Acute Prolapsed Lumbar Intervertebral Disc An Epidemiologic Study with Special Reference to Driving Automobiles and Cigarette Smoking
KELSEY J, GITHENS P, O'CONNER T, WEIL U, CALOGERO J, HOLFORD T, WHITE A, WALTER S, OSTFELD A, SOUTHWICK W. Acute Prolapsed Lumbar Intervertebral Disc An Epidemiologic Study with Special Reference to Driving Automobiles and Cigarette Smoking. Spine 1984, 9: 608-613. PMID: 6495031, DOI: 10.1097/00007632-198409000-00012.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsCigarette smokingAverage riskNumber of pregnanciesPossible etiologic significanceCase-control studyEpidemiologic case-control studyRatio of menLumbar intervertebral discsNonoccupational factorsFemale ratioRisk factorsEpidemiologic studiesHigh riskSurgical casesEtiologic significanceNumber of childrenLumbar discIntervertebral discHigh heelsSmokingRiskNumber of hoursPast yearPregnancySurgeryAn epidemiologic study of lifting and twisting on the job and risk for acute prolapsed lumbar intervertebral disc
Kelsey J, Githens P, White A, Holford T, Walter S, O'Connor T, Ostfeld A, Weil U, Southwick W, Calogero J. An epidemiologic study of lifting and twisting on the job and risk for acute prolapsed lumbar intervertebral disc. Journal Of Orthopaedic Research® 1984, 2: 61-66. PMID: 6491800, DOI: 10.1002/jor.1100020110.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsLumbar intervertebral discsCase-control studyIntervertebral discEpidemiologic case-control studyEpidemiologic studiesHigh riskFrequent liftingLumbar discRisk