2014
Borrelia burgdorferi Promotes the Establishment of Babesia microti in the Northeastern United States
Dunn JM, Krause PJ, Davis S, Vannier EG, Fitzpatrick MC, Rollend L, Belperron AA, States SL, Stacey A, Bockenstedt LK, Fish D, Diuk-Wasser MA. Borrelia burgdorferi Promotes the Establishment of Babesia microti in the Northeastern United States. PLOS ONE 2014, 9: e115494. PMID: 25545393, PMCID: PMC4278703, DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0115494.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsB. microtiB. burgdorferiBabesia microtiLyme diseaseRespective causative agentsSpread of babesiosisI. scapularis larvaeInfected micePrimary reservoir hostHigh prevalenceLeucopus miceMiceHuman babesiosisBorrelia burgdorferiLaboratory dataLarval burdenCausative agentMicrotiBurgdorferiCoinfectionReservoir hostsDiseaseR0 modelBasic reproduction numberEnzootic cycle
2000
Coinfection with Borrelia burgdorferi and the agent of human granulocytic ehrlichiosis suppresses IL‐2 and IFNγ production and promotes an IL‐4 response in C3H/HeJ mice
Zeidner N, Dolan M, Massung R, Piesman J, Fish D. Coinfection with Borrelia burgdorferi and the agent of human granulocytic ehrlichiosis suppresses IL‐2 and IFNγ production and promotes an IL‐4 response in C3H/HeJ mice. Parasite Immunology 2000, 22: 581-588. PMID: 11116438, DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-3024.2000.00339.x.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsIL-4 productionIL-2Human granulocytic ehrlichiosisT cellsB. burgdorferiGranulocytic ehrlichiosisC3H/HeJ miceSplenic IL-4Systemic IL-2Th2 cytokine responsesIL-4 responsesIFN-gamma productionSplenic T cellsIFN-gamma responsesTick infestationHuman granulocytic ehrlichiosis (HGE) agentBorrelia burgdorferi transmissionIFNγ productionCytokine responsesIL-4HeJ miceGamma productionB cellsCoinfectionDay 10