Featured Publications
Single-cell epigenetic, transcriptional, and protein profiling of latent and active HIV-1 reservoir revealed that IKZF3 promotes HIV-1 persistence
Wei Y, Davenport T, Collora J, Ma H, Pinto-Santini D, Lama J, Alfaro R, Duerr A, Ho Y. Single-cell epigenetic, transcriptional, and protein profiling of latent and active HIV-1 reservoir revealed that IKZF3 promotes HIV-1 persistence. Immunity 2023, 56: 2584-2601.e7. PMID: 37922905, PMCID: PMC10843106, DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2023.10.002.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsTranscription factor accessibilityHIV-1-infected cellsFactor accessibilityHIV-1 persistenceHeterogeneous cellular statesEpigenetic programsCellular programsCellular statesLatent HIV-1-infected cellsProliferation programProtein profilingSuppressive antiretroviral therapyHIV-1 eradicationHIV-1 reservoirCell deathProtein statesHIV-1 RNAAP-1HIV-1 DNASurface proteinsMechanistic interrogationEpigeneticsAntiretroviral therapyMemory CD4Effector differentiationSingle-cell multiomics reveals persistence of HIV-1 in expanded cytotoxic T cell clones
Collora JA, Liu R, Pinto-Santini D, Ravindra N, Ganoza C, Lama JR, Alfaro R, Chiarella J, Spudich S, Mounzer K, Tebas P, Montaner LJ, van Dijk D, Duerr A, Ho YC. Single-cell multiomics reveals persistence of HIV-1 in expanded cytotoxic T cell clones. Immunity 2022, 55: 1013-1031.e7. PMID: 35320704, PMCID: PMC9203927, DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2022.03.004.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsHIV-1 eradicationHIV-1 RNAHIV-1Effector memory Th1 cellsHIV-1-infected individualsHIV-1-infected CD4Clonal expansionCell clonesMemory Th1 cellsCell clonal expansionPersistent antigenAntiretroviral therapyViral suppressionCytotoxic CD4Cytotoxic TTh1 cellsAntigen stimulationClonal expansion dynamicsUninfected individualsSurface protein expressionTNF responseUnstimulated conditionsTCR sequencesProtein expressionCD4Inhibition of a Chromatin and Transcription Modulator, SLTM, Increases HIV-1 Reactivation Identified by a CRISPR Inhibition Screen
Pedersen SF, Collora JA, Kim RN, Yang K, Razmi A, Catalano AA, Yeh YJ, Mounzer K, Tebas P, Montaner LJ, Ho YC. Inhibition of a Chromatin and Transcription Modulator, SLTM, Increases HIV-1 Reactivation Identified by a CRISPR Inhibition Screen. Journal Of Virology 2022, 96: e00577-22. PMID: 35730977, PMCID: PMC9278143, DOI: 10.1128/jvi.00577-22.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsHIV-1-infected cellsHIV-1 reactivationT cell clonesHIV-1HIV-1 protein expressionAntiretroviral therapyDrug treatmentProtein expressionInfected cellsInfected individualsHIV-1-infected individualsCell clonesEffective antiretroviral therapyHIV-1 cureLong-term therapyHIV-1 gene expressionHIV-1 persistenceHIV-1 provirusHIV-1 transcriptionImmune cell killingNovel therapeutic targetCell deathLatent reservoirImmune cellsT cellsFilgotinib suppresses HIV-1-driven gene transcription by inhibiting HIV-1 splicing and T cell activation
Yeh YJ, Jenike KM, Calvi RM, Chiarella J, Hoh R, Deeks SG, Ho YC. Filgotinib suppresses HIV-1-driven gene transcription by inhibiting HIV-1 splicing and T cell activation. Journal Of Clinical Investigation 2020, 130: 4969-4984. PMID: 32573496, PMCID: PMC7456222, DOI: 10.1172/jci137371.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsHIV-1 reactivationHIV-1-infected cellsT cell activationImmune activationHIV-1-induced immune activationCell activationHIV-1 RNA transcriptionHIV-1-infected individualsDrug screensEffective antiretroviral therapyHIV-1 transcriptionFilgotinib treatmentImmune exhaustionAntiretroviral therapyCell line modelsCancer-related gene expressionHIV-1 splicingViral antigensT cellsDrug treatmentHigh-throughput drug screensJAK inhibitorsFilgotinibDruggable targetsDrug candidatesSingle-cell transcriptional landscapes reveal HIV-1–driven aberrant host gene transcription as a potential therapeutic target
Liu R, Yeh YJ, Varabyou A, Collora JA, Sherrill-Mix S, Talbot CC, Mehta S, Albrecht K, Hao H, Zhang H, Pollack RA, Beg SA, Calvi RM, Hu J, Durand CM, Ambinder RF, Hoh R, Deeks SG, Chiarella J, Spudich S, Douek DC, Bushman FD, Pertea M, Ho YC. Single-cell transcriptional landscapes reveal HIV-1–driven aberrant host gene transcription as a potential therapeutic target. Science Translational Medicine 2020, 12 PMID: 32404504, PMCID: PMC7453882, DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.aaz0802.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsHost gene transcriptionGene transcriptionLong terminal repeatHIV-1 reactivationCellular factorsIntegration sitesNonsense-mediated RNA decaySingle-cell transcriptional landscapePotential therapeutic targetSingle-cell transcriptome analysisHIV-1-host interactionsHIV-1HIV-1 promoterTherapeutic targetHIV-1 5' long terminal repeatRNA decayTranscriptional landscapeHIV-1-infected individualsHIV-1-infected cellsTranscriptome analysisAberrant transcriptionRNA transcriptionHost RNACellular survivalTranscription pathway
2023
Single-cell multiomic understanding of HIV-1 reservoir at epigenetic, transcriptional, and protein levels
Wong M, Wei Y, Ho Y. Single-cell multiomic understanding of HIV-1 reservoir at epigenetic, transcriptional, and protein levels. Current Opinion In HIV And AIDS 2023, 18: 246-256. PMID: 37535039, PMCID: PMC10442869, DOI: 10.1097/coh.0000000000000809.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsSurface protein expressionMultiomics approachATAC-seqProtein expressionTranscription factor activityProtein levelsRNA mappingRNA-seqBioinformatics analysisHIV-1-infected cellsFalse positive discoveriesBiological insightsBulk transcriptomeFactor activityDNA amplificationExpressionCellsTranscriptomeTherapeutic strategiesEpigeneticsDiscoveryDNA PCRRNADNAHIV-1
2022
Interferon opens up: HIV-induced inflammation reconfigures 3D chromatin conformation and affects where HIV integrates
Wei Y, Ho Y. Interferon opens up: HIV-induced inflammation reconfigures 3D chromatin conformation and affects where HIV integrates. Molecular Cell 2022, 82: 4585-4587. PMID: 36525953, PMCID: PMC9925257, DOI: 10.1016/j.molcel.2022.11.013.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchThe loud minority: Transcriptionally active HIV-1-infected cells survive, proliferate, and persist
Collora JA, Ho YC. The loud minority: Transcriptionally active HIV-1-infected cells survive, proliferate, and persist. Cell 2022, 185: 227-229. PMID: 35063069, PMCID: PMC9195179, DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2021.12.038.Peer-Reviewed Original Research
2021
A multidimensional HIV-1 persistence model for clonal expansion and viral rebound in vitro
Eshetu A, Ho YC. A multidimensional HIV-1 persistence model for clonal expansion and viral rebound in vitro. Cell Reports Methods 2021, 1: 100134. PMID: 35475216, PMCID: PMC9017154, DOI: 10.1016/j.crmeth.2021.100134.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchThe Clonal Expansion Dynamics of the HIV-1 Reservoir: Mechanisms of Integration Site-Dependent Proliferation and HIV-1 Persistence
Yeh YJ, Yang K, Razmi A, Ho YC. The Clonal Expansion Dynamics of the HIV-1 Reservoir: Mechanisms of Integration Site-Dependent Proliferation and HIV-1 Persistence. Viruses 2021, 13: 1858. PMID: 34578439, PMCID: PMC8473165, DOI: 10.3390/v13091858.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsHIV-1-infected cellsHIV-1 latent reservoirAntiretroviral therapyHIV-1Cancer-related gene expressionHIV-1 promoterHIV-1 integration sitesLatent reservoirClonal expansionClonal expansion dynamicsCancer-related genesLong-term suppressive antiretroviral therapyHIV-1 promoter activitySuppressive antiretroviral therapyLow-level viremiaHIV-1 reservoirHIV-1 persistenceHIV-1 transcriptionCertain cancer-related genesViral reboundGene expressionRare caseLoss of functionTherapeutic agentsTumor suppressor geneMeasuring the size and decay dynamics of the HIV-1 latent reservoir
Liu R, Catalano AA, Ho YC. Measuring the size and decay dynamics of the HIV-1 latent reservoir. Cell Reports Medicine 2021, 2: 100249. PMID: 33948579, PMCID: PMC8080242, DOI: 10.1016/j.xcrm.2021.100249.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsHIV-1 latent reservoirShock-and-kill versus block-and-lock: Targeting the fluctuating and heterogeneous HIV-1 gene expression
Yeh YJ, Ho YC. Shock-and-kill versus block-and-lock: Targeting the fluctuating and heterogeneous HIV-1 gene expression. Proceedings Of The National Academy Of Sciences Of The United States Of America 2021, 118: e2103692118. PMID: 33758027, PMCID: PMC8072369, DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2103692118.Peer-Reviewed Original Research
2020
The single-cell landscape of immunological responses of CD4+ T cells in HIV versus severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2.
Collora JA, Liu R, Albrecht K, Ho YC. The single-cell landscape of immunological responses of CD4+ T cells in HIV versus severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2. Current Opinion In HIV And AIDS 2020, 16: 36-47. PMID: 33165008, PMCID: PMC8162470, DOI: 10.1097/coh.0000000000000655.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsHIV-1 infectionSARS-CoV-2 infectionCD4 T cellsT cellsLymphoid tissueHIV-1SARS-CoV-2-specific CD4 T cellsAcute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infectionHIV-1-specific CD4 T cellsSevere acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infectionSevere SARS-CoV-2 infectionSevere acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2CD4 T-cell depletionSyndrome coronavirus 2 infectionAcute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2CD4 T-cell lossFollicular helper T cellsHIV-1-infected cellsRespiratory syndrome coronavirus 2Coronavirus 2 infectionCytokine release syndromeT cell lossT-cell depletionHIV-1 reservoirProtective antibody responsesRecommendations for measuring HIV reservoir size in cure-directed clinical trials
Abdel-Mohsen M, Richman D, Siliciano RF, Nussenzweig MC, Howell BJ, Martinez-Picado J, Chomont N, Bar KJ, Yu XG, Lichterfeld M, Alcami J, Hazuda D, Bushman F, Siliciano JD, Betts MR, Spivak AM, Planelles V, Hahn BH, Smith DM, Ho YC, Buzon MJ, Gaebler C, Paiardini M, Li Q, Estes JD, Hope TJ, Kostman J, Mounzer K, Caskey M, Fox L, Frank I, Riley JL, Tebas P, Montaner LJ. Recommendations for measuring HIV reservoir size in cure-directed clinical trials. Nature Medicine 2020, 26: 1339-1350. PMID: 32895573, PMCID: PMC7703694, DOI: 10.1038/s41591-020-1022-1.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchSARS-CoV-2: A Storm is Raging
Pedersen SF, Ho YC. SARS-CoV-2: A Storm is Raging. Journal Of Clinical Investigation 2020, 130: 2202-2205. PMID: 32217834, PMCID: PMC7190904, DOI: 10.1172/jci137647.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsSevere COVID-19Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2Acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2COVID-19Respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2Syndrome coronavirus 2IFN-γ expressionCoronavirus infectious diseaseCytokine levelsCytokine stormRespiratory distressCoronavirus 2Immune therapeuticsUnfavorable outcomeT cellsImmunological characteristicsVaccine designInfectious diseasesLymphopeniaCD4AdmissionDiseaseThe forces driving clonal expansion of the HIV-1 latent reservoir
Liu R, Simonetti FR, Ho YC. The forces driving clonal expansion of the HIV-1 latent reservoir. Virology Journal 2020, 17: 4. PMID: 31910871, PMCID: PMC6947923, DOI: 10.1186/s12985-019-1276-8.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsHIV-1-infected cellsHIV-1 latent reservoirLatent reservoirAntiretroviral therapyClonal expansionViral reboundHomeostatic proliferationAntigen-specific CD4HIV-1 eradicationHIV-1 replicationT cell functionHIV-1 provirusCertain cancer-related genesCytokine profileAntigen exposureViral loadExhaustion phenotypeLymphoid tissueT cellsClonal expansion dynamicsImmune clearanceCancer-related genesViral expressionCell functionUndetectable levels
2017
Defective HIV-1 Proviruses Are Expressed and Can Be Recognized by Cytotoxic T Lymphocytes, which Shape the Proviral Landscape
Pollack RA, Jones RB, Pertea M, Bruner KM, Martin AR, Thomas AS, Capoferri AA, Beg SA, Huang SH, Karandish S, Hao H, Halper-Stromberg E, Yong PC, Kovacs C, Benko E, Siliciano RF, Ho YC. Defective HIV-1 Proviruses Are Expressed and Can Be Recognized by Cytotoxic T Lymphocytes, which Shape the Proviral Landscape. Cell Host & Microbe 2017, 21: 494-506.e4. PMID: 28407485, PMCID: PMC5433942, DOI: 10.1016/j.chom.2017.03.008.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsCytotoxic T lymphocytesHIV-1 provirusT lymphocytesHIV-1-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytesDefective provirusesHIV-1-infected individualsDefective HIV-1 provirusesHIV-1 latency reversalMajor splice donorHIV-1 transcriptsAntiretroviral therapyMemory CD4Latency reversalCTL epitopesHIV-1Proviral landscapeLymphocytesProvirusCellsNovel splice siteAberrant translationCD4Therapy
2009
Disseminated Cryptococcus neoformans var. grubii infections in intensive care units
CHUANG Y, KU SC, LIAW SJ, WU SC, HO YC, YU CJ, HSUEH PR. Disseminated Cryptococcus neoformans var. grubii infections in intensive care units. Epidemiology And Infection 2009, 138: 1036-1043. PMID: 19796452, DOI: 10.1017/s0950268809990926.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsIntensive care unitICU admissionHIV infectionCare unitMortality rateChronic Health Evaluation II scoreLower white blood cell countGood long-term prognosisMultivariate Cox regression modelWhite blood cell countICU mortality rateMean Acute PhysiologicFrequent underlying diseasesLong-term prognosisCox regression modelBlood cell countSite of infectionCryptococcus neoformans varAcute PhysiologicICU stayCryptococcal infectionICU survivalII scoreClinical characteristicsUnderlying disease
2007
Disseminated cryptococcosis in HIV-uninfected patients
Chuang Y, Ho Y, Chang H, Yu C, Yang P, Hsueh P. Disseminated cryptococcosis in HIV-uninfected patients. European Journal Of Clinical Microbiology & Infectious Diseases 2007, 27: 307-310. PMID: 18157678, DOI: 10.1007/s10096-007-0430-1.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsDisseminated cryptococcosisLiver cirrhosisChronic Health Evaluation II scoreHuman immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infectionHigher Acute PhysiologyImmunodeficiency virus infectionOne-month outcomeDiagnosis of cryptococcosisHigh mortality rateAcute PhysiologyII scoreMedian survivalSmoking historyDiabetes mellitusRetrospective reviewAutoimmune diseasesUnderlying conditionFemale genderVirus infectionMortality ratePatientsCryptococcosisFirst monthCryptococcus neoformansDescriptive study
2001
Isolation and Characterization of a Vibrio vulnificus Mutant Deficient in Both Extracellular Metalloprotease and Cytolysin
Fan J, Shao C, Ho Y, Yu C, Hor L. Isolation and Characterization of a Vibrio vulnificus Mutant Deficient in Both Extracellular Metalloprotease and Cytolysin. Infection And Immunity 2001, 69: 5943-5948. PMID: 11500479, PMCID: PMC98719, DOI: 10.1128/iai.69.9.5943-5948.2001.Peer-Reviewed Original Research