Featured Publications
Orbital and Periorbital Dysmorphology in Untreated Pfeiffer Syndrome
Lu X, Forte AJ, Allam O, Park KE, Wilson A, Alperovich M, Steinbacher DM, Tonello C, Alonso N, Persing JA. Orbital and Periorbital Dysmorphology in Untreated Pfeiffer Syndrome. Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery 2022, 149: 731e-742e. PMID: 35171849, DOI: 10.1097/prs.0000000000008928.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsPfeiffer syndrome patientsMonths of ageOrbital cavity volumeSyndrome patientsPfeiffer patientsSphenoid boneGlobe volumeAnterior positioningCLINICAL QUESTION/LEVELNormal control subjectsYears of ageSoft tissue volumeControl subjectsSignificant hypoplasiaPatientsBone volumePfeiffer syndromeVisual impairmentBony orbitAnteroposterior lengthMaxillaVolumetric analysisAgeMonthsMaterialise softwareRespective Roles of Craniosynostosis and Syndromic Influences on Cranial Fossa Development
Lu X, Forte AJ, Wilson AT, Park KE, Allam O, Alperovich M, Steinbacher DM, Alonso N, Persing JA. Respective Roles of Craniosynostosis and Syndromic Influences on Cranial Fossa Development. Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery 2021, 148: 145-156. PMID: 34181610, DOI: 10.1097/prs.0000000000008101.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchAirway Growth in Preoperative Patients with Crouzon Syndrome
Lu X, Forte AJ, Park KE, Allam O, Smetona J, Alperovich M, Steinbacher DM, Tonello C, Alonso N, Persing JA. Airway Growth in Preoperative Patients with Crouzon Syndrome. Facial Plastic Surgery & Aesthetic Medicine 2021, 23: 191-197. PMID: 33577380, DOI: 10.1089/fpsam.2020.0441.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsYears of ageNasal airway volumeAirway volumeCrouzon syndromePharyngeal airwayCross-sectional areaAirway cross-sectional areaObstructive sleep apneaMonths of agePreoperative patientsSleep apneaMaximal constrictionAirway developmentAirway growthTomography scanAge subgroupsCT scanPatientsSyndromeCrouzon patientsNatural historyAgeNormal dimensionsAirwayMaterialise softwareNasopharyngeal airway and subcranial space analysis in Pfeiffer syndrome
Lu X, Forte A, Allam O, Park K, Junn A, Alperovich M, Steinbacher D, Tonello C, Alonso N, Persing J. Nasopharyngeal airway and subcranial space analysis in Pfeiffer syndrome. British Journal Of Oral And Maxillofacial Surgery 2020, 59: 592-598. PMID: 33863588, DOI: 10.1016/j.bjoms.2020.10.008.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsAirway volumeNasal airwayPfeiffer syndromeNasopharyngeal airwayPharyngeal airwayComputed tomogramsCross-sectional areaPharyngeal airway volumeNasal airway volumePreoperative computed tomogramsMaxillomandibular advancementRespiratory crisisSurgical treatmentUpper airwayChoanal stenosisAirwayPatientsNasal pathwayMaxillary expansionRegional abnormalitiesSyndromeAnteroposterior dimensionAnatomical basisAnteroposterior lengthPosterior widthMorphological Basis for Airway Surgical Intervention in Apert Syndrome
Lu X, Forte AJ, Park KE, Allam O, Alperovich M, Steinbacher DM, Tonello C, Alonso N, Persing JA. Morphological Basis for Airway Surgical Intervention in Apert Syndrome. Annals Of Plastic Surgery 2020, 87: 59-64. PMID: 34133365, DOI: 10.1097/sap.0000000000002601.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsApert syndrome patientsPharyngeal airway volumeComputed tomography scanSyndrome patientsApert syndromeAirway volumeSurgical interventionTomography scanNasal cavityPreoperative computed tomography scansAirway volume changesAge-related subgroupsYears of ageMonths of agePosition of maxillaGrowth of mandibleAirway compromiseNasopharyngeal airwayPharyngeal airwayNasal airwayIntergonial widthSyndromeAirwayPatientsAnteroposterior lengthClassification of Subtypes of Crouzon Syndrome Based on the Type of Vault Suture Synostosis.
Lu X, Sawh-Martinez R, Forte AJ, Wu R, Cabrejo R, Wilson A, Steinbacher DM, Alperovich M, Alonso N, Persing JA. Classification of Subtypes of Crouzon Syndrome Based on the Type of Vault Suture Synostosis. Journal Of Craniofacial Surgery 2020, 31: 678-684. PMID: 32068731, DOI: 10.1097/scs.0000000000006173.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsClass IIICrouzon syndromeClass IClass IISuture involvementSuture synostosisSimilar craniofacial characteristicsComputed tomography scanClassification of subtypesSurgical interventionMorphology of patientsAnatomic deformityTomography scanSurgical techniqueCT scanDifferent subtypesSagittal synostosisSyndromeClass IVPremature closureCraniofacial characteristicsSevere craniofacial malformationsCranial base lengthSynostosisDifferent pathologies
2021
Cephalocranial Disproportionate Fossa Volume and Normal Skull Base Angle in Pfeiffer Syndrome.
Lu X, Forte AJ, Allam O, Park KE, Alperovich M, Steinbacher DM, Tonello C, Alonso N, Persing JA. Cephalocranial Disproportionate Fossa Volume and Normal Skull Base Angle in Pfeiffer Syndrome. Journal Of Craniofacial Surgery 2021, 32: 581-586. PMID: 33704985, DOI: 10.1097/scs.0000000000007203.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsPfeiffer syndrome patientsMiddle cranial fossaCranial fossaSyndrome patientsFossa volumePfeiffer patientsSurgical interventionSuture synostosisPfeiffer syndromePreoperative CT scanPosterior cranial fossa volumeAnterior cranial fossaSkull base developmentSkull base angleClinical manifestationsCraniosynostosis disordersCT scanPosterior fossaNormal controlsAnatomic basisAnterior fossaPatientsSquamosal synostosisStructural abnormalitiesSubgroup comparisons
2020
Umbilical Reconstruction Techniques: A Literature Review
Sisti A, Huayllani MT, Boczar D, Restrepo DJ, Cinotto G, Lu X, Cuomo R, Grimaldi L, Nisi G, Forte AJ. Umbilical Reconstruction Techniques: A Literature Review. Aesthetic Plastic Surgery 2020, 45: 1078-1096. PMID: 33098045, DOI: 10.1007/s00266-020-01989-4.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchWhat Is the Difference in Cranial Base Morphology in Isolated and Syndromic Bicoronal Synostosis?
Lu X, Forte AJ, Wilson AT, Park KE, Allam O, Mozaffari MA, Alperovich M, Steinbacher DM, Alonso N, Persing JA. What Is the Difference in Cranial Base Morphology in Isolated and Syndromic Bicoronal Synostosis? Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery 2020, 146: 599-610. PMID: 32842109, DOI: 10.1097/prs.0000000000007068.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchCranial Fossa Volume and Morphology Development in Apert Syndrome.
Lu X, Forte AJ, Wilson A, Steinbacher DM, Alperovich M, Alonso N, Persing JA. Cranial Fossa Volume and Morphology Development in Apert Syndrome. Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery 2020, 145: 790e-802e. PMID: 32221226, DOI: 10.1097/prs.0000000000006679.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchNational Analysis of Patients With Ulcerated Melanoma in the United States
Boczar D, Sisti A, Restrepo DJ, Huayllani MT, Manrique OJ, Lu X, Spaulding AC, Bagaria SP, Parker AS, Forte AJ. National Analysis of Patients With Ulcerated Melanoma in the United States. Anticancer Research 2020, 40: 1055-1058. PMID: 32014953, DOI: 10.21873/anticanres.14042.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsUlcerated melanomaNational Cancer DatabaseNon-white patientsNon-white raceZip codesYears of agePatient disparitiesPatient demographicsMelanoma patientsTumor characteristicsMale sexUnfavorable prognosisCancer DatabaseHigher oddsLower oddsPatientsMelanomaUlcerationFacility characteristicsLower educationOddsLow incomeEducation levelUrban countiesPresent studySMAD6 Genotype Predicts Neurodevelopment in Nonsyndromic Craniosynostosis.
Wu RT, Timberlake AT, Abraham PF, Gabrick KS, Lu X, Peck CJ, Sawh-Martinez RF, Steinbacher DM, Alperovich MA, Persing JA. SMAD6 Genotype Predicts Neurodevelopment in Nonsyndromic Craniosynostosis. Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery 2020, 145: 117e-125e. PMID: 31592950, DOI: 10.1097/prs.0000000000006319.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsCase-Control StudiesChildChild BehaviorChild DevelopmentChild, PreschoolCraniosynostosesCraniotomyDevelopmental DisabilitiesDouble-Blind MethodFemaleFollow-Up StudiesHumansInfantIntelligence TestsLoss of Function MutationMalePlastic Surgery ProceduresProspective StudiesSkullSmad6 ProteinTreatment Outcome
2019
What Is the Skull Structure Influence of Squamosal Suture Synostosis in Nonsyndromic and Syndromic Crouzon Craniosynostosis?
Lu X, Chen G, Forte AJ, Cabrejo R, Singh A, Kyle G, Steinbacher DM, Alperovich M, Alonso N, Persing JA. What Is the Skull Structure Influence of Squamosal Suture Synostosis in Nonsyndromic and Syndromic Crouzon Craniosynostosis? Journal Of Craniofacial Surgery 2019, 30: 1671-1675. PMID: 30950948, DOI: 10.1097/scs.0000000000005396.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsMiddle cranial fossaAnterior cranial fossaCranial fossaPosterior cranial fossaSquamosal synostosisFossa volumeCrouzon syndromeSquamosal suture synostosisComputed tomography scanCranial volumeNonsyndromic craniosynostosis patientsVolume reductionSevere volume reductionTomography scanNormal controlsMorphologic effectsCraniosynostosis patientsFossaPremature closureSyndromic conditionsSuture synostosisSyndromic synostosisFrankfort horizontal planeSynostosisThree-dimensional cephalometryAirway Analysis in Apert Syndrome.
Forte AJ, Lu X, Hashim PW, Steinbacher DM, Alperovich M, Persing JA, Alonso N. Airway Analysis in Apert Syndrome. Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery 2019, 144: 704-709. PMID: 31461034, DOI: 10.1097/prs.0000000000005937.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsPosterior nasal spineApert syndromeNasal spineTomographic scanPharyngeal airway volumeRespiratory insufficiencyAirway compromiseAirway volumeAirway spaceRespiratory impairmentClinical managementAirway analysisPosterior airwayNasal cavityDisease comorbiditiesPatientsSyndromeSkull baseNasal measurementsSpine distanceStatistical significanceMidfacial deformitiesSpineAirwayPharyngeal regionAssociation of Regional Cranial Base Deformity and Ultimate Structure in Crouzon Syndrome.
Lu X, Jorge Forte A, Sawh-Martinez R, Wu R, Cabrejo R, Steinbacher DM, Alperovich M, Alonso N, Persing JA. Association of Regional Cranial Base Deformity and Ultimate Structure in Crouzon Syndrome. Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery 2019, 143: 1233e-1243e. PMID: 31136487, DOI: 10.1097/prs.0000000000005643.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchAnalysis of Airway and Midface in Crouzon Syndromes
Forte AJ, Lu X, Hashim PW, Steinbacher DM, Alperovich M, Persing JA, Alonso N. Analysis of Airway and Midface in Crouzon Syndromes. Annals Of Plastic Surgery 2019, Publish Ahead of Print: &na;. PMID: 30633021, DOI: 10.1097/sap.0000000000001740.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsPharyngeal airway volumeComputed tomography scanAirway volumeControl subjectsTomography scanCrouzon syndromeAge-matched control subjectsAnalysis of airwaysSevere respiratory impairmentNasal airway volumePosterior pharyngeal wallEarly mixed dentitionCrouzon groupSurgical interventionRespiratory impairmentUpper airwaySoft tissue measurementsPharyngeal wallPosterior tongueMixed dentitionAirwayPatientsSyndromeVolumetric assessmentT-testMandibular Spatial Reorientation and Morphological Alteration of Crouzon and Apert Syndrome.
Lu X, Sawh-Martinez R, Forte AJ, Wu R, Cabrejo R, Wilson A, Steinbacher DM, Alperovich M, Alonso N, Persing JA. Mandibular Spatial Reorientation and Morphological Alteration of Crouzon and Apert Syndrome. Annals Of Plastic Surgery 2019, 83: 568-582. PMID: 31008788, DOI: 10.1097/sap.0000000000001811.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchSpatial and temporal changes of midface in Apert’s syndrome
Lu X, Forte AJ, Sawh-Martinez R, Wu R, Cabrejo R, Wilson A, Steinbacher DM, Alperovich M, Alonso N, Persing JA. Spatial and temporal changes of midface in Apert’s syndrome. Journal Of Plastic Surgery And Hand Surgery 2019, 53: 130-137. PMID: 30782083, DOI: 10.1080/2000656x.2018.1541324.Peer-Reviewed Original Research
2018
A Decade's Experience
Lu X, Wang H, You J, Zhang B, Xu Y, Zheng R, Tian L, Fan F. A Decade's Experience. Journal Of Craniofacial Surgery 2018, 29: 2032-2037. PMID: 29927821, DOI: 10.1097/scs.0000000000004695.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchOrbit, zygoma, and maxilla growth patterns in Crouzon syndrome
Lu X, Forte AJ, Sawh-Martinez R, Wu R, Cabrejo R, Steinbacher DM, Alperovich M, Alonso N, Persing JA. Orbit, zygoma, and maxilla growth patterns in Crouzon syndrome. International Journal Of Oral And Maxillofacial Surgery 2018, 48: 309-321. PMID: 30389113, DOI: 10.1016/j.ijom.2018.10.013.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsCrouzon syndromeCT scanAnteroposterior lengthWidth of maxillaPreoperative CT scanMonths-2 yearsMonths of agePrincipal deformityControl subjectsGlobe projectionAge subgroupsMaxillary wideningSecondary deformitiesOrbital wallAnterior protrusionSyndromeFacial malformationsMonthsDeformityAnteroposterior positionZygomatic regionCranial baseZygomaMalformationsMaterialise software