Associations between long term air pollution exposure and first hospital admission for kidney and total urinary system diseases in the US Medicare population: nationwide longitudinal cohort study
Lee W, Wu X, Heo S, Fong K, Son J, Sabath M, Braun D, Park J, Kim Y, Lee J, Schwartz J, Kim H, Dominici F, Bell M. Associations between long term air pollution exposure and first hospital admission for kidney and total urinary system diseases in the US Medicare population: nationwide longitudinal cohort study. BMJ Medicine 2022, 1: e000009. PMID: 36936557, PMCID: PMC10012859, DOI: 10.1136/bmjmed-2021-000009.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchChronic kidney diseaseFirst hospital admissionUrinary system diseasesNationwide longitudinal cohort studyLongitudinal cohort studyHospital admissionSystem diseasesTotal kidneyCohort studyHazard ratioMedicare populationLong-term air pollution exposureSecondary outcome measuresPpb increaseUS Medicare populationZip codesAir pollution exposureKidney outcomesFirst admissionKidney diseaseDiagnosis codesNational HealthOutcome measuresMedicare feeUrinary system