2024
Cerebellar Contributions to Traumatic Autobiographical Memory in People with Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder
Blithikioti C, Duek O, Gordon C, Krystal J, Levy I, Harpaz-Rotem I, Schiller D, Perl O. Cerebellar Contributions to Traumatic Autobiographical Memory in People with Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder. The Cerebellum 2024, 1-9. PMID: 39180693, DOI: 10.1007/s12311-024-01731-9.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchPost-traumatic stress disorderFunctional magnetic resonance imagingRight cerebellar lobule VICerebellar lobule VIAutobiographical memoryTraumatic eventsAutobiographical recallStress disorderLobule VIRe-experiencing of traumatic eventsChronic post-traumatic stress disorderDebilitating mental health conditionPTSD pathophysiologyProcessing negative emotionsNegative affective statesCerebellar Crus IIMental health conditionsCerebellar engagementRe-experiencingTrauma exposureCerebellar contributionReactivity paradigmNegative emotionsAffective statesCrus IIThe Prefrontal Cortex Transcriptomic Landscape of the Comorbidity Between Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder and Opioid Misuse
Martinez-Magaña J, Nagamatsu S, Nunez-Rios D, Krystal J, Girgenti M, Group T, Montalvo-Ortiz J. The Prefrontal Cortex Transcriptomic Landscape of the Comorbidity Between Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder and Opioid Misuse. Biological Psychiatry 2024, 95: s69. DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2024.02.169.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchPost-traumatic stress disorderStress disorderPost-traumaticOpioid misuseComorbidityDisordersOpioidMisuseMulti-Omics Mapping in Human Cortical Neurons Reveals Well-Known and Novel Loci of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder
Nunez-Rios D, Hurd Y, Rompala G, Nagamatsu S, Martinez-Magaña J, Krystal J, Group T, Montalvo-Ortiz J. Multi-Omics Mapping in Human Cortical Neurons Reveals Well-Known and Novel Loci of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder. Biological Psychiatry 2024, 95: s34. DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2024.02.087.Peer-Reviewed Original Research
2023
Neural patterns differentiate traumatic from sad autobiographical memories in PTSD
Perl O, Duek O, Kulkarni K, Gordon C, Krystal J, Levy I, Harpaz-Rotem I, Schiller D. Neural patterns differentiate traumatic from sad autobiographical memories in PTSD. Nature Neuroscience 2023, 26: 2226-2236. PMID: 38036701, DOI: 10.1038/s41593-023-01483-5.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsPost-traumatic stress disorderTraumatic memoriesAutobiographical memoryNeural patternsIntersubject representational similarity analysisSimilar neural representationsRepresentational similarity analysisPosterior cingulate cortexTrauma memoriesMnemonic featuresNegative memoriesMultivoxel patternsNeural representationCognitive stateHippocampal representationsCognitive entitiesStress disorderCingulate cortexNeural activityTraumatic narrativesIndividual symptom severitySemantic representationMemory typesOwn memoryMemoryCandidate biomarkers in psychiatric disorders: state of the field
Abi-Dargham A, Moeller S, Ali F, DeLorenzo C, Domschke K, Horga G, Jutla A, Kotov R, Paulus M, Rubio J, Sanacora G, Veenstra-VanderWeele J, Krystal J. Candidate biomarkers in psychiatric disorders: state of the field. World Psychiatry 2023, 22: 236-262. PMID: 37159365, PMCID: PMC10168176, DOI: 10.1002/wps.21078.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchError-related negativityAutism spectrum disorderAnxiety disordersSpectrum disorderFunctional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) measuresEvent-related brain potentialsPost-traumatic stress disorderSocial anxiety disorderTreatment responseCandidate biomarkersGeneralized anxiety disorderResting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rsfMRI) measuresDefinitive testingBrain potentialsNeuroscience literatureElectrophysiological indicesStress disorderMagnetic resonance imaging (MRI) measuresNaturalistic settingConnectomic measuresNumerous candidate biomarkersPresence of illnessMobile health toolsIndividual levelBiomarker validation process
2022
Post-traumatic Stress Disorder
Merians A, Spiller T, Harpaz-Rotem I, Krystal J, Pietrzak R. Post-traumatic Stress Disorder. Medical Clinics Of North America 2022, 107: 85-99. PMID: 36402502, DOI: 10.1016/j.mcna.2022.04.003.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsPost-traumatic stress disorderStress disorderCognitive processing therapyCognitive behavioral therapyEye movement desensitizationEvidence-based psychotherapiesTraumatic eventsBehavioral therapyNegative alterationsFirst-line pharmacologic treatmentStructured interviewsFirst-line treatmentNonpsychiatric settingsLarge bodyPharmacologic treatmentReuptake inhibitorsCognitionDisordersArousalTherapeutic interventionsMoodPsychotherapyAvoidanceTherapyInterventionAbnormal glutamate metabolism in prefrontal cortex of post-traumatic stress disorder linked to comorbidity with major depression
Swanberg K, Prinsen H, Averill C, Campos L, Kurada A, Krystal J, Petrakis I, Averill L, Abdallah C, Juchem C. Abnormal glutamate metabolism in prefrontal cortex of post-traumatic stress disorder linked to comorbidity with major depression. Proceedings Of The International Society For Magnetic Resonance In Medicine ... Scientific Meeting And Exhibition. 2022 DOI: 10.58530/2022/3344.Peer-Reviewed Original Research
2021
Subthreshold post-traumatic stress disorder as a risk factor for post-traumatic stress disorder: results from a sample of USA veterans
Pietrzak RH, Javier FG, Krystal JH, Southwick SM. Subthreshold post-traumatic stress disorder as a risk factor for post-traumatic stress disorder: results from a sample of USA veterans. The British Journal Of Psychiatry 2021, 219: 456-459. PMID: 35048836, DOI: 10.1192/bjp.2021.17.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsSubthreshold post-traumatic stress disorderPost-traumatic stress disorderStress disorderRisk factorsProspective national cohortPotential risk factorsLow dispositional optimismSpecific PTSD symptomsTrauma-exposed veteransNational cohortAssociated FactorsPreventive interventionsPTSD symptomsVeteransDisordersGreater ageCognitive difficultiesWave 1Dispositional optimismCohortSymptomsFactorsTrauma
2020
The National Health and Resilience in Veterans Study: A Narrative Review and Future Directions
Fogle BM, Tsai J, Mota N, Harpaz-Rotem I, Krystal JH, Southwick SM, Pietrzak RH. The National Health and Resilience in Veterans Study: A Narrative Review and Future Directions. Frontiers In Psychiatry 2020, 11: 538218. PMID: 33362593, PMCID: PMC7755975, DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2020.538218.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchNational HealthVeterans StudyMental disordersNarrative reviewVeterans Affairs Healthcare SystemPopulation-based dataUnique health needsUnited States veteransPost-traumatic stress disorderNon-veteran counterpartsPost-traumatic growthProtective psychosocial characteristicsProspective studyStates veteransIndependent cohortHealth outcomesHealth needsU.S. veteransCare deliveryClinical implicationsLongitudinal changesPsychosocial characteristicsProtective factorsStress disorderTreatment efforts
2019
Lower synaptic density is associated with depression severity and network alterations
Holmes SE, Scheinost D, Finnema SJ, Naganawa M, Davis MT, DellaGioia N, Nabulsi N, Matuskey D, Angarita GA, Pietrzak RH, Duman RS, Sanacora G, Krystal JH, Carson RE, Esterlis I. Lower synaptic density is associated with depression severity and network alterations. Nature Communications 2019, 10: 1529. PMID: 30948709, PMCID: PMC6449365, DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-09562-7.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsMajor depressive disorderPost-traumatic stress disorderLower synaptic densitySynaptic densityPositron emission tomographyFunctional connectivityNetwork alterationsSynaptic vesicle glycoprotein 2ASymptoms of depressionSynaptic lossDepressive disorderHealthy controlsNerve terminalsDepressive symptomsDepression severityUnmedicated individualsSynaptic connectionsEmission tomographyStress disorderVivo evidenceSymptomsDepressionSeverityDisordersAlterations
2017
Trajectories of relapse in randomised, placebo-controlled trials of treatment discontinuation in major depressive disorder: an individual patient-level data meta-analysis
Gueorguieva R, Chekroud AM, Krystal JH. Trajectories of relapse in randomised, placebo-controlled trials of treatment discontinuation in major depressive disorder: an individual patient-level data meta-analysis. The Lancet Psychiatry 2017, 4: 230-237. PMID: 28189575, PMCID: PMC5340978, DOI: 10.1016/s2215-0366(17)30038-x.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsActive medicationActive treatmentClinical trialsDepression severityHamilton Depression Rating Scale scoresDepression Rating Scale scoresClinical Global Impression scoresIndividual patient-level dataDouble-blind treatmentPlacebo-controlled trialPatterns of relapseGlobal Impression scoresIndividual patient dataPrevention of relapseTrajectory class membershipTreatment of depressionMajor depressive disorderRating Scale scoresPatient-level dataPost-traumatic stress disorderTreatment discontinuationAntidepressant treatmentClinical responseAlcohol Research CenterAntidepressant medication
2016
Real-Time fMRI Neurofeedback with War Veterans with Chronic PTSD: A Feasibility Study
Gerin MI, Fichtenholtz H, Roy A, Walsh CJ, Krystal JH, Southwick S, Hampson M. Real-Time fMRI Neurofeedback with War Veterans with Chronic PTSD: A Feasibility Study. Frontiers In Psychiatry 2016, 7: 111. PMID: 27445868, PMCID: PMC4914513, DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2016.00111.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchPost-traumatic stress disorderChronic post-traumatic stress disorderResting-state functional connectivity patternsReal-time functional magnetic resonanceStudy of efficacyReal-time fMRI neurofeedbackWar veteransFunctional connectivity patternsFunctional magnetic resonanceClinical improvementAvailable treatmentsTrauma scriptsSymptom reductionMeaningful improvementsNovel interventionsNF trainingStress disorderBrain connectivityNeurofeedback interventionAmygdala activityFMRI neurofeedbackCombat veteransInterventionVeteransFeasibility study
2015
Decreased SGK1 Expression and Function Contributes to Behavioral Deficits Induced by Traumatic Stress
Licznerski P, Duric V, Banasr M, Alavian KN, Ota KT, Kang HJ, Jonas EA, Ursano R, Krystal JH, Duman RS, . Decreased SGK1 Expression and Function Contributes to Behavioral Deficits Induced by Traumatic Stress. PLOS Biology 2015, 13: e1002282. PMID: 26506154, PMCID: PMC4623974, DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.1002282.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAdultAnimalsBehavior, AnimalCohort StudiesDendritic SpinesDepressive Disorder, MajorEnzyme RepressionFemaleGene Transfer TechniquesHippocampusHumansImmediate-Early ProteinsMaleMiddle AgedNerve Tissue ProteinsNeuronsPrefrontal CortexProtein Serine-Threonine KinasesRats, Sprague-DawleySignal TransductionStress Disorders, Post-TraumaticSynaptic TransmissionTissue BanksConceptsMajor depressive disorderPost-traumatic stress disorderPrefrontal cortexAbnormal dendritic spine morphologyCorticolimbic brain regionsAnhedonic-like behaviorInhibition of SGK1Dendritic spine morphologyKinase 1 expressionAmygdala of individualsTraumatic stressPostmortem prefrontal cortexSynaptic dysfunctionDepressive disorderBehavioral deficitsRodent modelsPTSD subjectsFunctional alterationsBrain regionsSGK1 expressionSpine morphologyStress disorderFunction contributesBehavioral changesDisorders
2014
Symptom structure and severity: A comparison of responses to the positive and negative syndrome scale (PANSS) between patients with PTSD or schizophrenia
Stefanovics EA, Krystal JH, Rosenheck RA. Symptom structure and severity: A comparison of responses to the positive and negative syndrome scale (PANSS) between patients with PTSD or schizophrenia. Comprehensive Psychiatry 2014, 55: 887-895. PMID: 24602497, DOI: 10.1016/j.comppsych.2014.01.014.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAdultAgedAged, 80 and overAntipsychotic AgentsChronic DiseaseCombat DisordersDiagnosis, DifferentialDouble-Blind MethodFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedPsychiatric Status Rating ScalesPsychometricsRisperidoneSchizophreniaSchizophrenic PsychologyStress Disorders, Post-TraumaticVeteransYoung AdultConceptsPost-traumatic stress disorderNegative Syndrome ScaleSyndrome ScalePTSD samplePlacebo-controlled trialPsychosis-related factorsClinical trial patientsClinical Antipsychotic TrialsT-testSchizophrenia sampleExploratory factor analysisSymptoms of schizophreniaMilitary-related post-traumatic stress disorderSymptom structureAdjunctive risperidoneTrial patientsTraumatic Stress DisorderAntipsychotic TrialsSecondary data analysisSevere symptomsIndependent factorsDepressive factorsPatientsSymptom ratingsStress disorder
2011
Noradrenergic vs Serotonergic Antidepressant with or without Naltrexone for Veterans with PTSD and Comorbid Alcohol Dependence
Petrakis IL, Ralevski E, Desai N, Trevisan L, Gueorguieva R, Rounsaville B, Krystal JH. Noradrenergic vs Serotonergic Antidepressant with or without Naltrexone for Veterans with PTSD and Comorbid Alcohol Dependence. Neuropsychopharmacology 2011, 37: 996-1004. PMID: 22089316, PMCID: PMC3280636, DOI: 10.1038/npp.2011.283.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsPost-traumatic stress disorderSerotonin uptake inhibitorNorepinephrine uptake inhibitorUptake inhibitorAlcohol dependenceMale veteransTreatment of PTSDUse outcomesSymptoms of PTSDDouble-blind conditionsMain outcome measuresEvidence of efficacyComorbid alcohol dependenceCurrent diagnostic criteriaAlcohol use disorderAlcohol use outcomesComorbid conditionsAdjunctive efficacyOutcome measuresOnly FDADiagnostic criteriaUse disordersClinical advantagesAlcohol consumptionDrug Administration
2008
β 2 Nicotinic acetylcholine receptor availability in post-traumatic stress disorder
Czermak C, Staley JK, Kasserman S, Bois F, Young T, Henry S, Tamagnan GD, Seibyl JP, Krystal JH, Neumeister A. β 2 Nicotinic acetylcholine receptor availability in post-traumatic stress disorder. The International Journal Of Neuropsychopharmacology 2008, 11: 419-424. PMID: 18190729, DOI: 10.1017/s1461145707008152.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsPost-traumatic stress disorderClinician-Administered PTSD ScaleMesiotemporal cortexPTSD patientsPathophysiology of PTSDStress disorderBeta2 nAChRsNicotinic acetylcholine receptor availabilityHistory of smokingHealthy control subjectsNicotinic acetylcholine receptorsIA bindingNovel molecular targetsSingle photon emissionSubgroup of participantsRe-experiencing symptom clusterIA-85380Symptomatic patientsControl subjectsHealthy controlsReceptor availabilityPTSD ScaleAcetylcholine receptorsSymptom clustersPrefrontal cortex
1999
Glutamate and post-traumatic stress disorder: toward a psychobiology of dissociation.
Chambers RA, Bremner JD, Moghaddam B, Southwick SM, Charney DS, Krystal JH. Glutamate and post-traumatic stress disorder: toward a psychobiology of dissociation. Seminars In Clinical Neuropsychiatry 1999, 4: 274-81. PMID: 10553033, DOI: 10.153/scnp00400274.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsPost-traumatic stress disorderGlutamate releaseNMDA antagonistsStress disorderN-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) subtypeDevelopment of PTSDDissociative symptomsStress exposureRecent preclinical dataTraumatic stress exposureHyperglutamatergic stateNeuroprotective potentialPreclinical dataNeural toxicityClinical studiesGlutamate receptorsTraumatized individualsPerceptual effectsPerceptual alterationsNeural plasticityAntagonistBrain functionSymptomsInfluence behaviorDrugsNeurotransmitter alterations in PTSD: catecholamines and serotonin.
Southwick SM, Paige S, Morgan CA, Bremner JD, Krystal JH, Charney DS. Neurotransmitter alterations in PTSD: catecholamines and serotonin. Seminars In Clinical Neuropsychiatry 1999, 4: 242-8. PMID: 10553029, DOI: 10.153/scnp00400242.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsPost-traumatic stress disorderIntrusive memoriesLevel of alertnessSelective attentionAuditory remindersLife-threatening stimuliStress disorderCatecholamine dysregulationUrine catecholamine excretionExaggerated reactivityDepressed moodExaggerated startlePlatelet paroxetine bindingSerotonergic dysregulationAggressionClinical efficacyImpulsivityMotor outputBlunted prolactin responseMemoryMoodSerotonin reuptake inhibitorsAdrenergic receptor numberCentral catecholamine neuronsCentral nervous system
1997
Elevated CSF corticotropin-releasing factor concentrations in posttraumatic stress disorder
Bremner JD, Licinio J, Darnell A, Krystal JH, Owens MJ, Southwick SM, Nemeroff CB, Charney DS. Elevated CSF corticotropin-releasing factor concentrations in posttraumatic stress disorder. American Journal Of Psychiatry 1997, 154: 624-629. PMID: 9137116, PMCID: PMC3233756, DOI: 10.1176/ajp.154.5.624.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsCorticotropin-releasing factorPost-traumatic stress disorderCSF CRF concentrationsCSF concentrationsComparison subjectsCRF concentrationsPTSD patientsCorticotropin-releasing factor concentrationsStress disorderCSF somatostatin concentrationsChronic combat-related post-traumatic stress disorderCollection of CSFCombat-related post-traumatic stress disorderPosttraumatic stress disorderLumbar punctureSomatostatin concentrationsNeurotransmitter systemsPatientsVietnam combat veteransChronic stressFactor concentrationsLevel of significanceGroup differencesCombat veteransSomatostatin
1996
Noradrenergic mechanisms in stress and anxiety: I. preclinical studies
Bremner J, Krystal J, Southwick S, Charney D. Noradrenergic mechanisms in stress and anxiety: I. preclinical studies. Synapse 1996, 23: 28-38. PMID: 8723133, DOI: 10.1002/(sici)1098-2396(199605)23:1<28::aid-syn4>3.0.co;2-j.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsPost-traumatic stress disorderBrain regionsNoradrenergic brain systemsMultiple subcortical areasConsiderable preclinical evidenceLocus coeruleusBrain systemsNeural mechanismsStress disorderTarget brain regionsBehavioral manifestationsBrain functionPanic disorderStress exposureChronic stress resultsTurnover of norepinephrineSubcortical areasAnxietyPsychiatric disordersNoradrenergic systemLong-term alterationsNoradrenergic mechanismsNoradrenergic neuronsNorepinephrine releasePreclinical evidence