2021
Cerebrospinal Fluid Viral Load Across the Spectrum of Untreated Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 (HIV-1) Infection: A Cross-Sectional Multicenter Study
Ulfhammer G, Edén A, Antinori A, Brew BJ, Calcagno A, Cinque P, De Zan V, Hagberg L, Lin A, Nilsson S, Oprea C, Pinnetti C, Spudich S, Trunfio M, Winston A, Price RW, Gisslén M. Cerebrospinal Fluid Viral Load Across the Spectrum of Untreated Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 (HIV-1) Infection: A Cross-Sectional Multicenter Study. Clinical Infectious Diseases 2021, 75: 493-502. PMID: 34747481, PMCID: PMC9427147, DOI: 10.1093/cid/ciab943.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsCSF HIV RNAWhite blood cell countPlasma HIV RNAUntreated human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infectionHuman immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infectionCSF white blood cell countVirus type 1 infectionHIV RNACopies/mLType 1 infectionMulticenter studyOpportunistic central nervous system infectionsCerebrospinal fluid HIV RNACerebrospinal fluid viral loadHigher CSF HIV RNALog10 copies/mLCentral nervous system infectionCross-sectional multicenter studyHIV RNA quantificationNervous system infectionTreatment-naive adultsBlood cell countLarge multicenter studyCNS compartmentalizationCSF discordanceVZV myelitis with secondary HIV CSF escape
Weiss JJ, Spudich S, Barakat L. VZV myelitis with secondary HIV CSF escape. BMJ Case Reports 2021, 14: e241738. PMID: 34187795, PMCID: PMC8245447, DOI: 10.1136/bcr-2021-241738.Peer-Reviewed Case Reports and Technical NotesConceptsVaricella-zoster virusCSF escapeVZV myelitisSkin lesionsCerebrospinal fluidCSF HIV viral loadRight upper extremity weaknessCentral nervous system infectionSubsequent oral therapyUpper extremity weaknessHIV viral loadNervous system infectionVesicular skin lesionsCopies/mLDirect fluorescent antibody testingFluorescent antibody testingIntravenous acyclovirVZV PCRExtremity weaknessOral therapyRare complicationSystem infectionAtypical presentationImmunosuppressed patientsVZV infection
2013
Approach to Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF) Biomarker Discovery and Evaluation in HIV Infection
Price RW, Peterson J, Fuchs D, Angel TE, Zetterberg H, Hagberg L, Spudich S, Smith RD, Jacobs JM, Brown JN, Gisslen M. Approach to Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF) Biomarker Discovery and Evaluation in HIV Infection. Journal Of Neuroimmune Pharmacology 2013, 8: 1147-1158. PMID: 23943280, PMCID: PMC3889225, DOI: 10.1007/s11481-013-9491-3.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsHIV infectionCentral nervous system infectionSystemic HIV infectionNervous system infectionCNS disease progressionCerebrospinal fluid biomarkersCross-sectional studyInteraction of HIVCSF biomarker studiesCNS infectionsDisease activitySystem infectionAntiretroviral treatmentClinical stagingNeural injuryCSF biomarkersNeurological consequencesFluid biomarkersDisease progressionMore accurate diagnosisNeuropsychological test performanceNovel biomarkersAccurate diagnosisBiomarker concentrationsInfection
2010
HIV-1 Viral Escape in Cerebrospinal Fluid of Subjects on Suppressive Antiretroviral Treatment
Edén A, Fuchs D, Hagberg L, Nilsson S, Spudich S, Svennerholm B, Price RW, Gisslén M. HIV-1 Viral Escape in Cerebrospinal Fluid of Subjects on Suppressive Antiretroviral Treatment. The Journal Of Infectious Diseases 2010, 202: 1819-1825. PMID: 21050119, PMCID: PMC3052942, DOI: 10.1086/657342.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsHIV-1 RNAAntiretroviral therapy regimensCerebrospinal fluidViral escapeTherapy regimensPlasma human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) RNACSF HIV-1 RNAHuman immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) RNACentral nervous system infectionCSF neopterin levelsCSF viral escapeHigher CSF neopterinIntrathecal immune activationPrevious treatment interruptionsSuppressive antiretroviral treatmentAtazanavir/ritonavirLopinavir/ritonavirNervous system infectionCSF virusNew treatment combinationsCopies/mLEnzyme-linked immunosorbentPolymerase chain reaction assaysCSF escapeCSF neopterin
2008
Fever and Focal Cerebral Dysfunction
Spudich S. Fever and Focal Cerebral Dysfunction. 2008, 233-240. DOI: 10.1017/cbo9780511547454.041.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchCerebral infectionIntracranial abscessNeurological findingsCerebral diseaseCentral nervous system infectionFocal cerebral dysfunctionFocal neurological findingsFocal neurological deficitsNervous system infectionPresence of feverVisual field cutCongenital heart diseaseHerpes simplex virusOne-sided weaknessCerebral complicationsFocal encephalitisNeurological deficitsSystem infectionGeneralized seizuresValvular diseaseCerebral dysfunctionImmunocompetent hostsMain diagnosisChronic infectionEar infections
2006
Defining and Evaluating HIV-Related Neurodegenerative Disease and Its Treatment Targets: A Combinatorial Approach to Use of Cerebrospinal Fluid Molecular Biomarkers
Gisslen M, Hagberg L, Rosengren L, Brew BJ, Cinque P, Spudich S, Price RW. Defining and Evaluating HIV-Related Neurodegenerative Disease and Its Treatment Targets: A Combinatorial Approach to Use of Cerebrospinal Fluid Molecular Biomarkers. Journal Of Neuroimmune Pharmacology 2006, 2: 112-119. PMID: 18040834, DOI: 10.1007/s11481-006-9035-1.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsCNS HIV infectionAIDS dementia complexHIV infectionBrain injuryTreatment targetsCentral nervous system infectionNeurodegenerative diseasesSystemic HIV infectionComorbidities of patientsNervous system infectionAdjuvant treatment approachesCerebrospinal fluid markersRational trial designIntrathecal immunoactivationSystem infectionDementia complexAvailable treatmentsClinical trialsFluid markersTrial designTreatment approachesClinical practiceExperimental therapeuticsPatientsInfection