Featured Publications
Respective Roles of Craniosynostosis and Syndromic Influences on Cranial Fossa Development
Lu X, Forte AJ, Wilson AT, Park KE, Allam O, Alperovich M, Steinbacher DM, Alonso N, Persing JA. Respective Roles of Craniosynostosis and Syndromic Influences on Cranial Fossa Development. Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery 2021, 148: 145-156. PMID: 34181610, DOI: 10.1097/prs.0000000000008101.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchAirway Growth in Preoperative Patients with Crouzon Syndrome
Lu X, Forte AJ, Park KE, Allam O, Smetona J, Alperovich M, Steinbacher DM, Tonello C, Alonso N, Persing JA. Airway Growth in Preoperative Patients with Crouzon Syndrome. Facial Plastic Surgery & Aesthetic Medicine 2021, 23: 191-197. PMID: 33577380, DOI: 10.1089/fpsam.2020.0441.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsYears of ageNasal airway volumeAirway volumeCrouzon syndromePharyngeal airwayCross-sectional areaAirway cross-sectional areaObstructive sleep apneaMonths of agePreoperative patientsSleep apneaMaximal constrictionAirway developmentAirway growthTomography scanAge subgroupsCT scanPatientsSyndromeCrouzon patientsNatural historyAgeNormal dimensionsAirwayMaterialise softwareGrowth patterns of the airway in Crouzon syndrome patients with different types of cranial vault suture synostosis
Lu X, Forte AJ, Wilson A, Park KE, Allam O, Alperovich M, Steinbacher DM, Tonello C, Alonso N, Persing JA. Growth patterns of the airway in Crouzon syndrome patients with different types of cranial vault suture synostosis. International Journal Of Oral And Maxillofacial Surgery 2020, 50: 924-932. PMID: 33384236, DOI: 10.1016/j.ijom.2020.11.023.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsCranial SuturesCraniofacial DysostosisCraniosynostosesFacial BonesHumansInfantSuturesTomography, X-Ray ComputedConceptsAirway volumeCrouzon syndrome patientsYears of ageNasal airwaySyndrome patientsCrouzon patientsPharyngeal airwayCrouzon syndromeSuture synostosisNasopharyngeal airway volumePharyngeal airway volumeNasal airway volumeType IComputed tomography scanType IIIBilateral coronal synostosisAirway compromiseRespiratory difficultyControl subjectsTomography scanAirwayPatientsPharyngeal volumeSagittal synostosisCoronal synostosisRacial disparity in orbital morphology and spatial relations in unoperated Crouzon patients
Lu X, Forte A, Fan F, Zhang Z, Teng L, Yang B, Alperovich M, Steinbacher D, Alonso N, Persing J. Racial disparity in orbital morphology and spatial relations in unoperated Crouzon patients. British Journal Of Oral And Maxillofacial Surgery 2020, 59: 579-585. PMID: 33581885, DOI: 10.1016/j.bjoms.2020.10.001.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchCephalometryCraniofacial DysostosisCraniosynostosesEsthetics, DentalHumansOrbitTomography, X-Ray ComputedCranial Fossa Development in Differing Subtypes of Crouzon Syndrome.
Lu X, Forte AJ, Steinbacher DM, Alperovich M, Alonso N, Persing JA. Cranial Fossa Development in Differing Subtypes of Crouzon Syndrome. Journal Of Craniofacial Surgery 2020, 31: 673-677. PMID: 32049910, DOI: 10.1097/scs.0000000000006181.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchCranial Fossa, PosteriorCraniofacial DysostosisCraniosynostosesFemaleHumansMaleTomography, X-Ray ComputedClassification of Subtypes of Crouzon Syndrome Based on the Type of Vault Suture Synostosis.
Lu X, Sawh-Martinez R, Forte AJ, Wu R, Cabrejo R, Wilson A, Steinbacher DM, Alperovich M, Alonso N, Persing JA. Classification of Subtypes of Crouzon Syndrome Based on the Type of Vault Suture Synostosis. Journal Of Craniofacial Surgery 2020, 31: 678-684. PMID: 32068731, DOI: 10.1097/scs.0000000000006173.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsClass IIICrouzon syndromeClass IClass IISuture involvementSuture synostosisSimilar craniofacial characteristicsComputed tomography scanClassification of subtypesSurgical interventionMorphology of patientsAnatomic deformityTomography scanSurgical techniqueCT scanDifferent subtypesSagittal synostosisSyndromeClass IVPremature closureCraniofacial characteristicsSevere craniofacial malformationsCranial base lengthSynostosisDifferent pathologies
2021
Distinguishing craniomorphometric characteristics and severity in metopic synostosis patients
Chandler L, Park K, Allam O, Mozaffari M, Khetpal S, Smetona J, Pourtaheri N, Lu X, Persing J, Alperovich M. Distinguishing craniomorphometric characteristics and severity in metopic synostosis patients. International Journal Of Oral And Maxillofacial Surgery 2021, 50: 1040-1046. PMID: 33483210, DOI: 10.1016/j.ijom.2020.11.022.Peer-Reviewed Original Research
2020
Distinguishing Craniomorphometric Characteristics of Unilateral Lambdoid Craniosynostosis.
Allam O, Park KE, Pourtaheri N, Mozaffari MA, Smetona J, Lu X, Ahmad M, Persing JA, Alperovich M. Distinguishing Craniomorphometric Characteristics of Unilateral Lambdoid Craniosynostosis. Journal Of Craniofacial Surgery 2020, 32: 125-129. PMID: 33156173, DOI: 10.1097/scs.0000000000007098.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsCranial SuturesCraniosynostosesDiagnosis, DifferentialFemaleHumansInfantMaleMastoidTomography, X-Ray ComputedConceptsUnilateral lambdoid synostosisUL patientsDeformational plagiocephalySingle-suture nonsyndromic craniosynostosisPosterior deformational plagiocephalyUnilateral lambdoid craniosynostosisDP patientsClinical findingsPathological characteristicsRare formPatientsAnterior midlineLambdoid craniosynostosisMajority maleCT imagingLambdoid synostosisNonsyndromic craniosynostosisReliable indicatorSignificant differencesLambdoid sutureSide earCraniosynostosisScansEarPatient scansRacial Disparity Between Asian and Caucasian Crouzon Syndrome in Skull Morphology.
Lu X, Forte AJ, Fan F, Zhang Z, Teng L, Yang B, Alperovich M, Steinbacher DM, Alonso N, Persing JA. Racial Disparity Between Asian and Caucasian Crouzon Syndrome in Skull Morphology. Journal Of Craniofacial Surgery 2020, 31: 2182-2187. PMID: 33136851, DOI: 10.1097/scs.0000000000006741.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAdolescentAdultAsian PeopleCraniofacial DysostosisHumansKyphosisSkullSoftwareTomography, X-Ray ComputedWhite PeopleYoung AdultConceptsCrouzon patientsCrouzon syndromeLateral pterygoidIntracranial sideRacial disparitiesDifferent patient populationsPosterior fossa volumeCranial basePosterior cranial fossaMiddle cranial baseAsian patientsCaucasian patientsPatient populationTomographic scanPatientsCranial base angleCranial base angulationCranial fossaFossa volumeTreatment planWhat Is the Difference in Cranial Base Morphology in Isolated and Syndromic Bicoronal Synostosis?
Lu X, Forte AJ, Wilson AT, Park KE, Allam O, Mozaffari MA, Alperovich M, Steinbacher DM, Alonso N, Persing JA. What Is the Difference in Cranial Base Morphology in Isolated and Syndromic Bicoronal Synostosis? Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery 2020, 146: 599-610. PMID: 32842109, DOI: 10.1097/prs.0000000000007068.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchCranial Fossa Volume and Morphology Development in Apert Syndrome.
Lu X, Forte AJ, Wilson A, Steinbacher DM, Alperovich M, Alonso N, Persing JA. Cranial Fossa Volume and Morphology Development in Apert Syndrome. Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery 2020, 145: 790e-802e. PMID: 32221226, DOI: 10.1097/prs.0000000000006679.Peer-Reviewed Original Research
2019
Cranial Fossa Volume in Differing Subtypes of Apert Syndrome.
Lu X, Forte AJ, Wilson A, Alperovich M, Steinbacher DM, Alonso N, Persing JA. Cranial Fossa Volume in Differing Subtypes of Apert Syndrome. Journal Of Craniofacial Surgery 2019, 30: 2345-2349. PMID: 31609946, DOI: 10.1097/scs.0000000000005785.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchWhat Is the Skull Structure Influence of Squamosal Suture Synostosis in Nonsyndromic and Syndromic Crouzon Craniosynostosis?
Lu X, Chen G, Forte AJ, Cabrejo R, Singh A, Kyle G, Steinbacher DM, Alperovich M, Alonso N, Persing JA. What Is the Skull Structure Influence of Squamosal Suture Synostosis in Nonsyndromic and Syndromic Crouzon Craniosynostosis? Journal Of Craniofacial Surgery 2019, 30: 1671-1675. PMID: 30950948, DOI: 10.1097/scs.0000000000005396.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsCephalometryChildChild, PreschoolCranial SuturesCraniofacial DysostosisCraniosynostosesFemaleHumansMalePlastic Surgery ProceduresSkullTomography, X-Ray ComputedConceptsMiddle cranial fossaAnterior cranial fossaCranial fossaPosterior cranial fossaSquamosal synostosisFossa volumeCrouzon syndromeSquamosal suture synostosisComputed tomography scanCranial volumeNonsyndromic craniosynostosis patientsVolume reductionSevere volume reductionTomography scanNormal controlsMorphologic effectsCraniosynostosis patientsFossaPremature closureSyndromic conditionsSuture synostosisSyndromic synostosisFrankfort horizontal planeSynostosisThree-dimensional cephalometryThe Endocranial Bifrontal Angle: A Longitudinal Evaluation in Two Patients With Metopic Synostosis.
Cabrejo R, Lu X, Persing J. The Endocranial Bifrontal Angle: A Longitudinal Evaluation in Two Patients With Metopic Synostosis. Journal Of Craniofacial Surgery 2019, 30: 1644-1646. PMID: 30939543, DOI: 10.1097/scs.0000000000005358.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsCraniosynostosesDisease ProgressionHumansInfantInfant, NewbornMaleTomography, X-Ray ComputedConceptsSmaller head circumferenceEndocranial bifrontal angleHead circumferenceMetopic craniosynostosisNeurological sequelaeNeurological deficitsSurgical treatmentSevere formPatientsSevere trigonocephalyLongitudinal evaluationMetopic sutureMetopic synostosisTomography imagingSkull deformityCraniosynostosisCircumferenceTrigonocephalyFrontal regionsYoung childrenSkull bonesSubsequent evaluationChildrenSequelaeDeformityAnalysis of Airway and Midface in Crouzon Syndromes
Forte AJ, Lu X, Hashim PW, Steinbacher DM, Alperovich M, Persing JA, Alonso N. Analysis of Airway and Midface in Crouzon Syndromes. Annals Of Plastic Surgery 2019, Publish Ahead of Print: &na;. PMID: 30633021, DOI: 10.1097/sap.0000000000001740.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsPharyngeal airway volumeComputed tomography scanAirway volumeControl subjectsTomography scanCrouzon syndromeAge-matched control subjectsAnalysis of airwaysSevere respiratory impairmentNasal airway volumePosterior pharyngeal wallEarly mixed dentitionCrouzon groupSurgical interventionRespiratory impairmentUpper airwaySoft tissue measurementsPharyngeal wallPosterior tongueMixed dentitionAirwayPatientsSyndromeVolumetric assessmentT-testAssociation of Regional Cranial Base Deformity and Ultimate Structure in Crouzon Syndrome.
Lu X, Jorge Forte A, Sawh-Martinez R, Wu R, Cabrejo R, Steinbacher DM, Alperovich M, Alonso N, Persing JA. Association of Regional Cranial Base Deformity and Ultimate Structure in Crouzon Syndrome. Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery 2019, 143: 1233e-1243e. PMID: 31136487, DOI: 10.1097/prs.0000000000005643.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMandibular Spatial Reorientation and Morphological Alteration of Crouzon and Apert Syndrome.
Lu X, Sawh-Martinez R, Forte AJ, Wu R, Cabrejo R, Wilson A, Steinbacher DM, Alperovich M, Alonso N, Persing JA. Mandibular Spatial Reorientation and Morphological Alteration of Crouzon and Apert Syndrome. Annals Of Plastic Surgery 2019, 83: 568-582. PMID: 31008788, DOI: 10.1097/sap.0000000000001811.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchTemporal Evaluation of Craniofacial Relationships in Apert Syndrome
Lu X, Forte AJ, Sawh-Martinez R, Wu R, Cabrejo R, Gabrick K, Steinbacher DM, Alperovich M, Alonso N, Persing JA. Temporal Evaluation of Craniofacial Relationships in Apert Syndrome. Journal Of Craniofacial Surgery 2019, 30: 317-325. PMID: 30358751, DOI: 10.1097/scs.0000000000004836.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAcrocephalosyndactyliaCephalometryChild, PreschoolFaceHumansInfantSkullTomography, X-Ray ComputedConceptsYears of ageApert syndromeNasal spineComputed tomography scanMaxillary planeAnterior nasal spineMonths of ageApert syndrome patientsPosterior nasal spineSella-nasion planeTomography scanSyndrome patientsAge subgroupsAnatomic relationshipsSyndromeFacial deformityAngulation changeFrankfort horizontal planeCranial base lengthMonthsIntracellular regulatory mechanismsCraniofacial malformationsAgeDeformityMaterialize softwareSpatial and temporal changes of midface in Apert’s syndrome
Lu X, Forte AJ, Sawh-Martinez R, Wu R, Cabrejo R, Wilson A, Steinbacher DM, Alperovich M, Alonso N, Persing JA. Spatial and temporal changes of midface in Apert’s syndrome. Journal Of Plastic Surgery And Hand Surgery 2019, 53: 130-137. PMID: 30782083, DOI: 10.1080/2000656x.2018.1541324.Peer-Reviewed Original Research
2018
Orbit, zygoma, and maxilla growth patterns in Crouzon syndrome
Lu X, Forte AJ, Sawh-Martinez R, Wu R, Cabrejo R, Steinbacher DM, Alperovich M, Alonso N, Persing JA. Orbit, zygoma, and maxilla growth patterns in Crouzon syndrome. International Journal Of Oral And Maxillofacial Surgery 2018, 48: 309-321. PMID: 30389113, DOI: 10.1016/j.ijom.2018.10.013.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAdolescentAdultAnthropometryChildChild, PreschoolCraniofacial DysostosisFemaleHumansInfantInfant, NewbornMaleMaxillaMiddle AgedOrbitTomography, X-Ray ComputedZygomaConceptsCrouzon syndromeCT scanAnteroposterior lengthWidth of maxillaPreoperative CT scanMonths-2 yearsMonths of agePrincipal deformityControl subjectsGlobe projectionAge subgroupsMaxillary wideningSecondary deformitiesOrbital wallAnterior protrusionSyndromeFacial malformationsMonthsDeformityAnteroposterior positionZygomatic regionCranial baseZygomaMalformationsMaterialise software