Isabel Theresia Gross, MD, PhD, MPH
Associate Professor of Pediatrics (Emergency Medicine)Cards
Appointments
Contact Info
About
Titles
Associate Professor of Pediatrics (Emergency Medicine)
Biography
Dr. Isabel Theresia Gross is an Associate Professor of Pediatrics and Pediatric Emergency Medicine Physician at Yale University School of Medicine. She is the founding chair of the Healthcare Distance Simulation Collaboration, she is on the executive board of INSPIRE, and she serves on the Board of Directors for the International Pediatric Simulation Society (IPSS). Dr. Gross is an established simulation-based researcher and research mentor for her international colleagues. Her simulation-based research focus is on distance simulation, international outreach simulations, and the explorations of new methods and technologies in simulation-based education.
Appointments
Pediatric Emergency Medicine
Associate Professor on TermPrimary
Other Departments & Organizations
Education & Training
- Pediatric Emergency Medicine Fellow
- Yale School of Medicine (2019)
- Chief Resident
- University of South Florida (2016)
- MPH
- University of South Florida (2016)
- Pediatric Resident
- University of South Florida (2015)
- Pediatric Resident
- Children's Hospital Tübingen (2012)
- PhD
- Albert-Ludwigs University Freiburg (2010)
- MD
- Albert-Ludwigs University Freiburg (2010)
Research
Overview
Medical Research Interests
ORCID
0000-0003-4410-6758
Research at a Glance
Yale Co-Authors
Publications Timeline
Research Interests
Marc Auerbach, MD, FAAP, MSc
Travis Whitfill, PhD, MPH
Antonio Riera, MD
Brooke Ballantine Redmond, MD
Christie J Bruno, DO
Julie Leviter, MD
Simulation Training
Publications
2025
Exploring the Use of a Large Language Model in Simulation Debriefing: An Observational Simulation-Based Pilot Study.
Hong E, Kazmir S, Dylik B, Auerbach M, Rosati M, Athanasopoulou S, Himmelstein R, Whitfill T, Johnston L, Wolbrink T, Rosen A, Gross I. Exploring the Use of a Large Language Model in Simulation Debriefing: An Observational Simulation-Based Pilot Study. Simulation In Healthcare The Journal Of The Society For Simulation In Healthcare 2025 PMID: 40326794, DOI: 10.1097/sih.0000000000000861.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsLanguage modelNASA-TLXTask loadGenerative artificial intelligencePilot studyMean Likert scoreNASA-TLX scoresAI integrationAI technologyArtificial intelligenceHuman oversightTask workloadComprehensive debriefingDebriefing scriptDebriefing qualitySimulation debriefingHigher mental demandComplex taskSimulation facilitatorsSchool of MedicineFacilitator debriefsWorkload assessmentDebriefingSelf-reportComplex informationArtificial Intelligence: Crossing a Threshold in Healthcare Education and Simulation
Bajwa M, Morton A, Patel A, Palaganas J, Gross I. Artificial Intelligence: Crossing a Threshold in Healthcare Education and Simulation. Cureus Journal Of Computer Science 2025, 2: 3758. DOI: 10.7759/s44389-025-03758-3.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchImpact of a Two-Person Mask Ventilation Technique During Neonatal Resuscitation: A Simulation-Based Randomized Controlled Trial
Bibl K, Wagner M, Dvorsky R, Haderer M, Strasser L, Berger A, Ades A, Castera M, Gross I, Nishisaki A. Impact of a Two-Person Mask Ventilation Technique During Neonatal Resuscitation: A Simulation-Based Randomized Controlled Trial. The Journal Of Pediatrics 2025, 282: 114568. PMID: 40158839, DOI: 10.1016/j.jpeds.2025.114568.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchAltmetricMeSH Keywords and ConceptsConceptsMask leakNeonatal resuscitationTwo-person techniqueVentilation techniquesNeonatal care providersChildren's Hospital of PhiladelphiaPositive inspiratory pressureBag-mask ventilationMask ventilation techniquesRespiratory function monitorExpiratory tidal volumeClinical Trials RegistryOne-person techniqueRandomized controlled trialsInspiratory pressureChildren's HospitalPrimary outcomeVentilation targetsTidal volumeMinute ventilationTrials RegistryControlled trialsFunction monitoringVentilation parametersClinical setting
2024
Impact of visual distraction on neonatal mask ventilation: a simulation-based eye-tracking study
Bibl K, Wagner M, Dvorsky R, Haderer M, Giordano V, Groepel P, Berger A, Whitfill T, Kadhim B, Auerbach M, Gross I. Impact of visual distraction on neonatal mask ventilation: a simulation-based eye-tracking study. Archives Of Disease In Childhood Fetal & Neonatal 2024, 110: 334-340. PMID: 39578042, DOI: 10.1136/archdischild-2024-327483.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchCitationsAltmetricConceptsPositive pressure ventilationMask leakVisual gaze patternsLeak-free manikinUmbilical vein catheterRespiratory function monitorNeonatal mask ventilationMinute volumeVenous blood gasesRespiratory rateStatistically significant differenceNewborn manikinNeonatal resuscitationMask ventilationPressure ventilationInfant's chestMask leakageVein catheterBlood gasesChest compressionsAdministered fluidFunction monitoringPaediatric residentsVentilation parametersSignificant differencePP079 Topic: AS09–Global Health/Resource Limited Setting/Health Inequalities/Impact of Global Warming/Other: PEDIATRIC CRITICAL CARE NURSING EMPOWERMENT THROUGH DISTANCE EDUCATION AND SIMULATION IN ACCRA, GHANA
Nader M, Silvers R, Phatak U, White L, Jaeger M, Whitfill T, Owusu-Sekyere F, Boetang G, Lano G, Canarie M, Gross I. PP079 Topic: AS09–Global Health/Resource Limited Setting/Health Inequalities/Impact of Global Warming/Other: PEDIATRIC CRITICAL CARE NURSING EMPOWERMENT THROUGH DISTANCE EDUCATION AND SIMULATION IN ACCRA, GHANA. Pediatric Critical Care Medicine 2024, 25: e44-e44. DOI: 10.1097/01.pcc.0001084908.38822.56.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchPediatric critical care nursing empowerment through distance education and simulation in Accra, Ghana
Nader M, Silvers R, Phatak U, White L, Jaeger M, Whitfill T, Owusu-Sekyere F, Boateng G, Lano G, Canarie M, Gross I. Pediatric critical care nursing empowerment through distance education and simulation in Accra, Ghana. Clinical Simulation In Nursing 2024, 96: 101616. DOI: 10.1016/j.ecns.2024.101616.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchAltmetricConceptsNurse empowermentKorle Bu Teaching HospitalNursing curriculumPediatric intensive care unitClinical Teamwork ScaleSimulation Effectiveness ToolSimulated case scenariosFree-text feedbackPediatric critical careQualitative content analysisTeamwork ScaleNursing staffDistance simulationEducational interventionCritical careTeaching hospitalIntensive care unitContent analysisPilot studyCare unitInternational partnershipsEmpowermentCase scenariosMixing methodEducational contentIn-Person Healthcare Simulation: An Umbrella Review of the Literature.
Palaganas J, Mosher C, Wawersik D, Eller S, Kirkpatrick A, Lazarovici M, Brown K, Stapleton S, Hughes P, Tarbet A, Morton A, Duff J, Gross I, Sanko J. In-Person Healthcare Simulation: An Umbrella Review of the Literature. Simulation In Healthcare The Journal Of The Society For Simulation In Healthcare 2024 PMID: 39353859, DOI: 10.1097/sih.0000000000000822.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchCitationsConceptsSimulation-based educationUmbrella reviewSystematic reviewSystematic review findingsPreferred Reporting ItemsMeta-Analysis guidelinesRandomized controlled trialsResearch funding opportunitiesNontechnical skillsReporting ItemsIn-personHealthcare simulationControlled trialsReview findingsLongitudinal studyStandardized terminologyAttitudinal changeFunding opportunitiesThemesSample sizeMixing methodEducationOutcomesLearning outcomesHealthcareExploring the content validity of Clinical Cultural Competence Questionnaire in diverse cultures
Fayyaz J, Leighton K, Bajwa M, Kumar A, Gross I, Kardong-Edgren S. Exploring the content validity of Clinical Cultural Competence Questionnaire in diverse cultures. International Journal Of Healthcare Simulation 2024 DOI: 10.54531/axgb5704.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsClinical Cultural Competency QuestionnaireContent validity indexCultural Competency QuestionnaireCompetence QuestionnaireCultural competenceCulturally competent knowledgeSurvey response rateInternational groupClinical cultural competenceHealthcare professionalsHealthcare providersTool itemsContent validitySimulation educationQuestionnaire contentValidity indexMedical schoolsModified itemsLawshe methodDemographic informationIndividual itemsCompetent knowledgeEffective communicationLawsheQuestionnaireHealth Care Simulation in Person and at a Distance
Birido N, Brown K, Olmo Ferrer D, Friedland R, Bailey S, Wawersik D, Charnetski M, Nair B, Kutzin J, Gross I, Palaganas J. Health Care Simulation in Person and at a Distance. Simulation In Healthcare The Journal Of The Society For Simulation In Healthcare 2024, 19: s65-s74. PMID: 38240620, DOI: 10.1097/sih.0000000000000763.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchCitationsAltmetricMeSH Keywords and ConceptsSociety for Simulation in Healthcare Guidelines for Simulation Training
Stefanidis D, Cook D, Kalantar-Motamedi S, Muret-Wagstaff S, Calhoun A, Lauridsen K, Paige J, Lockey A, Donoghue A, Hall A, Patocka C, Palaganas J, Gross I, Kessler D, Vermylen J, Lin Y, Aebersold M, Chang T, Duff J, Kolbe M, Rutherford-Hemming T, Decker S, Collings A, Toseef Ansari M. Society for Simulation in Healthcare Guidelines for Simulation Training. Simulation In Healthcare The Journal Of The Society For Simulation In Healthcare 2024, 19: s4-s22. PMID: 38240614, DOI: 10.1097/sih.0000000000000776.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchCitationsAltmetricMeSH Keywords and ConceptsConceptsEvidence-based guidelinesSociety for SimulationHealthcare professionalsSimulation trainingTraining of healthcare professionalsHealthcare guidelinesRecommendations AssessmentTraining backgroundHealthcareSystematic reviewIdentified key questionsExpert recommendationsMethod of simulation trainingConsensus recommendationsProfessionalsGuidelinesTrainingRecommendationsKey questionsEffective useQuestionsOptimization methodAssessment
Clinical Care
Overview
Isabel Theresia Gross, MD, PhD, is a pediatric emergency medicine physician who specializes in caring for children and adolescents with urgent medical needs. She provides acute care for a wide range of childhood emergencies, including injuries, infections, and sudden illnesses that require immediate attention.
As an associate professor of pediatrics at Yale School of Medicine, Dr. Gross focuses her research on simulation-based education, which involves using realistic scenarios and technology to help healthcare teams practice and improve clinical skills in a safe environment. Her work emphasizes distance simulation—training that allows for remote participation—and global outreach simulations designed to enhance medical education in a variety of settings around the world. Additionally, Dr. Gross explores emerging technologies, such as eye-tracking and artificial intelligence, to advance simulation-based learning and patient safety.
Dr. Gross received her medical and doctoral degrees from Albert-Ludwigs University Freiburg. She completed her residency in pediatrics and neonatology at University of South Florida and Children’s Hospital Tübingen, as well as a fellowship in pediatric emergency medicine at Yale School of Medicine.
Clinical Specialties
Board Certifications
Pediatric Emergency Medicine
- Certification Organization
- AB of Pediatrics
- Original Certification Date
- 2021
Pediatrics
- Certification Organization
- AB of Pediatrics
- Original Certification Date
- 2015
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