2025
Forecasting optimal treatments in relapsed/refractory mature T‐ and NK‐cell lymphomas: A global PETAL Consortium study
Sorial M, Han J, Koh M, Boussi L, Li S, Duan R, Lu J, Lei M, MacVicar C, Freydman J, Malespini J, Aniagboso K, McCabe S, Peng L, Singh S, Iwasaki M, Eche‐Ugwu I, Gabler J, Turizo M, Garg A, Disciullo A, Chopra K, Ford J, Lenart A, Nwodo E, Barnes J, Koh M, Miranda E, Chiattone C, Stuver R, Merrill M, Jacobsen E, Manni M, Civallero M, Skrypets T, Lymboussaki A, Federico M, Kim Y, Kim J, Cho J, Eipe T, Shet T, Epari S, Shetty A, Saha S, Jain H, Sengar M, Van Der Weyden C, Prince H, Hamouche R, Muradashvili T, Foss F, Gentilini M, Casadei B, Zinzani P, Okatani T, Yoshida N, Yoon S, Kim W, Panchoo G, Mohamed Z, Verburgh E, Alturas J, Al‐Mansour M, Cabrera M, Ku A, Bhagat G, Ma H, Sawas A, Kariya K, Bhanushali F, Meharwal A, Mistry D, Kosovsky M, Yeterian M, O'Connor O, Marchi E, Shen C, Shah D, Jain S. Forecasting optimal treatments in relapsed/refractory mature T‐ and NK‐cell lymphomas: A global PETAL Consortium study. British Journal Of Haematology 2025, 206: 1664-1677. PMID: 40310502, PMCID: PMC12167149, DOI: 10.1111/bjh.20063.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsT-cell lymphomaCytotoxic chemotherapySmall molecule inhibitorsEpigenetic modifiersAngioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphomaPrimary refractory diseaseNK-cell lymphomasHigh-risk groupTransplant consolidationOverall survivalRefractory diseaseNK cellsPrognostic indexT cellsIdeal therapyMature TOptimal treatmentLymphomaGlobal cohortTreatment sequenceMolecule inhibitorsPatientsThird lineConsortium studyTreatment
2023
Evaluation of the Sensitivity to Endocrine Therapy Index and 21-Gene Breast Recurrence Score in the SWOG S8814 Trial
Speers C, Symmans W, Barlow W, Trevarton A, The S, Du L, Rae J, Shak S, Baehner R, Sharma P, Pusztai L, Hortobagyi G, Hayes D, Albain K, Godwin A, Thompson A. Evaluation of the Sensitivity to Endocrine Therapy Index and 21-Gene Breast Recurrence Score in the SWOG S8814 Trial. Journal Of Clinical Oncology 2023, 41: 1841-1848. PMID: 36649570, PMCID: PMC10082279, DOI: 10.1200/jco.22.01499.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsBreast Recurrence ScoreAnthracycline-based chemotherapyDisease-free survivalRecurrence scoreEndocrine therapyTherapy indexAdjuvant anthracycline-based chemotherapyNode-positive breast cancerAdjuvant endocrine therapyPrimary end pointSubset of patientsPostmenopausal patientsChemotherapy benefitTreatment armsPrognostic indexPrognostic informationBreast cancerPrognostic assessmentPrognostic performancePatientsEnd pointTumor samplesChemotherapyClinical validationProportional hazards assumption
2022
A tumor volume and performance status model to predict outcome prior to treatment in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma
Thieblemont C, Chartier L, Dührsen U, Vitolo U, Barrington S, Zaucha J, Vercellino L, da Silva M, Patrocinio-Carvalho I, Decazes P, Viailly P, Tilly H, Berriolo-Riedinger A, Casasnovas O, Hüttmann A, Ilyas H, Mikhaeel N, Dunn J, Cottereau A, Schmitz C, Kostakoglu L, Paulson J, Nielsen T, Meignan M. A tumor volume and performance status model to predict outcome prior to treatment in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. Blood Advances 2022, 6: 5995-6004. PMID: 36044385, PMCID: PMC9691911, DOI: 10.1182/bloodadvances.2021006923.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsLarge B-cell lymphomaAggressive large B-cell lymphomaB-cell lymphomaRisk factorsTumor volumePerformance statusDiffuse large B-cell lymphomaInternational Prognostic IndexMetabolic tumor volumeProgression-free survivalReal-world seriesReal-world clinicsREMARC trialOverall survivalRefractory diseaseECOG-PSPrognostic indexIntermediate riskInitial treatmentTreatment initiationRisk stratificationC-indexOlder patientsPrognostic toolClinical trialsPatient‐reported outcomes provide prognostic information for survival in patients with diffuse large B‐cell lymphoma: Analysis of 1239 patients from the GOYA study
Huang H, Datye A, Fan M, Knapp A, Nielsen T, Bottos A, Paulson J, Trask P, Efficace F. Patient‐reported outcomes provide prognostic information for survival in patients with diffuse large B‐cell lymphoma: Analysis of 1239 patients from the GOYA study. Cancer Medicine 2022, 11: 3312-3322. PMID: 35322932, PMCID: PMC9468432, DOI: 10.1002/cam4.4692.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsDiffuse large B-cell lymphomaInternational Prognostic IndexProgression-free survivalLarge B-cell lymphomaB-cell lymphomaOverall survivalPrognostic valuePatient-reported outcomesPrognostic informationCox regression analysis of overall survivalClinical variablesAnalysis of overall survivalPhase III studyFifty-nine patientsCox regression analysisPatient risk stratificationPopulation of patientsEuropean Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of LifeEuropean Organization for Research and TreatmentPlus chemotherapyIII studiesPrognostic indexTreatment of Cancer Quality of LifeGlobal health status/quality of lifeGlobal health status/quality
2020
Predicting prostate cancer death among 98,994 veterans: Differences by race/ethnicity.
Janet T, Danciu I, Justice A, Leapman M, McMahon B, Wadia R. Predicting prostate cancer death among 98,994 veterans: Differences by race/ethnicity. Journal Of Clinical Oncology 2020, 38: e17609-e17609. DOI: 10.1200/jco.2020.38.15_suppl.e17609.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchProstate cancer deathNon-Hispanic blacksNon-Hispanic whitesVeterans Affairs Healthcare SystemRace/ethnicityHazard ratioGleason scoreCancer deathProstate cancerU.S. Veterans Affairs healthcare systemProstate cancer disease progressionDistant metastatic diseaseProstate cancer mortalityCancer disease progressionLocalized diseasePSA levelsMedian ageMetastatic diseaseLymph nodesPrognostic indexCancer mortalityTumor stageDisease progressionCox modelAge strataBeyond an Updated Graded Prognostic Assessment (Breast GPA): A Prognostic Index and Trends in Treatment and Survival in Breast Cancer Brain Metastases From 1985 to Today
Sperduto PW, Mesko S, Li J, Cagney D, Aizer A, Lin NU, Nesbit E, Kruser TJ, Chan J, Braunstein S, Lee J, Kirkpatrick JP, Breen W, Brown PD, Shi D, Shih HA, Soliman H, Sahgal A, Shanley R, Sperduto W, Lou E, Everett A, Boggs DH, Masucci L, Roberge D, Remick J, Plichta K, Buatti JM, Jain S, Gaspar LE, Wu CC, Wang TJC, Bryant J, Chuong M, Yu J, Chiang V, Nakano T, Aoyama H, Mehta MP. Beyond an Updated Graded Prognostic Assessment (Breast GPA): A Prognostic Index and Trends in Treatment and Survival in Breast Cancer Brain Metastases From 1985 to Today. International Journal Of Radiation Oncology • Biology • Physics 2020, 107: 334-343. PMID: 32084525, PMCID: PMC7276246, DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2020.01.051.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsDiagnosis-specific prognostic factorsHuman epidermal receptor 2Prognostic factorsMedian survivalBreast-GPABrain metastasesBreast cancerCohort BCohort APrognostic indexReceptor 2Tumor subtypesBreast cancer brain metastasesKaplan-Meier survival estimatesCancer brain metastasesGraded Prognostic AssessmentKarnofsky performance statusLarge contemporary cohortLog-rank testFuture clinical trialsNew prognostic factorsGPA 0Extracranial metastasesPerformance statusBetter prognosis
2019
Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte and Platelet-to-Lymphocyte Ratios as Prognostic Inflammatory Biomarkers in Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), Hepatitis C Virus (HCV), and HIV/HCV Coinfection
Hanberg JS, Freiberg MS, Goetz MB, Rodriguez-Barradas MC, Gibert C, Oursler KA, Justice AC, Tate JP. Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte and Platelet-to-Lymphocyte Ratios as Prognostic Inflammatory Biomarkers in Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), Hepatitis C Virus (HCV), and HIV/HCV Coinfection. Open Forum Infectious Diseases 2019, 6: ofz347. PMID: 31660334, PMCID: PMC6786514, DOI: 10.1093/ofid/ofz347.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchHuman immunodeficiency virusVACS Index 2.0Veterans Aging Cohort StudyAddition of NLRHepatic decompensationLymphocyte ratioHepatitis C virusInflammatory biomarkersImmunodeficiency virusHepatitis C virus statusHIV/HCV coinfectionC virus statusPrognostic inflammatory biomarkerSoluble CD-14Strong unadjusted associationsAging Cohort StudyBiomarkers of inflammationPoor health outcomesMortality risk indexHCV coinfectionAntiretroviral therapyCohort studyBiomarker cohortD-dimerPrognostic indexTumor subtype and other prognostic factors in breast cancer patients with brain metastases: The updated graded prognostic assessment (Breast-GPA).
Sperduto P, Mesko S, Cagney D, Nesbit E, Chan J, Lee J, Breen W, Shi D, Soliman H, Shanley R, Everett A, Masucci L, Remick J, Plichta K, Jain S, Wu C, Bryant J, Yu J, Nakano T, Mehta M. Tumor subtype and other prognostic factors in breast cancer patients with brain metastases: The updated graded prognostic assessment (Breast-GPA). Journal Of Clinical Oncology 2019, 37: 1079-1079. DOI: 10.1200/jco.2019.37.15_suppl.1079.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchBrain metastasesPrognostic factorsMedian survivalTumor subtypesBreast cancer patientsBreast-GPAExtracranial metastasesCohort ALuminal BLuminal AImproved survivalCancer patientsComplication of breast cancerKaplan-Meier survival estimatesBrain radiation therapyLog-rank testRadiation therapyBasal tumorsPrognostic indexCohort BFatal complicationRetrospective databaseTreatment patternsPrognostic assessmentBreast cancerA 3D quantitative imaging biomarker in pre-treatment MRI predicts overall survival after stereotactic radiation therapy of patients with a singular brain metastasis
Della Seta M, Collettini F, Chapiro J, Angelidis A, Engeling F, Hamm B, Kaul D. A 3D quantitative imaging biomarker in pre-treatment MRI predicts overall survival after stereotactic radiation therapy of patients with a singular brain metastasis. Acta Radiologica 2019, 60: 1496-1503. PMID: 30841703, DOI: 10.1177/0284185119831692.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsIntracranial progression-free survivalSingular brain metastasisStereotactic radiation therapyPre-treatment magnetic resonance imagingMagnetic resonance imagingBrain metastasesPrognostic factorsTumor volumeRadiation therapyCranial magnetic resonance imagingContrast-enhanced MRI scansMultivariable Cox regressionProgression-free survivalIntracranial malignant tumorPrediction of survivalOverall survivalMultivariable analysisPrognostic indexCox regressionRetrospective studyMalignant tumorsQuantitative imaging biomarkersMRI scansPatientsRadiomic biomarkersSurvival and prognostic factors in patients with gastrointestinal cancers and brain metastases: have we made progress?
Sperduto PW, Fang P, Li J, Breen W, Brown PD, Cagney D, Aizer A, Yu J, Chiang V, Jain S, Gaspar LE, Myrehaug S, Sahgal A, Braunstein S, Sneed P, Cameron B, Attia A, Molitoris J, Wu CC, Wang TJC, Lockney N, Beal K, Parkhurst J, Buatti JM, Shanley R, Lou E, Tandberg DD, Kirkpatrick JP, Shi D, Shih HA, Chuong M, Saito H, Aoyama H, Masucci L, Roberge D, Mehta MP. Survival and prognostic factors in patients with gastrointestinal cancers and brain metastases: have we made progress? Translational Research 2019, 208: 63-72. PMID: 30885538, PMCID: PMC6527460, DOI: 10.1016/j.trsl.2019.02.011.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsGI cancer patientsBrain metastasesGraded Prognostic AssessmentCancer patientsPrognostic factorsNew brain metastasesLarge contemporary cohortPrognosis of patientsLog-rank testMedian survival estimatesContemporary cohortPrognostic indexClinical parametersGastrointestinal cancerPrimary diagnosisPrognostic assessmentRetrospective IRBPatientsFirst treatmentDemographic dataSurvival estimatesCurrent cohortCohortTreatmentPrognosisA Prognostic Index to Identify the Risk of Developing Depression Symptoms Among U.S. Medical Students Derived From a National, Four-Year Longitudinal Study
Dyrbye LN, Wittlin NM, Hardeman RR, Yeazel M, Herrin J, Dovidio JF, Burke SE, Cunningham B, Phelan SM, Shanafelt TD, van Ryn M. A Prognostic Index to Identify the Risk of Developing Depression Symptoms Among U.S. Medical Students Derived From a National, Four-Year Longitudinal Study. Academic Medicine 2019, 94: 217-226. PMID: 30188367, DOI: 10.1097/acm.0000000000002437.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsRisk groupsBaseline depression symptomsPrognostic indexDepression symptomsIndependent prognostic factorHigh-risk groupLow-risk groupSocial supportPrimary prevention approachReplication datasetU.S. medical studentsBaseline factorsPrognostic factorsC-statisticOdds ratioMedical studentsMultivariate analysisSymptomsBaseline individualDepressionPrevention approachesLongitudinal studyMedical schoolsRiskDiscovery datasetPredicting the Risk of Huntington’s Disease with Multiple Longitudinal Biomarkers
Li F, Li K, Li C, Luo S, Group P. Predicting the Risk of Huntington’s Disease with Multiple Longitudinal Biomarkers. Journal Of Huntington's Disease 2019, 8: 323-332. PMID: 31256145, PMCID: PMC6718328, DOI: 10.3233/jhd-190345.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsEnroll-HDRisk of Huntington's diseasePREDICT-HDRisk of HDMultiple longitudinal markersTime to diagnosisHuntington's diseasePatient's risk categoryPrognostic indexPrognostic scorePrognostic modelHD diagnosisRisk predictionPublic health threatCox modelRisk categoriesLongitudinal measurementsHealth threatRiskLongitudinal biomarkersScoresBiomarker measurementsPatient selectionClinical trialsClinical biomarkers
2017
Prediction of new brain metastases after radiosurgery: validation and analysis of performance of a multi-institutional nomogram
Ayala-Peacock DN, Attia A, Braunstein SE, Ahluwalia MS, Hepel J, Chung C, Contessa J, McTyre E, Peiffer AM, Lucas JT, Isom S, Pajewski NM, Kotecha R, Stavas MJ, Page BR, Kleinberg L, Shen C, Taylor RB, Onyeuku NE, Hyde AT, Gorovets D, Chao ST, Corso C, Ruiz J, Watabe K, Tatter SB, Zadeh G, Chiang VLS, Fiveash JB, Chan MD. Prediction of new brain metastases after radiosurgery: validation and analysis of performance of a multi-institutional nomogram. Journal Of Neuro-Oncology 2017, 135: 403-411. PMID: 28828698, PMCID: PMC5667906, DOI: 10.1007/s11060-017-2588-4.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsDistant brain failureWhole brain radiotherapyNew brain metastasesBrain metastasesStereotactic radiosurgeryRisk of DBFEarly whole brain radiotherapyPrognostic modelUpfront whole brain radiotherapyMulti-institutional nomogramNumber of metastasesHigh-risk thresholdSRS monotherapyMargin doseBrain radiotherapyBrain failureContemporary cohortPrognostic indexMelanoma histologyRelative riskAcademic centersMetastasisPatientsValidation datasetAbsolute numberKi67 Proliferation Index as a Tool for Chemotherapy Decisions During and After Neoadjuvant Aromatase Inhibitor Treatment of Breast Cancer: Results From the American College of Surgeons Oncology Group Z1031 Trial (Alliance)
Ellis MJ, Suman VJ, Hoog J, Goncalves R, Sanati S, Creighton CJ, DeSchryver K, Crouch E, Brink A, Watson M, Luo J, Tao Y, Barnes M, Dowsett M, Budd GT, Winer E, Silverman P, Esserman L, Carey L, X. C, Unzeitig G, Pluard T, Whitworth P, Babiera G, Guenther JM, Dayao Z, Ota D, Leitch M, Olson JA, Allred DC, Hunt K. Ki67 Proliferation Index as a Tool for Chemotherapy Decisions During and After Neoadjuvant Aromatase Inhibitor Treatment of Breast Cancer: Results From the American College of Surgeons Oncology Group Z1031 Trial (Alliance). Journal Of Clinical Oncology 2017, 35: jco.2016.69.440. PMID: 28045625, PMCID: PMC5455353, DOI: 10.1200/jco.2016.69.4406.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAgedAnastrozoleAndrostadienesAntineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy ProtocolsAromatase InhibitorsBreast NeoplasmsClinical Decision-MakingFemaleFollow-Up StudiesHumansKi-67 AntigenLetrozoleMiddle AgedMitotic IndexNeoadjuvant TherapyNeoplasm MetastasisNeoplasm Recurrence, LocalNeoplasm StagingNitrilesPredictive Value of TestsPrognosisProportional Hazards ModelsReceptors, EstrogenReceptors, ProgesteroneSurvival RateTranscriptomeTriazolesConceptsPreoperative endocrine prognostic indexBreast cancerNeoadjuvant chemotherapyAmerican CollegeEstrogen receptor-positive primary breast cancerNeoadjuvant aromatase inhibitor therapyPathologic complete response rateER-positive breast cancerAromatase inhibitor therapyComplete response rateER-positive tumorsPrimary breast cancerRisk of relapseAromatase inhibitor treatmentKi67 proliferation indexEndocrine monotherapyNeoadjuvant AIsAI therapyPCR ratePostmenopausal womenInhibitor therapyCox modelingOptimal therapyPrognostic indexRelapse risk
2016
A Novel Prognostic Index for Ocular Adnexal Lymphoma
Meeks M, Park H, Yu J, Roberts K, Foss F, Wilson L. A Novel Prognostic Index for Ocular Adnexal Lymphoma. Blood 2016, 128: 3597. DOI: 10.1182/blood.v128.22.3597.3597.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchOcular adnexal lymphomaNovel prognostic indexOverall survivalIndolent histologiesPrognostic indexRelative survivalAdnexal lymphomaGroup IIGroup IGroup I. Group IEnd Results (SEER) databaseSuperior overall survivalCohort of patientsProportional hazards analysisKaplan-Meier estimatesLacrimal gland tumorsHeterogeneous patient populationLarge national databaseAggressive histologyDistant diseaseConjunctival tumorsHazard ratioPrognostic factorsRare malignancyIndependent predictors
2015
ACR Appropriateness Criteria® Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma
Dabaja BS, Advani R, Hodgson DC, Dhakal S, Flowers CR, Ha CS, Hoppe BS, Mendenhall NP, Metzger ML, Plastaras JP, Roberts KB, Shapiro R, Smith SM, Terezakis SA, Winkfield KM, Younes A, Constine LS. ACR Appropriateness Criteria® Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma. American Journal Of Clinical Oncology 2015, 38: 610-620. PMID: 26583344, DOI: 10.1097/coc.0000000000000215.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsDiffuse large B-cell lymphomaLarge B-cell lymphomaB-cell lymphomaAppropriateness CriteriaRole of radiationPositron emission tomography/Ann Arbor stagingAppropriateness of imagingDifferent chemotherapy regimensACR Appropriateness CriteriaRecent prospective studiesInternational Prognostic IndexRadiology Appropriateness CriteriaMultidisciplinary expert panelEvidence-based guidelinesEmission tomography/Specific clinical conditionsCurrent medical literatureChemotherapy regimensPeer-reviewed journalsInitial diagnosisPrognostic indexProspective studyRetrospective studyTomography/A functional genomic model for predicting prognosis in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis
Huang Y, Ma SF, Vij R, Oldham JM, Herazo-Maya J, Broderick SM, Strek ME, White SR, Hogarth DK, Sandbo NK, Lussier YA, Gibson KF, Kaminski N, Garcia JG, Noth I. A functional genomic model for predicting prognosis in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2015, 15: 147. PMID: 26589497, PMCID: PMC4654815, DOI: 10.1186/s12890-015-0142-8.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsIdiopathic pulmonary fibrosisPrognostic indexIPF patientsPulmonary fibrosisValidation cohortTraining cohortMultivariate Cox regression survival analysisPrognostic modelPeripheral blood mononuclear cellsUnivariate Cox regression analysisCox regression survival analysisLow-risk patientsWeighted gene co-expression network analysisCox regression analysisBlood mononuclear cellsCourse of diseaseIndependent validation cohortRegression survival analysisNovel prognostic modelPredictor genesT cell biologyT cell receptorCurrent prognostic toolsFunctional pathway analysisFold change
2014
Development and validation of a prognostic index for fracture risk in older men undergoing prostate cancer treatment.
Graham-Steed T, Soulos P, Dearing N, Concato J, Tinetti M, Gross C. Development and validation of a prognostic index for fracture risk in older men undergoing prostate cancer treatment. Journal Of Clinical Oncology 2014, 32: 5056-5056. DOI: 10.1200/jco.2014.32.15_suppl.5056.Peer-Reviewed Original Research
2013
Construction and Analysis of Multiparameter Prognostic Models for Melanoma Outcome
Rothberg BE, Rimm DL. Construction and Analysis of Multiparameter Prognostic Models for Melanoma Outcome. Methods In Molecular Biology 2013, 1102: 227-258. PMID: 24258982, PMCID: PMC3912557, DOI: 10.1007/978-1-62703-727-3_13.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsAdjuvant regimensNegative sentinel lymph node biopsyAdverse risk-benefit ratioPrognostic modelStage II melanoma patientsSentinel lymph node biopsyConventional clinicopathologic criteriaLymph node biopsyStage II melanomaMelanoma-specific survivalWide local excisionRisk-benefit ratioKi-67 assaysTumor molecular profilesComposite prognostic indicesMost patientsNode biopsyLocal excisionMelanoma patientsPrognostic indexRisk stratificationClinicopathologic criteriaMelanoma outcomesPrognostic biomarkerIndependent cohort
2011
Summary Report on the Graded Prognostic Assessment: An Accurate and Facile Diagnosis-Specific Tool to Estimate Survival for Patients With Brain Metastases
Sperduto PW, Kased N, Roberge D, Xu Z, Shanley R, Luo X, Sneed PK, Chao ST, Weil RJ, Suh J, Bhatt A, Jensen AW, Brown PD, Shih HA, Kirkpatrick J, Gaspar LE, Fiveash JB, Chiang V, Knisely JP, Sperduto CM, Lin N, Mehta M. Summary Report on the Graded Prognostic Assessment: An Accurate and Facile Diagnosis-Specific Tool to Estimate Survival for Patients With Brain Metastases. Journal Of Clinical Oncology 2011, 30: 419-425. PMID: 22203767, PMCID: PMC3269967, DOI: 10.1200/jco.2011.38.0527.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsGraded Prognostic AssessmentKarnofsky performance scoreBrain metastasesSignificant prognostic factorsPrognostic factorsPrognostic indexPrognostic assessmentMulti-institutional retrospective databasePerformance scoresPrognostic assessment indexOnly prognostic factorMedian survival timeRenal cell cancerSingle tumor typeExtracranial metastasesBetter prognosisCell cancerWorse prognosisGI cancersRetrospective databaseLung cancerClinical trialsAppropriate treatmentBreast cancerSurvival time
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