2022
MIF is a common genetic determinant of COVID-19 symptomatic infection and severity
Shin JJ, Fan W, Par-Young J, Piecychna M, Leng L, Israni-Winger K, Qing H, Gu J, Zhao H, Schulz WL, Unlu S, Kuster J, Young G, Liu J, Ko AI, Garcia A, Sauler M, Wisnewski AV, Young L, Orduña A, Wang A, Klementina O, Garcia AB, Hegyi P, Armstrong ME, Mitchell P, Ordiz DB, Garami A, Kang I, Bucala R. MIF is a common genetic determinant of COVID-19 symptomatic infection and severity. QJM 2022, 116: 205-212. PMID: 36222594, PMCID: PMC9620729, DOI: 10.1093/qjmed/hcac234.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsMacrophage migration inhibitory factorLow-expression MIF alleleCOVID-19 infectionMIF allelesCATT7 alleleHealthy controlsCOVID-19Serum macrophage migration inhibitory factorSymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infectionHigher serum MIF levelsHigh-expression MIF allelesRetrospective case-control studySARS-CoV-2 infectionFunctional polymorphismsAvailable clinical characteristicsMultinational retrospective studySerum MIF levelsUninfected healthy controlsSymptomatic COVID-19Tertiary medical centerHealthy control subjectsCase-control studyMigration inhibitory factorCoronavirus disease 2019Common functional polymorphisms
2021
Diverse functional autoantibodies in patients with COVID-19
Wang EY, Mao T, Klein J, Dai Y, Huck JD, Jaycox JR, Liu F, Zhou T, Israelow B, Wong P, Coppi A, Lucas C, Silva J, Oh JE, Song E, Perotti ES, Zheng NS, Fischer S, Campbell M, Fournier JB, Wyllie AL, Vogels CBF, Ott IM, Kalinich CC, Petrone ME, Watkins AE, Dela Cruz C, Farhadian S, Schulz W, Ma S, Grubaugh N, Ko A, Iwasaki A, Ring A. Diverse functional autoantibodies in patients with COVID-19. Nature 2021, 595: 283-288. PMID: 34010947, DOI: 10.1038/s41586-021-03631-y.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsPeripheral immune cell compositionSARS-CoV-2 infectionCOVID-19Effects of autoantibodiesTissue-associated antigensSpecific clinical characteristicsInnate immune activationImmune cell compositionCOVID-19 exhibitCOVID-19 manifestsAnalysis of autoantibodiesSARS-CoV-2Functional autoantibodiesMouse surrogateClinical characteristicsVirological controlClinical outcomesImmune activationMild diseaseAsymptomatic infectionAutoantibody reactivityDisease progressionHealthcare workersHigh prevalenceAutoantibodies
2012
Reovirus Uses Multiple Endocytic Pathways for Cell Entry
Schulz WL, Haj AK, Schiff LA. Reovirus Uses Multiple Endocytic Pathways for Cell Entry. Journal Of Virology 2012, 86: 12665-12675. PMID: 22973022, PMCID: PMC3497677, DOI: 10.1128/jvi.01861-12.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsReovirus intermediate subviral particlesIntermediate subviral particlesCaveolar endocytosisEndocytic pathwayReovirus virionsDynamin-independent endocytic pathwayDominant-negative caveolin-1Dynamin-dependent endocytosisCell entryJunctional adhesion molecule AMultiple endocytic pathwaysProductive infectionMethyl-β-cyclodextrinCaveolin-1Membrane cholesterolEndocytosisReovirus particlesTissue culture systemClathrinVirionsPathwayVivo infectionCulture systemSubviral particlesTumor microenvironment
2007
Interactions between multiple genetic determinants in the 5′ UTR and VP1 capsid control pathogenesis of chronic post-viral myopathy caused by coxsackievirus B1
Sandager MM, Nugent JL, Schulz WL, Messner RP, Tam PE. Interactions between multiple genetic determinants in the 5′ UTR and VP1 capsid control pathogenesis of chronic post-viral myopathy caused by coxsackievirus B1. Virology 2007, 372: 35-47. PMID: 18029287, PMCID: PMC2352162, DOI: 10.1016/j.virol.2007.10.020.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsVP1 capsidLimb muscle weaknessGenetic determinantsClinical manifestationsMuscle weaknessAntibody responseViral determinantsCoxsackievirus B1Viral titersMiceUnderlying mechanismPathogenesisMyopathyMultiple genetic determinantsCurrent studyDifferent genetic backgroundsGenetic backgroundSecond strainFull attenuationDeterminantsMyositisTitersEnterovirusesComplex interplay