2024
Phase II Trial of Afatinib in Patients With EGFR-Mutated Solid Tumors Excluding Lung Cancer: Results From NCI-MATCH ECOG-ACRIN Trial (EAY131) Subprotocol A
Gettinger S, Song Z, Reckamp K, Moscow J, Gray R, Wang V, McShane L, Rubinstein L, Patton D, Williams P, Hamilton S, Kong X, Tricoli J, Conley B, Arteaga C, Harris L, O'Dwyer P, Chen A, Flaherty K. Phase II Trial of Afatinib in Patients With EGFR-Mutated Solid Tumors Excluding Lung Cancer: Results From NCI-MATCH ECOG-ACRIN Trial (EAY131) Subprotocol A. JCO Precision Oncology 2024, 8: e2300725. PMID: 38986051, DOI: 10.1200/po.23.00725.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsProgression-free survivalTyrosine kinase inhibitorsEGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitorsNCI-MATCHLung cancerGlioblastoma multiformeOverall survivalAdvanced non-small cell lung cancerNational Cancer Institute-Molecular AnalysisNon-small cell lung cancerEnd pointsTumor genomic testingTrial primary end pointPhase 2 trialPhase II trialSecondary end pointsPrimary end pointCell lung cancerCohort of patientsMedian OSStable diseaseAdenosquamous carcinomaProtocol therapyPartial responseArm ALifileucel, an Autologous Tumor-infiltrating Lymphocyte Monotherapy, in Patients with Advanced Non-small Cell Lung Cancer Resistant to Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors
Schoenfeld A, Lee S, de Speville B, Gettinger S, Hafliger S, Sukari A, Papa S, Rodriguez-Moreno J, Finckenstein F, Fiaz R, Catlett M, Chen G, Qi R, Masteller E, Gontcharova V, He K. Lifileucel, an Autologous Tumor-infiltrating Lymphocyte Monotherapy, in Patients with Advanced Non-small Cell Lung Cancer Resistant to Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors. Cancer Discovery 2024, 14: 1389-1402. PMID: 38563600, PMCID: PMC11294887, DOI: 10.1158/2159-8290.cd-23-1334.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMetastatic non-small cell lung cancerAdverse eventsResistance to immune checkpoint inhibitorsPD-L1-negative tumorsPhase 2 multicenter studyLow tumor mutational burdenTreatment-emergent adverse eventsNon-small cell lung cancerTime of data cutoffRefractory to prior therapyPD-L1-negativeImmune checkpoint inhibitorsResistance to immunotherapyTumor mutational burdenCell lung cancerMultiple organ failurePotential treatment optionCheckpoint inhibitorsPrior therapyData cutoffPatient diedSystemic therapyMutational burdenSTK11 mutationsCardiac failure
2023
First-Line Treatment of Driver-Negative Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer
Kim S, Gettinger S. First-Line Treatment of Driver-Negative Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer. Hematology/Oncology Clinics Of North America 2023, 37: 557-573. PMID: 37150586, DOI: 10.1016/j.hoc.2023.02.008.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsNon-small cell lung cancerCell lung cancerLung cancerAdvanced non-small cell lung cancerFirst-line settingFirst-line treatmentStandard of careCombination immunotherapyImmunotherapy monotherapyPD-L1Immunotherapy responseLine treatmentSmoking statusTreatment choiceTrial dataCancerImmunotherapyRegimensCliniciansTreatmentChemoimmunotherapyMonotherapyCareNCCN Guidelines® Insights: Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer, Version 2.2023.
Ettinger D, Wood D, Aisner D, Akerley W, Bauman J, Bharat A, Bruno D, Chang J, Chirieac L, DeCamp M, Dilling T, Dowell J, Durm G, Gettinger S, Grotz T, Gubens M, Hegde A, Lackner R, Lanuti M, Lin J, Loo B, Lovly C, Maldonado F, Massarelli E, Morgensztern D, Ng T, Otterson G, Patel S, Patil T, Polanco P, Riely G, Riess J, Schild S, Shapiro T, Singh A, Stevenson J, Tam A, Tanvetyanon T, Yanagawa J, Yang S, Yau E, Gregory K, Hughes M. NCCN Guidelines® Insights: Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer, Version 2.2023. Journal Of The National Comprehensive Cancer Network 2023, 21: 340-350. PMID: 37015337, DOI: 10.6004/jnccn.2023.0020.Peer-Reviewed Original Research
2022
2MO First-line (1L) nivolumab (NIVO) + ipilimumab (IPI) in metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (mNSCLC): Clinical outcomes and biomarker analyses from CheckMate 592
Gettinger S, Schenker M, De Langen J, Fischer J, Morgensztern D, Ciuleanu T, Beck T, De Castro Carpeno J, Schumann C, Yang X, Telivala B, Deschepper K, Nadal E, Schalper K, Spires T, Balli D, Nassar A, Karam S, Bhingare A, Spigel D. 2MO First-line (1L) nivolumab (NIVO) + ipilimumab (IPI) in metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (mNSCLC): Clinical outcomes and biomarker analyses from CheckMate 592. Immuno-Oncology Technology 2022, 16: 100107. DOI: 10.1016/j.iotech.2022.100107.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchNon-Small Cell Lung Cancer, Version 3.2022, NCCN Clinical Practice Guidelines in Oncology.
Ettinger DS, Wood DE, Aisner DL, Akerley W, Bauman JR, Bharat A, Bruno DS, Chang JY, Chirieac LR, D'Amico TA, DeCamp M, Dilling TJ, Dowell J, Gettinger S, Grotz TE, Gubens MA, Hegde A, Lackner RP, Lanuti M, Lin J, Loo BW, Lovly CM, Maldonado F, Massarelli E, Morgensztern D, Ng T, Otterson GA, Pacheco JM, Patel SP, Riely GJ, Riess J, Schild SE, Shapiro TA, Singh AP, Stevenson J, Tam A, Tanvetyanon T, Yanagawa J, Yang SC, Yau E, Gregory K, Hughes M. Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer, Version 3.2022, NCCN Clinical Practice Guidelines in Oncology. Journal Of The National Comprehensive Cancer Network 2022, 20: 497-530. PMID: 35545176, DOI: 10.6004/jnccn.2022.0025.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsNon-small cell lung cancerNCCN Clinical Practice GuidelinesCell lung cancerClinical practice guidelinesLung cancerPractice guidelinesMetastatic non-small cell lung cancerMetastatic lung cancerNCCN guidelinesPrimary treatmentTargeted therapyActionable mutationsPatientsCancerSubsequent treatmentTherapyOncologyTreatmentGuidelinesImmunotherapyRelapseDiagnosis29P Brigatinib (BRG) vs crizotinib (CRZ) in anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) tyrosine kinase inhibitor-naive ALK+ non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC): ALTA-1L final results
Tiseo M, Popat S, Kim H, Ahn M, Yang J, Han J, Hochmair M, Lee K, Delmonte A, Campelo M, Kim D, Griesinger F, Felip E, Califano R, Spira A, Gettinger S, Lin H, Liu Y, Vranceanu F, Camidge D. 29P Brigatinib (BRG) vs crizotinib (CRZ) in anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) tyrosine kinase inhibitor-naive ALK+ non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC): ALTA-1L final results. Annals Of Oncology 2022, 33: s44-s45. DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2022.02.038.Peer-Reviewed Original Research
2021
458 First phase 2 results of autologous tumor-infiltrating lymphocyte (TIL; LN-145) monotherapy in patients with advanced, immune checkpoint inhibitor-treated, non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC)
Schoenfeld A, Lee S, Paz-Ares L, Doger B, Gettinger S, Haefliger S, Orcurto A, Sukari A, Papa S, Rodriguez Moreno J, Finckenstein F, Jagasia M, Fiaz R, Sulur G, Chen G, Gontcharova V, He K. 458 First phase 2 results of autologous tumor-infiltrating lymphocyte (TIL; LN-145) monotherapy in patients with advanced, immune checkpoint inhibitor-treated, non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). 2021, a486-a487. DOI: 10.1136/jitc-2021-sitc2021.458.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchNon-small cell lung cancerImmune checkpoint inhibitorsAdvanced non-small cell lung cancerDurable responsesPrior linesSystemic therapyMetastatic non-small cell lung cancerFirst-line immune checkpoint inhibitorsPrior immune checkpoint inhibitorsT cell receptor repertoireExpected safety profileExploratory biomarker analysisPhase 2 multicenterObjective response rateOpen-label studyComplete metabolic responsePD-L1 expressionMajority of patientsCell lung cancerTCR repertoire analysisOncogene-directed therapyBest percentage changeInstitutional review boardWarrants further investigationInformed consent formImmune Therapy: What Can We Learn From Acquired Resistance?
Grant M, Politi K, Gettinger S. Immune Therapy: What Can We Learn From Acquired Resistance? Current Cancer Research 2021, 75-114. DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-74028-3_5.ChaptersNon-small cell lung cancerAdvanced non-small cell lung cancerDeath-1 pathway inhibitorsPD-1 axis inhibitorsInitial tumor regressionCell lung cancerImmune checkpoint pathwaysIFN-γ signalingMediators of resistanceDisease stabilitySystemic progressionMost patientsLocal therapyClinical criteriaLung cancerTumor regressionTumor typesDisease sitesPathway inhibitorAcquired ResistancePresentation defectPatientsTranslational workProgressionEpigenetic changesNivolumab Plus Ipilimumab vs Nivolumab for Previously Treated Patients With Stage IV Squamous Cell Lung Cancer
Gettinger SN, Redman MW, Bazhenova L, Hirsch FR, Mack PC, Schwartz LH, Bradley JD, Stinchcombe TE, Leighl NB, Ramalingam SS, Tavernier SS, Yu H, Unger JM, Minichiello K, Highleyman L, Papadimitrakopoulou VA, Kelly K, Gandara DR, Herbst RS. Nivolumab Plus Ipilimumab vs Nivolumab for Previously Treated Patients With Stage IV Squamous Cell Lung Cancer. JAMA Oncology 2021, 7: 1368-1377. PMID: 34264316, PMCID: PMC8283667, DOI: 10.1001/jamaoncol.2021.2209.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsNon-small cell lung cancerInvestigator-assessed progression-free survivalNivolumab/ipilimumabPlatinum-based chemotherapyCell lung cancerOverall survivalIpilimumab groupLung cancerClinical trialsDisease progressionStage IV squamous cell lung cancerAdvanced non-small cell lung cancerHigher treatment-related adverse eventsTreatment-related adverse eventsSquamous cell lung cancerNational Clinical Trials NetworkStandard platinum-based chemotherapyEnd pointAddition of ipilimumabIntolerable toxic effectsNivolumab Plus IpilimumabMedian response durationPrimary end pointSecondary end pointsProgression-free survivalA Phase I Study of APX005M and Cabiralizumab with or without Nivolumab in Patients with Melanoma, Kidney Cancer, or Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer Resistant to Anti-PD-1/PD-L1
Weiss SA, Djureinovic D, Jessel S, Krykbaeva I, Zhang L, Jilaveanu L, Ralabate A, Johnson B, Levit NS, Anderson G, Zelterman D, Wei W, Mahajan A, Trifan O, Bosenberg M, Kaech SM, Perry CJ, Damsky W, Gettinger S, Sznol M, Hurwitz M, Kluger HM. A Phase I Study of APX005M and Cabiralizumab with or without Nivolumab in Patients with Melanoma, Kidney Cancer, or Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer Resistant to Anti-PD-1/PD-L1. Clinical Cancer Research 2021, 27: 4757-4767. PMID: 34140403, PMCID: PMC9236708, DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-21-0903.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsAnti-PD-1/PD-L1Non-small cell lung cancerCell lung cancerRenal cell carcinomaPD-L1Lung cancerDisease progressionCommon treatment-related adverse eventsPD-1/PD-L1 inhibitorsTreatment-related adverse eventsPhase 2 doseSubstantial clinical challengeUnconfirmed partial responseDose-limiting toxicityPD-L1 inhibitorsPhase I trialDose-escalation designPro-inflammatory cytokinesMultiple tumor typesAsymptomatic elevationStable diseaseIntolerable toxicityAdverse eventsMedian durationPartial responseBrigatinib (BRG) in ALK+ crizotinib (CRZ)-refractory non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC): Final results of the phase 1/2 and phase 2 (ALTA) trials.
Gettinger S, Huber R, Kim D, Bazhenova L, Hansen K, Tiseo M, Langer C, Paz-Ares L, West H, Reckamp K, Weiss G, Smit E, Hochmair M, Kim S, Ahn M, Kim E, Groen H, Pye J, Vranceanu F, Camidge D. Brigatinib (BRG) in ALK+ crizotinib (CRZ)-refractory non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC): Final results of the phase 1/2 and phase 2 (ALTA) trials. Journal Of Clinical Oncology 2021, 39: 9071-9071. DOI: 10.1200/jco.2021.39.15_suppl.9071.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchNon-small cell lung cancerProgression-free survivalPhase 1/2 studyIndependent review committeeArm A/BPhase 2 trialOverall survivalPhase 1/2Arm AKaplan-MeierRefractory non-small cell lung cancerMetastatic non-small cell lung cancerHigher median progression-free survivalMedian progression-free survivalTreatment-emergent adverse eventsALK tyrosine kinase inhibitorsKinase inhibitorsBaseline brain metastasesObjective response rateOpen-label trialNew safety signalsCell lung cancerDuration of responseTreatment of patientsLong-term efficacyProlonged Complete Response of Early Stage Primary Adenocarcinoma of the Lung to Nivolumab Monotherapy.
Unlu S, Grant MJ, Gettinger S, Adeniran A, Kluger HM. Prolonged Complete Response of Early Stage Primary Adenocarcinoma of the Lung to Nivolumab Monotherapy. Clinical Oncology Case Reports 2021, 4 PMID: 34382032, PMCID: PMC8353529.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMultiple primary malignant tumorsNivolumab monotherapyCheckpoint inhibitorsLung cancerHigh Programmed-Death Ligand 1 (PD-L1) expressionProgrammed Death Ligand 1 ExpressionNon-small cell lung cancerMultiple regional lymph nodesImmune checkpoint inhibitorsPD-1 inhibitorsLigand 1 expressionPrimary lung cancerEarly-stage diseaseRegional lymph nodesCell lung cancerPrimary malignant tumorsHigh-risk natureSystemic immunotherapyDurable responsesAdvanced melanomaComplete responseEffective immunotherapyLymph nodesMore patientsPrimary adenocarcinomaFive-Year Outcomes From the Randomized, Phase III Trials CheckMate 017 and 057: Nivolumab Versus Docetaxel in Previously Treated Non–Small-Cell Lung Cancer
Borghaei H, Gettinger S, Vokes EE, Chow LQM, Burgio MA, de Castro Carpeno J, Pluzanski A, Arrieta O, Frontera OA, Chiari R, Butts C, Wójcik-Tomaszewska J, Coudert B, Garassino MC, Ready N, Felip E, García MA, Waterhouse D, Domine M, Barlesi F, Antonia S, Wohlleber M, Gerber DE, Czyzewicz G, Spigel DR, Crino L, Eberhardt WEE, Li A, Marimuthu S, Brahmer J. Five-Year Outcomes From the Randomized, Phase III Trials CheckMate 017 and 057: Nivolumab Versus Docetaxel in Previously Treated Non–Small-Cell Lung Cancer. Journal Of Clinical Oncology 2021, 39: 723-733. PMID: 33449799, PMCID: PMC8078445, DOI: 10.1200/jco.20.01605.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAdultAgedAged, 80 and overCarcinoma, Non-Small-Cell LungClinical Trials, Phase III as TopicDisease ProgressionDocetaxelFemaleHumansImmune Checkpoint InhibitorsImmunotherapyLung NeoplasmsMaleMiddle AgedNivolumabProgression-Free SurvivalRandomized Controlled Trials as TopicTime FactorsTubulin ModulatorsYoung AdultConceptsTreatment-related adverse eventsNivolumab-treated patientsProgression-free survivalPhase III trialsOverall survivalCheckMate 017Advanced NSCLCIII trialsOS ratesLung cancerGrade 4 treatment-related adverse eventsFirst-line platinum-based chemotherapyNon-small cell lung cancerRandomized phase III trialEnd pointDeath-1 inhibitorsDocetaxel-treated patientsExploratory landmark analysisPrimary end pointSecondary end pointsFive-year outcomesNew safety signalsPlatinum-based chemotherapyCell lung cancerECOG PS
2020
Biomarkers Associated with Beneficial PD-1 Checkpoint Blockade in Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC) Identified Using High-Plex Digital Spatial Profiling
Zugazagoitia J, Gupta S, Liu Y, Fuhrman K, Gettinger S, Herbst RS, Schalper KA, Rimm DL. Biomarkers Associated with Beneficial PD-1 Checkpoint Blockade in Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC) Identified Using High-Plex Digital Spatial Profiling. Clinical Cancer Research 2020, 26: 4360-4368. PMID: 32253229, PMCID: PMC7442721, DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-20-0175.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsNon-small cell lung cancerPD-1 checkpoint blockadeCell lung cancerCheckpoint blockadeLung cancerAdvanced non-small cell lung cancerUnivariate unadjusted analysisProgression-free survivalImmune cell countsMinority of patientsRobust predictive biomarkersBiomarkers of responseLarge independent cohortsSpatial profiling technologyDigital spatial profilingDigital spatial profiling (DSP) technologyOverall survivalClinical outcomesImmune predictorsHigher CD56NSCLC casesPredictive biomarkersUnadjusted analysesImmune parametersTissue microarrayBrigatinib Versus Crizotinib in Advanced ALK Inhibitor–Naive ALK-Positive Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer: Second Interim Analysis of the Phase III ALTA-1L Trial
Camidge DR, Kim HR, Ahn MJ, Yang JCH, Han JY, Hochmair MJ, Lee KH, Delmonte A, Campelo M, Kim DW, Griesinger F, Felip E, Califano R, Spira A, Gettinger SN, Tiseo M, Lin HM, Gupta N, Hanley MJ, Ni Q, Zhang P, Popat S. Brigatinib Versus Crizotinib in Advanced ALK Inhibitor–Naive ALK-Positive Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer: Second Interim Analysis of the Phase III ALTA-1L Trial. Journal Of Clinical Oncology 2020, 38: 3592-3603. PMID: 32780660, PMCID: PMC7605398, DOI: 10.1200/jco.20.00505.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsNon-small cell lung cancerALK-positive non-small cell lung cancerProgression-free survivalBlinded independent review committeeCell lung cancerInterim analysisLung cancerAdvanced ALK-positive non-small cell lung cancerGlobal health status/QoL scoreNext-generation anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) inhibitorPositive non-small cell lung cancerPredictors of PFSPromising first-line treatmentSecond prespecified interim analysisSuperior progression-free survivalPlasma concentration-time curveAnaplastic lymphoma kinase inhibitorsPrespecified interim analysisPrimary end pointSecond interim analysisFirst-line treatmentFirst interim analysisHealth-related qualityIndependent review committeePatient-reported outcomesPhase 1 Trial of Pembrolizumab Administered Concurrently With Chemoradiotherapy for Locally Advanced Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer
Jabbour SK, Berman AT, Decker RH, Lin Y, Feigenberg SJ, Gettinger SN, Aggarwal C, Langer CJ, Simone CB, Bradley JD, Aisner J, Malhotra J. Phase 1 Trial of Pembrolizumab Administered Concurrently With Chemoradiotherapy for Locally Advanced Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer. JAMA Oncology 2020, 6: 848-855. PMID: 32077891, PMCID: PMC7042914, DOI: 10.1001/jamaoncol.2019.6731.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAgedAged, 80 and overAntibodies, Monoclonal, HumanizedAntineoplastic Agents, ImmunologicalCarboplatinCarcinoma, Non-Small-Cell LungChemoradiotherapyFemaleHumansImmune Checkpoint InhibitorsLung NeoplasmsMaleMiddle AgedNeoplasm StagingPaclitaxelProgrammed Cell Death 1 ReceptorTreatment OutcomeConceptsNon-small cell lung cancerProgression-free survivalStage III non-small cell lung cancerMedian progression-free survivalDose of pembrolizumabSafety expansion cohortPD-1 inhibitionCell lung cancerExpansion cohortLung cancerDay 29Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status 0Advanced non-small cell lung cancerDay 1Cell death 1 (PD-1) inhibitionDeath ligand 1 (PD-L1) inhibitionDose-limiting toxic effectDeath-1 (PD-1) inhibitionDoses of pembrolizumabGrade 5 pneumonitisLeast grade 4Performance status 0PD-1 inhibitorsPhase 1 trialLeast grade 3Thermal ablation versus stereotactic body radiotherapy for stage I non-small cell lung cancer: A cost-effectiveness analysis.
Wu X, Uhlig J, Blasberg J, Gettinger S, Suh R, Solomon S, Kim K. Thermal ablation versus stereotactic body radiotherapy for stage I non-small cell lung cancer: A cost-effectiveness analysis. Journal Of Clinical Oncology 2020, 38: e21061-e21061. DOI: 10.1200/jco.2020.38.15_suppl.e21061.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchNon-small cell lung cancerStereotactic body radiotherapyIncremental cost-effectiveness ratioStage I non-small cell lung cancerOne-way sensitivity analysesCell lung cancerBody radiotherapyRecurrence riskLung cancerHealth benefitsStage I NSCLC patientsLong-term prospective trialsPerfect healthAnnual recurrence riskHealth care sector perspectiveShort-term complicationsSensitivity analysisLong-term surveillanceThermal ablationWeeks of lifeCost-effectiveness analysisCost-effectiveness ratioDeterministic sensitivity analysesMedicare billing dataMultiple sensitivity analyses
2019
NCCN Guidelines Insights: Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer, Version 1.2020.
Ettinger DS, Wood DE, Aggarwal C, Aisner DL, Akerley W, Bauman JR, Bharat A, Bruno DS, Chang JY, Chirieac LR, D'Amico TA, Dilling TJ, Dobelbower M, Gettinger S, Govindan R, Gubens MA, Hennon M, Horn L, Lackner RP, Lanuti M, Leal TA, Lin J, Loo BW, Martins RG, Otterson GA, Patel SP, Reckamp KL, Riely GJ, Schild SE, Shapiro TA, Stevenson J, Swanson SJ, Tauer KW, Yang SC, Gregory K, Hughes M. NCCN Guidelines Insights: Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer, Version 1.2020. Journal Of The National Comprehensive Cancer Network 2019, 17: 1464-1472. PMID: 31805526, DOI: 10.6004/jnccn.2019.0059.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchO.02 Long-term Survival Outcomes with Nivolumab (NIVO) in Pts with Previously Treated Advanced Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC): Impact of Early Disease Control and Response
Brahmer J, Horn L, Hossein B, Ramalingam S, Pluzanski A, Burgio M, Garassino M, Chow L, Gettinger S, Crino L, Planchard D, Butts C, Drilon A, Wojcik-Tomaszewska J, Otterson G, Agrawal S, Li A, Penrod J, Antonia S, Bautista Y. O.02 Long-term Survival Outcomes with Nivolumab (NIVO) in Pts with Previously Treated Advanced Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC): Impact of Early Disease Control and Response. Journal Of Thoracic Oncology 2019, 14: s1152-s1153. DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2019.09.089.Peer-Reviewed Original Research