burgdorferiNorth-eastern United StatesTick vector Ixodes scapularisNucleotide diversityMonophyletic lineageSignature nucleotidesPhylogenetic studiesLinkage groupsIGS sequencesPhylogenetic inferenceIntragenic recombinationExtensive strain diversityDetectable recombinationVector Ixodes scapularisClonal lineagesField sitesLociBorrelia burgdorferi Infection in a Natural Population of Peromyscus Leucopus Mice: A Longitudinal Study in an Area Where Lyme Borreliosis Is Highly Endemic
Bunikis J, Tsao J, Luke C, Luna M, Fish D, Barbour A. Borrelia burgdorferi Infection in a Natural Population of Peromyscus Leucopus Mice: A Longitudinal Study in an Area Where Lyme Borreliosis Is Highly Endemic. The Journal Of Infectious Diseases 2004, 189: 1515-1523. PMID: 15073690, DOI: 10.1086/382594.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAnimalsAntibodies, BacterialAntigens, BacterialBacterial Outer Membrane ProteinsBlotting, WesternBorrelia burgdorferiConnecticutDisease ReservoirsDNA, BacterialEndemic DiseasesFemaleImmunoenzyme TechniquesIncidenceIxodesLongitudinal StudiesLyme DiseasePeromyscusPolymerase Chain ReactionRodent DiseasesSeasonsSeroepidemiologic StudiesConceptsPeromyscus leucopus miceLeucopus miceTransmission seasonBorrelia burgdorferi infectionPolymerase chain reactionSurface protein CBurgdorferi infectionBlood samplesMice ageEnzyme immunoassayLyme borreliosisMiceSerum samplesProtein CDynamics of infectionBorrelia burgdorferiB. burgdorferiChain reactionLongitudinal studyEnzootic siteInfectionAntibodiesEntire populationBurgdorferiIxodes scapularis
2003
Genetic Variability within Borrelia burgdorferi Sensu Lato Genospecies Established by PCR-Single-Strand Conformation Polymorphism Analysis of the rrfA-rrlB Intergenic Spacer in Ixodes ricinus Ticks from the Czech Republic
Derdáková M, Beati L, Pet'ko B, Stanko M, Fish D. Genetic Variability within Borrelia burgdorferi Sensu Lato Genospecies Established by PCR-Single-Strand Conformation Polymorphism Analysis of the rrfA-rrlB Intergenic Spacer in Ixodes ricinus Ticks from the Czech Republic. Applied And Environmental Microbiology 2003, 69: 509-516. PMID: 12514035, PMCID: PMC152394, DOI: 10.1128/aem.69.1.509-516.2003.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchAnimalsBacterial Typing TechniquesBorrelia burgdorferi GroupCzech RepublicDNA, BacterialDNA, Ribosomal SpacerGenetic VariationGenotypeHumansIxodesMolecular Sequence DataPhylogenyPolymerase Chain ReactionPolymorphism, Restriction Fragment LengthPolymorphism, Single-Stranded ConformationalSequence Analysis, DNA
2002
Detection of Attenuated, Noninfectious Spirochetes in Borrelia burgdorferi–Infected Mice after Antibiotic Treatment
Bockenstedt LK, Mao J, Hodzic E, Barthold SW, Fish D. Detection of Attenuated, Noninfectious Spirochetes in Borrelia burgdorferi–Infected Mice after Antibiotic Treatment. The Journal Of Infectious Diseases 2002, 186: 1430-1437. PMID: 12404158, DOI: 10.1086/345284.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsPolymerase chain reactionSham-treated miceAntibiotic-treated miceBorrelia burgdorferi infectionReal-time polymerase chain reactionIxodes scapularis ticksAntibiotic therapyNaive miceHistopathologic evidenceAntibiotic treatmentBurgdorferi infectionPersistent infectionSpirochete DNAMiceBorrelia burgdorferiMonthsScapularis ticksChain reactionTherapyXenodiagnosisInfectionSpirochetesLimited durationTreatmentLow levelsComparison of the Reservoir Competence of Medium-Sized Mammals and Peromyscus leucopus for Anaplasma phagocytophilum in Connecticut
Levin M, Nicholson W, Massung R, Sumner J, Fish D. Comparison of the Reservoir Competence of Medium-Sized Mammals and Peromyscus leucopus for Anaplasma phagocytophilum in Connecticut. Vector-Borne And Zoonotic Diseases 2002, 2: 125-136. PMID: 12737542, DOI: 10.1089/15303660260613693.Peer-Reviewed Original Research
2001
Infection of Mice with the Agent of Human Granulocytic Ehrlichiosis after Different Routes of Inoculation
Hodzic E, Feng S, Fish D, Leutenegger C, Freet K, Barthold S. Infection of Mice with the Agent of Human Granulocytic Ehrlichiosis after Different Routes of Inoculation. The Journal Of Infectious Diseases 2001, 183: 1781-1786. PMID: 11372031, DOI: 10.1086/320735.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsBone marrow samplesReal-time polymerase chain reactionPolymerase chain reactionHuman granulocytic ehrlichiosisMarrow samplesDay 20Granulocytic ehrlichiosisInfection of miceRate of infectionKinetics of infectionLymph nodesGene targetsInfected miceC3H miceEarly disseminationVascular perfusionDay 10Experimental infectionInfectionMiceNeedle inoculationChain reactionBloodEhrlichiosisInoculationA Relapsing Fever Group Spirochete Transmitted by Ixodes scapularis Ticks
Scoles G, Papero M, Beati L, Fish D. A Relapsing Fever Group Spirochete Transmitted by Ixodes scapularis Ticks. Vector-Borne And Zoonotic Diseases 2001, 1: 21-34. PMID: 12653133, DOI: 10.1089/153036601750137624.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchAnimalsAntigens, BacterialAntigens, SurfaceArachnid VectorsBacterial Outer Membrane ProteinsBacterial VaccinesBorreliaDNA, BacterialDNA, RibosomalFemaleFlagellinInfectious Disease Transmission, VerticalIxodesLipoproteinsPeromyscusPhylogenyPolymerase Chain ReactionRabbitsRelapsing FeverSequence Homology, Nucleic AcidSheep
2000
Francisella-like Endosymbionts of Ticks
Sun L, Scoles G, Fish D, O'Neill S. Francisella-like Endosymbionts of Ticks. Journal Of Invertebrate Pathology 2000, 76: 301-303. PMID: 11112376, DOI: 10.1006/jipa.2000.4983.Peer-Reviewed Original Research
1997
Prevalence of the Rickettsial Agent of Human Granulocytic Ehrlichiosis in Ticks from a Hyperendemic Focus of Lyme Disease
Schwartz I, Fish D, Daniels T. Prevalence of the Rickettsial Agent of Human Granulocytic Ehrlichiosis in Ticks from a Hyperendemic Focus of Lyme Disease. New England Journal Of Medicine 1997, 337: 49-50. PMID: 9213773, DOI: 10.1056/nejm199707033370111.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchInhibition of efficient polymerase chain reaction amplification of Borrelia burgdorferi DNA in blood-fed ticks.
Schwartz I, Varde S, Nadelman R, Wormser G, Fish D. Inhibition of efficient polymerase chain reaction amplification of Borrelia burgdorferi DNA in blood-fed ticks. American Journal Of Tropical Medicine And Hygiene 1997, 56: 339-42. PMID: 9129540, DOI: 10.4269/ajtmh.1997.56.339.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAnimalsArachnid VectorsBorrelia burgdorferi GroupDNA, BacterialIxodesLyme DiseaseNymphPolymerase Chain ReactionConceptsB. burgdorferi DNABorrelia burgdorferi DNAB. burgdorferiInfection rateB. burgdorferi infectionPolymerase chain reaction analysisUtility of PCRInhibitory substancesBurgdorferi infectionChain reaction analysisPCR analysisPositive PCR signalUnfed ticksPolymerase chain reaction amplificationBlood-feeding ticksChain reaction amplificationTick lysatesEngorged ticksPCR amplificationBlood mealSuch inhibitionBurgdorferiEquivalent cohortsReaction amplificationInhibitors
1996
Suppression of Acute Ixodes scapularis-Induced Borrelia burgdorferi Infection using Tumor Necrosis Factor-α, Interleukin-2, and Interferon-γ
Zeidner N, Dreitz M, Belasco D, Fish D. Suppression of Acute Ixodes scapularis-Induced Borrelia burgdorferi Infection using Tumor Necrosis Factor-α, Interleukin-2, and Interferon-γ. The Journal Of Infectious Diseases 1996, 173: 187-195. PMID: 8537658, DOI: 10.1093/infdis/173.1.187.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAcute DiseaseAnimalsAntibodies, BacterialArachnid VectorsBlotting, WesternBorrelia burgdorferi GroupDNA, BacterialDrug Therapy, CombinationElectrophoresis, Polyacrylamide GelFluorescent Antibody TechniqueImmune ToleranceImmunity, CellularInjections, IntraperitonealInterferon-gammaInterleukin-2IxodesLyme DiseaseMiceMice, Inbred C3HPolymerase Chain ReactionRandom AllocationTumor Necrosis Factor-alphaConceptsTumor necrosis factorNecrosis factorBurgdorferi infectionB. burgdorferiC3H/HeJ miceTick feedingBorrelia burgdorferi infectionB. burgdorferi infectionImmune containmentPolymerase chain reaction analysisCellular immunityCytokine productionIL-2TNF-alphaHeJ miceInterleukin-2IFN-gammaChain reaction analysisDay 21Infection rateWestern blotEar biopsiesProtection rateInfectionBorrelia burgdorferi