2024
Neurosymptomatic HIV-1 CSF escape is associated with replication in CNS T cells and inflammation
Kincer L, Dravid A, Trunfio M, Calcagno A, Zhou S, Vercesi R, Spudich S, Gisslen M, Price R, Cinque P, Joseph S. Neurosymptomatic HIV-1 CSF escape is associated with replication in CNS T cells and inflammation. Journal Of Clinical Investigation 2024, 134: e176358. PMID: 39352388, PMCID: PMC11444166, DOI: 10.1172/jci176358.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsHIV-1 RNACD4+ T cellsHIV-1 populationsAntiretroviral therapyHIV-1T cellsCerebrospinal fluidCSF escapeCNS inflammationDetectable HIV-1 RNAImprovement of neurological symptomsAssociated with viral suppressionUntreated chronic infectionDrug-resistant virusesProgressive neurological deficitsCNS T cellsART regimenViral suppressionChronic infectionNeurological deficitsNeurological symptomsInflammatory biomarkersClinical consequencesVirus expressionPrimary infectionChanges in cerebrospinal fluid proteins across the spectrum of untreated and treated chronic HIV-1 infection
Hu Z, Cinque P, Dravid A, Hagberg L, Yilmaz A, Zetterberg H, Fuchs D, Gostner J, Blennow K, Spudich S, Kincer L, Zhou S, Joseph S, Swanstrom R, Price R, Gisslén M. Changes in cerebrospinal fluid proteins across the spectrum of untreated and treated chronic HIV-1 infection. PLOS Pathogens 2024, 20: e1012470. PMID: 39316609, PMCID: PMC11469498, DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1012470.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsHIV-1 infectionHIV-associated dementiaCerebrospinal fluidCerebrospinal fluid proteinCerebrospinal fluid HIV-1 RNAImpact of HIV-1 infectionTreating chronic HIV-1 infectionChronic HIV-1 infectionHIV-1 RNAHIV-1 progressionTreat chronic infectionsInflammatory cell lineagesNeurofilament light chain proteinCSF escapeChronic infectionHIV-1Light chain proteinProtein changesClinical centersCNS injuryCSF proteinClinical informationCell lineagesInfectionCerebrospinal fluid proteome
2023
Brain volumetrics differ by Fiebig stage in acute HIV infection
Bolzenius J, Sacdalan C, Ndhlovu L, Sailasuta N, Trautmann L, Tipsuk S, Crowell T, Suttichom D, Colby D, Phanuphak N, Chan P, Premeaux T, Kroon E, Vasan S, Hsu D, Valcour V, Ananworanich J, Robb M, Ake J, Pohl K, Sriplienchan S, Spudich S, Paul R. Brain volumetrics differ by Fiebig stage in acute HIV infection. AIDS 2023, 37: 861-869. PMID: 36723491, PMCID: PMC10079583, DOI: 10.1097/qad.0000000000003496.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsAcute HIV infectionNucleus accumbensFiebig stagesAcute infectionHIV infectionCaudate nucleusBrain volumeLower regional brain volumesAntiretroviral therapy initiationMarkers of neuroinflammationBrain volume alterationsCross-sectional studyRegional brain volumesT1-weighted scansTherapy initiationChronic infectionBrain volumetricsBrain disruptionThai malesViral factorsPutamenVolume alterationsAccumbensInfectionStimulant use
2022
Correlation between CD4/CD8 ratio and neurocognitive performance during early HIV infection
Le LT, Price RW, Gisslén M, Zetterberg H, Emu B, Fabre R, Christian P, Andersen S, Spudich S, Vassallo M. Correlation between CD4/CD8 ratio and neurocognitive performance during early HIV infection. HIV Medicine 2022, 24: 442-452. PMID: 36134890, DOI: 10.1111/hiv.13411.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsCD4/CD8 ratioPrimary HIV infectionCD8 ratioImmune activationHIV infectionNeuronal injuryAntiretroviral treatmentNeurocognitive performanceMean CD4/CD8 ratioCSF neurofilament light chainART-naïve participantsEarly HIV infectionCerebrospinal fluid markersNeurofilament light chainNeuropsychological testing performancePsychomotor speed performancePHI participantsStudy cohortCSF markersChronic infectionBrain injuryRetrospective analysisFluid markersInfectionInjuryNeuropathogenesis of HIV-1: insights from across the spectrum of acute through long-term treated infection
Killingsworth L, Spudich S. Neuropathogenesis of HIV-1: insights from across the spectrum of acute through long-term treated infection. Seminars In Immunopathology 2022, 44: 709-724. PMID: 35882661, PMCID: PMC10126949, DOI: 10.1007/s00281-022-00953-5.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsCentral nervous systemHIV infectionInflammatory responseHIV entryChronic HIV infectionAcute HIV infectionNeuropathogenesis of HIVEarly inflammatory responsePathological inflammatory responsesOngoing neuropathologyAntiretroviral therapyViral suppressionNeurologic healthViral reservoirChronic infectionImmune mechanismsT lymphocytesHIV-1Viral infectionNervous systemInfectionHIVPathological consequencesBrainNeuropathogenesisHIV Compartmentalization in the CNS and Its Impact in Treatment Outcomes and Cure Strategies
Chan P, Spudich S. HIV Compartmentalization in the CNS and Its Impact in Treatment Outcomes and Cure Strategies. Current HIV/AIDS Reports 2022, 19: 207-216. PMID: 35536438, PMCID: PMC10590959, DOI: 10.1007/s11904-022-00605-1.Peer-Reviewed Reviews, Practice Guidelines, Standards, and Consensus StatementsConceptsHIV-1 escapeAntiretroviral therapyCentral nervous system reservoirHIV-1 infection resultsStable antiretroviral therapyCerebrospinal fluid findingsWorse neurocognitive performanceTreatment interruption studiesHIV compartmentalizationCNS reservoirsCure strategiesChronic infectionTreatment outcomesCells persistRecent FindingsComparedInfection resultsReviewThis reviewViral variantsViral replicationSummaryFuture studiesNeurocognitive performanceInterruption studiesSystemic reservoirInfected cellsLongitudinal benefits
2021
Clinical and laboratory impact of concomitant syphilis infection during acute HIV
Chan P, Colby D, Kroon E, Sacdalan C, Pinyakorn S, Paul R, Robb M, Valcour V, Ananworanich J, Marra C, Spudich S. Clinical and laboratory impact of concomitant syphilis infection during acute HIV. HIV Medicine 2021, 22: 502-511. PMID: 33728759, DOI: 10.1111/hiv.13079.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsAcute HIV-1T lymphocyte levelsVenereal Disease Research LaboratoryUntreated syphilisHistory of syphilisHIV-1Higher plasma HIV-1 RNACD4 T-lymphocyte levelsPlasma HIV-1 RNAHIV-1 RNA levelsCognitive performanceCD4 T lymphocytesHIV-1 infectionHIV-1 RNAImpaired cognitive performanceAcute HIVAHI participantsFiebig stagesIncident syphilisPrior syphilisSerum TreponemaSyphilis infectionChronic infectionDisease measuresSyphilis status
2020
Minimal detection of cerebrospinal fluid escape after initiation of antiretroviral therapy in acute HIV-1 infection.
Handoko R, Chan P, Jagodzinski L, Pinyakorn S, Ubolyam S, Phanuphak N, Sacdalan C, Kroon E, Dumrongpisutikul N, Paul R, Valcour V, Ananworanich J, Vasan S, Spudich S. Minimal detection of cerebrospinal fluid escape after initiation of antiretroviral therapy in acute HIV-1 infection. AIDS 2020, 35: 777-782. PMID: 33306551, PMCID: PMC7969409, DOI: 10.1097/qad.0000000000002786.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsAcute HIV-1 infectionHIV-1 RNACentral nervous systemCSF escapeAntiretroviral therapyHIV-1 infectionWeek 96Week 24HIV-1CSF HIV-1 RNAInitiation of ARTLong-term neurological outcomePlasma HIV-1 RNAWeeks of ARTProspective cohort studyPersistence of HIVHIV-1 persistenceLevels of CSFYears of treatmentHIV-1 replicationNeurological outcomeCohort studyVoluntary counselingChronic infectionEarly treatment
2019
Exosomal MicroRNAs Associate With Neuropsychological Performance in Individuals With HIV Infection on Antiretroviral Therapy.
OʼMeara T, Kong Y, Chiarella J, Price RW, Chaudhury R, Liu X, Spudich S, Robertson K, Emu B, Lu L. Exosomal MicroRNAs Associate With Neuropsychological Performance in Individuals With HIV Infection on Antiretroviral Therapy. JAIDS Journal Of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes 2019, 82: 514-522. PMID: 31714431, PMCID: PMC6857839, DOI: 10.1097/qai.0000000000002187.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsCombination antiretroviral therapyNeuropsychological performanceAntiretroviral therapyViral suppressionHIV infectionNeurocognitive dysfunctionExo-miRNAsEarly infection groupCentral nervous systemSystemic viral suppressionTyrosine receptor kinaseInfection groupChronic infectionPLWHCross-sectional examinationNervous systemEarly infectionNeuropsychological scoresInfectionConsistent findingNeuropsychological batteryHIVNeurodegeneration pathwaysDysfunctionTherapy
2018
Anti-Human Immunodeficiency Virus Antibodies in the Cerebrospinal Fluid: Evidence of Early Treatment Impact on Central Nervous System Reservoir?
Burbelo PD, Price RW, Hagberg L, Hatano H, Spudich S, Deeks SG, Gisslén M. Anti-Human Immunodeficiency Virus Antibodies in the Cerebrospinal Fluid: Evidence of Early Treatment Impact on Central Nervous System Reservoir? The Journal Of Infectious Diseases 2018, 217: 1024-1032. PMID: 29401308, PMCID: PMC5939835, DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jix662.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsCentral nervous systemHuman immunodeficiency virusAntiretroviral therapyLong-term treatmentCerebrospinal fluidHIV antibodiesCSF antibodiesEarly infectionBlood antibodyChronic infectionVirus antibodiesCentral nervous system reservoirAnti-human immunodeficiency virus antibodiesHuman immunodeficiency virus (HIV) antibodyEarly ART initiationMarkers of persistenceEffective antiretroviral therapySuppressive antiretroviral therapyPre-exposure prophylaxisART initiationHIV persistenceCNS infectionHIV reservoirImmunodeficiency virusBerlin patient
2017
CROI 2017: Neurologic Complications of HIV Infection.
Spudich SS, Ances BM. CROI 2017: Neurologic Complications of HIV Infection. Topics In Antiviral Medicine 2017, 25: 69-76. PMID: 28598791, PMCID: PMC5677044.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsEarly HIV infectionHIV infectionCentral nervous systemAntiretroviral therapyCNS HIV infectionPotential viral reservoirAntiretroviral regimensSuppressive therapyVirologic controlNeurologic complicationsBrain macrophagesOpportunistic infectionsViral reservoirCognitive screening testsMicroglial cellsChronic infectionRisk factorsNeurocognitive disordersT cellsChoroid plexusNervous systemCognitive impairmentNumerous cohortsScreening testLongitudinal evaluation
2016
Immune activation in the central nervous system throughout the course of HIV infection
Spudich SS. Immune activation in the central nervous system throughout the course of HIV infection. Current Opinion In HIV And AIDS 2016, 11: 226-233. PMID: 26760827, PMCID: PMC4773903, DOI: 10.1097/coh.0000000000000243.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsCombination antiretroviral therapyImmune activationAntiretroviral therapySuppressive combination antiretroviral therapyLong-term neurologic sequelaeCentral nervous system responseCNS immune activationFeatures of homeostasisPersistent immune activationBrain microglial cellsCervical lymph nodesCentral nervous systemSustained immune responseNervous system responsesImmune surveillance networkNeurologic sequelaeAcute infectionHIV infectionLymph nodesActivation associatesMicroglial cellsChronic infectionCNS cellsImmune responseCerebrospinal fluid
2015
Phenotypic Correlates of HIV-1 Macrophage Tropism
Arrildt KT, LaBranche CC, Joseph SB, Dukhovlinova EN, Graham WD, Ping LH, Schnell G, Sturdevant CB, Kincer LP, Mallewa M, Heyderman RS, Van Rie A, Cohen MS, Spudich S, Price RW, Montefiori DC, Swanstrom R. Phenotypic Correlates of HIV-1 Macrophage Tropism. Journal Of Virology 2015, 89: 11294-11311. PMID: 26339058, PMCID: PMC4645658, DOI: 10.1128/jvi.00946-15.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAntibodies, MonoclonalAntibodies, NeutralizingAntibodies, ViralCD4 AntigensCD4-Positive T-LymphocytesCell Line, TumorHEK293 CellsHIV Envelope Protein gp120HIV Envelope Protein gp160HIV Envelope Protein gp41HIV InfectionsHIV-1HumansMacrophagesReceptors, CCR5Recombinant ProteinsViral TropismVirus InternalizationConceptsT cell-tropic virusesT-tropic virusesMonocyte-derived macrophagesM-tropic virusesMacrophage-tropic virusesV1/V2 regionSoluble CD4Central nervous systemHIV-1Chronic infectionT cellsMacrophage-tropic HIV-1 variantsNervous systemM-tropic HIV-1HIV-1 env geneEnv proteinV2 regionT-cell tropicHIV-1 variantsCD4-bound conformationMacrophage-tropicMacrophage tropismM-tropicSurface CD4CD4
2008
Fever and Focal Cerebral Dysfunction
Spudich S. Fever and Focal Cerebral Dysfunction. 2008, 233-240. DOI: 10.1017/cbo9780511547454.041.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchCerebral infectionIntracranial abscessNeurological findingsCerebral diseaseCentral nervous system infectionFocal cerebral dysfunctionFocal neurological findingsFocal neurological deficitsNervous system infectionPresence of feverVisual field cutCongenital heart diseaseHerpes simplex virusOne-sided weaknessCerebral complicationsFocal encephalitisNeurological deficitsSystem infectionGeneralized seizuresValvular diseaseCerebral dysfunctionImmunocompetent hostsMain diagnosisChronic infectionEar infections