2023
Cerebrospinal fluid pleocytosis is associated with HIV-1 neuroinvasion during acute infection
Chan P, Moreland S, Sacdalan C, Kroon E, Colby D, Sriplienchan S, Pinyakorn S, Phanuphak N, Jagodzinski L, Valcour V, Vasan S, Paul R, Trautmann L, Spudich S, Team O. Cerebrospinal fluid pleocytosis is associated with HIV-1 neuroinvasion during acute infection. AIDS 2023, 38: 373-378. PMID: 37916464, PMCID: PMC10842649, DOI: 10.1097/qad.0000000000003777.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchCSF HIV-1 RNAWhite blood cell countHIV-1 RNAAcute HIV infectionCp/mLCSF pleocytosisCSF samplesLower plasmaCerebrospinal fluid white blood cell countMedian CSF white blood cell countStage ICSF white blood cell countDetectable HIV-1 RNAFiebig stage IIIFiebig stages ICerebrospinal fluid pleocytosisT-cell countsAcute retroviral syndromeHigh viral loadBlood cell countCells/Blood CD4Acute infectionHIV infectionMedian ageHIV-1 is Transported into the Central Nervous System by Trafficking Infected Cells
Kincer L, Schnell G, Swanstrom R, Miller M, Spudich S, Eron J, Price R, Joseph S. HIV-1 is Transported into the Central Nervous System by Trafficking Infected Cells. Pathogens And Immunity 2023, 7: 131-142. PMID: 36865569, PMCID: PMC9973728, DOI: 10.20411/pai.v7i2.524.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchBlood-cerebrospinal fluid barrierBlood-brain barrierCentral nervous systemHIV-1Cerebrospinal fluidInfected cellsCSF samplesNervous systemCo-infected participantsHCV viral loadHIV-1 replicationCross-sectional studyMigration of HIVHIV-1 particlesHIV-1 populationsBlood plasmaHCV concentrationAntiviral regimensViral loadHCV entryInflammatory responseFluid barrierHCVVirus entryNormal surveillance
2019
Predicting Efavirenz Concentrations in the Brain Tissue of HIV‐Infected Individuals and Exploring their Relationship to Neurocognitive Impairment
Srinivas N, Joseph SB, Robertson K, Kincer LP, Menezes P, Adamson L, Schauer AP, Blake KH, White N, Sykes C, Luciw P, Eron JJ, Forrest A, Price R, Spudich S, Swanstrom R, Kashuba A. Predicting Efavirenz Concentrations in the Brain Tissue of HIV‐Infected Individuals and Exploring their Relationship to Neurocognitive Impairment. Clinical And Translational Science 2019, 12: 302-311. PMID: 30675981, PMCID: PMC6510381, DOI: 10.1111/cts.12620.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsBrain tissue concentrationsCerebrospinal fluidBrain tissueRhesus macaquesNeurocognitive scoresPK/pharmacodynamic analysesPenetration of antiretroviralsTissue concentrationsExposure-response analysisConcentration-time curveAdult rhesus macaquesCSF AUCEfavirenz concentrationsPlasma AUCPharmacodynamic analysisClinical studiesTissue AUCNeurocognitive impairmentCSF samplesPharmacokinetic dataPK modelingHIVTime pointsAUCNecropsy
2015
Deep sequencing of HIV-1 variants from paired plasma and cerebrospinal fluid during primary HIV infection
Gega A, Kozal MJ, Chiarella J, Lee E, Peterson J, Hecht FM, Liegler T, St John EP, Simen BB, Price RW, Spudich SS. Deep sequencing of HIV-1 variants from paired plasma and cerebrospinal fluid during primary HIV infection. Journal Of Virus Eradication 2015, 1: 264-268. PMID: 26855971, PMCID: PMC4743659, DOI: 10.1016/s2055-6640(20)30926-2.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchPrimary HIV infectionHIV RNA levelsCopies/mLHIV infectionCerebrospinal fluidCSF samplesAge 32 yearsDrug resistance patternsHIV-1 variantsCSF HIVHIV plasmaHigh mutational loadMutational loadDays postDeep sequencingInfectionPilot studyLow-abundance variantsResistance variantsCells/Plasma samplesViral quasispeciesLimited dataMale participantsQuasispecies
2013
Single-copy assay quantification of HIV-1 RNA in paired cerebrospinal fluid and plasma samples from elite controllers
Dahl V, Peterson J, Spudich S, Lee E, Shacklett BL, Price RW, Palmer S. Single-copy assay quantification of HIV-1 RNA in paired cerebrospinal fluid and plasma samples from elite controllers. AIDS 2013, 27: 1145-1149. PMID: 23211774, PMCID: PMC4004626, DOI: 10.1097/qad.0b013e32835cf235.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsHIV-1 RNACentral nervous systemHIV-1 RNA quantificationElite controllersCerebrospinal fluidPlasma samplesCSF samplesHIV-1 RNA concentrationsHIV-1-infected individualsConcurrent plasma samplesSingle-copy assayRNA quantificationAntiretroviral therapyCopies/HIV-1Rare subsetNervous systemRNA concentrationClinical assaysSensitive assayAssaysRNATherapyInfectionBlood
2012
The cerebrospinal fluid proteome in HIV infection: change associated with disease severity
Angel TE, Jacobs JM, Spudich SS, Gritsenko MA, Fuchs D, Liegler T, Zetterberg H, Camp DG, Price RW, Smith RD. The cerebrospinal fluid proteome in HIV infection: change associated with disease severity. Clinical Proteomics 2012, 9: 3. PMID: 22433316, PMCID: PMC3353874, DOI: 10.1186/1559-0275-9-3.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchCNS HIV infectionHIV infectionCerebrospinal fluidChronic asymptomatic infectionSystemic HIV infectionNervous system infectionAmyloid precursor proteinCSF proteomic analysisCerebrospinal fluid proteomeCSF neopterinAntiretroviral therapyDifferent time pointsSystem infectionNeural injuryImmune activationMotor dysfunctionAsymptomatic infectionClinical spectrumCSF biomarkersCSF analysisDisease progressionCSF samplesNeuronal plasticityDisease severityInfection
2009
Raltegravir Cerebrospinal Fluid Concentrations in HIV-1 Infection
Yilmaz A, Gisslén M, Spudich S, Lee E, Jayewardene A, Aweeka F, Price RW. Raltegravir Cerebrospinal Fluid Concentrations in HIV-1 Infection. PLOS ONE 2009, 4: e6877. PMID: 19721718, PMCID: PMC2731205, DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0006877.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsHIV-1 infectionRaltegravir concentrationsCerebrospinal fluidTreatment-experienced HIV-1-infected patientsSystemic HIV-1 infectionHIV-1-infected patientsHIV-1-infected individualsIntegrase inhibitorsCentral nervous system penetrationAntiretroviral treatment regimensDrug entryPlasma albumin ratioCerebrospinal fluid concentrationsBlood-CSF barrierCSF albumin concentrationPlasma raltegravir concentrationsTreatment regimensAlbumin ratioDrug classesCSF specimensHIV-1CSF samplesAlbumin concentrationFluid concentrationsLiquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry
2008
Enfuvirtide Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF) Pharmacokinetics and Potential use in Defining CSF HIV-1 Origin
Price RW, Parham R, Kroll JL, Wring SA, Baker B, Sailstad J, Hoh R, Liegler T, Spudich S, Kuritzkes DR, Deeks SG. Enfuvirtide Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF) Pharmacokinetics and Potential use in Defining CSF HIV-1 Origin. Antiviral Therapy 2008, 13: 369-374. PMID: 18572749, PMCID: PMC2699482, DOI: 10.1177/135965350801300312.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsCentral nervous systemCerebrospinal fluidCSF samplesCSF HIV-1 RNAHIV-1-infected individualsHIV-negative individualsCerebrospinal fluid pharmacokineticsHIV-1 RNAHuman central nervous systemPlasma samplesHIV-1 replicationCNS drug exposureHIV-1 quasispeciesUse of enfuvirtideResistance-associated mutationsLocal therapeutic effectCNS virusV38A mutationGp41 coding regionCSF pharmacokineticsDrug exposurePlasma concentrationsTherapeutic effectNervous systemClinical setting
2007
Immune Activation of the Central Nervous System Is Still Present after >4 Years of Effective Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy
Edén A, Price RW, Spudich S, Fuchs D, Hagberg L, Gisslén M. Immune Activation of the Central Nervous System Is Still Present after >4 Years of Effective Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy. The Journal Of Infectious Diseases 2007, 196: 1779-1783. PMID: 18190258, DOI: 10.1086/523648.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsHIV RNA levelsCopies/mLActive antiretroviral therapyIntrathecal immunoactivationNeopterin levelsCerebrospinal fluidIgG indexAntiretroviral therapyPlasma HIV RNA levelsMacrophage/microglia activationHuman immunodeficiency virus (HIV) RNAUpper normal reference valueIntrathecal immunoglobulin productionYears of treatmentCentral nervous systemNormal reference valuesMicroglia activationImmune activationImmunoglobulin productionEffective treatmentCSF samplesPatientsNervous systemCell countHAART