2005
Neural Stem Cells Implanted into MPTP-Treated Monkeys Increase the Size of Endogenous Tyrosine Hydroxylase-Positive Cells Found in the Striatum: A Return to Control Measures
Bjugstad K, Redmond D, Teng Y, Elsworth J, Roth R, Blanchard B, Snyder E, Sladek J. Neural Stem Cells Implanted into MPTP-Treated Monkeys Increase the Size of Endogenous Tyrosine Hydroxylase-Positive Cells Found in the Striatum: A Return to Control Measures. Cell Transplantation 2005, 14: 183-192. PMID: 15929553, DOI: 10.3727/000000005783983098.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsTyrosine hydroxylase-positive cellsNeural stem cellsHydroxylase-positive cellsSubstantia nigraHuman neural stem cellsParkinson's diseaseHuman NSCsCaudate nucleusEffects of NSCsPresence of NSCsImplanted neural stem cellsRight substantia nigraUntreated control monkeysRight caudate nucleusCell populationsAfrican green monkeysEndogenous cell populationsStem cellsMPTP damageMPTP treatmentStriatal environmentNigrostriatal pathwayDopamine neuronsControl monkeysSelective dopaminergic
2001
Prenatal cocaine exposure increases mesoprefrontal dopamine neuron responsivity to mild stress
Elsworth J, Morrow B, Roth R. Prenatal cocaine exposure increases mesoprefrontal dopamine neuron responsivity to mild stress. Synapse 2001, 42: 80-83. PMID: 11574943, DOI: 10.1002/syn.1102.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsPrenatal cocaine exposurePrefrontal cortexCocaine exposureShort-term memory deficitsVentromedial prefrontal cortexShort-term memoryMedial prefrontal cortexDopamine neuronsAdolescent ratsCognitive deficitsMemory deficitsMesoprefrontal dopamine systemPrenatal cocaineMild footshock stressDopamine systemDeficitsFootshock stressNeurobehavioral deficitsDopamine turnoverIntravenous modelRodent modelsBehavioral abnormalitiesFetal developmentMild stressCortexPrenatal exposure to cocaine reduces the number and enhances reactivity of A10 dopaminergic neurons to environmental stress
Morrow B, Elsworth J, Roth R. Prenatal exposure to cocaine reduces the number and enhances reactivity of A10 dopaminergic neurons to environmental stress. Synapse 2001, 41: 337-344. PMID: 11494404, DOI: 10.1002/syn.1090.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsA10 dopamine neuronsDopamine neuronsDopaminergic neuronsPrenatal exposurePrenatal saline controlsTyrosine hydroxylase immunoreactiveA10 dopaminergic neuronsCocaine-induced reductionRat dopaminergic neuronsCocaine-exposed ratsPoor cognitive performanceYoung adult offspringUnderlying biochemical changesDopaminergic functionA9 regionSaline controlsIntravenous modelPerinatal lossAdult offspringIntermittent footshockImmediate early genesCognitive deficitsNeuronal systemsBehavioral effectsCell groupsGlial Cell Line-Derived Neurotrophic Factor (GDNF) Gene Delivery Protects Dopaminergic Terminals from Degeneration
Connor B, Kozlowski D, Unnerstall J, Elsworth J, Tillerson J, Schallert T, Bohn M. Glial Cell Line-Derived Neurotrophic Factor (GDNF) Gene Delivery Protects Dopaminergic Terminals from Degeneration. Experimental Neurology 2001, 169: 83-95. PMID: 11312561, DOI: 10.1006/exnr.2001.7638.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAgingAnimalsAutoradiographyCarrier ProteinsCocaineCorpus StriatumDisease Models, AnimalDopamineDopamine Plasma Membrane Transport ProteinsGenetic TherapyGenetic VectorsGlial Cell Line-Derived Neurotrophic FactorMaleMembrane GlycoproteinsMembrane Transport ProteinsMicroinjectionsMotor ActivityNerve Growth FactorsNerve Tissue ProteinsNeuronsNeurotransmitter AgentsOxidopamineParkinson Disease, SecondaryPresynaptic TerminalsRatsRats, Inbred F344RNA, MessengerSubstantia NigraTyrosine 3-MonooxygenaseConceptsGlial cell line-derived neurotrophic factorGDNF gene deliverySubstantia nigraDA terminalsDA neuronsNeuronal sproutingGlial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) gene deliveryAmphetamine-induced rotational asymmetryLine-derived neurotrophic factorUnilateral intrastriatal injectionAged rat brainDopaminergic neuronal functionTyrosine hydroxylase mRNADA transporter ligandsNigrostriatal functionStriatal injectionAxonal sproutingDopaminergic terminalsIntrastriatal injectionStriatal denervationDenervated striatumWeeks postlesionNeurotrophic factorNigrostriatal axonsPartial lesionsNicotine Receptor Inactivation Decreases Sensitivity to Cocaine
Zachariou V, Caldarone B, Weathers-Lowin A, George T, Elsworth J, Roth R, Changeux J, Picciotto M. Nicotine Receptor Inactivation Decreases Sensitivity to Cocaine. Neuropsychopharmacology 2001, 24: 576-589. PMID: 11282258, DOI: 10.1016/s0893-133x(00)00224-4.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsPlace preferenceDA turnoverLow doseHigh-affinity nicotinic acetylcholine receptorsMesolimbic DA systemHigh-affinity nAChRsNicotinic antagonist mecamylamineWild-type miceMesolimbic dopamine systemFos-related antigensProperties of nicotineCocaine place preferenceΒ2 subunitNicotinic acetylcholine receptorsAntagonist mecamylamineDA releaseMetabolite DOPACNeurochemical changesSubthreshold doseType miceDopamine systemPsychomotor stimulantsAcetylcholine receptorsHigh dosesBrain regions
2000
Estrogen Is Essential for Maintaining Nigrostriatal Dopamine Neurons in Primates: Implications for Parkinson's Disease and Memory
Leranth C, Roth R, Elsworth J, Naftolin F, Horvath T, Redmond D. Estrogen Is Essential for Maintaining Nigrostriatal Dopamine Neurons in Primates: Implications for Parkinson's Disease and Memory. Journal Of Neuroscience 2000, 20: 8604-8609. PMID: 11102464, PMCID: PMC6773080, DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.20-23-08604.2000.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsNigrostriatal dopamine neuronsDopamine neuronsParkinson's diseaseSubstantia nigraDopamine cellsTyrosine hydroxylase-expressing neuronsTyrosine hydroxylase-immunoreactive cellsNigral dopamine systemsEstrogen replacement therapyNew treatment strategiesUnbiased stereological analysisTypes of neuronsProgression of diseaseEstrogen replacementPostmenopausal womenEstrogen deprivationReplacement therapyTreatment strategiesCompact zoneGonadal hormonesLong-term effectsDopamine systemEstrogenDiseaseNeuronsThe predator odor, TMT, displays a unique, stress-like pattern of dopaminergic and endocrinological activation in the rat
Morrow B, Redmond A, Roth R, Elsworth J. The predator odor, TMT, displays a unique, stress-like pattern of dopaminergic and endocrinological activation in the rat. Brain Research 2000, 864: 146-151. PMID: 10793199, DOI: 10.1016/s0006-8993(00)02174-0.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsDopamine metabolismSerum corticosteroneAcute exposureCentral dopamine metabolismNucleus accumbens coreMedial prefrontal cortexFear-inducing behaviorPredator odorCentral effectsAccumbens coreRatsStressful stimuliPrefrontal cortexConditioned fearAltered behaviorControl odorAversive stimuliCorticosteroneMetabolismOpen fieldBiochemical activationUnique patternExposureActivationTMTDivergent effects of putative anxiolytics on stress‐induced Fos expression in the mesoprefrontal system of the rat
Morrow B, Elsworth J, Lee E, Roth R. Divergent effects of putative anxiolytics on stress‐induced Fos expression in the mesoprefrontal system of the rat. Synapse 2000, 36: 143-154. PMID: 10767061, DOI: 10.1002/(sici)1098-2396(200005)36:2<143::aid-syn7>3.0.co;2-h.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsVentral tegmental areaFos-LITegmental areaMedial prefrontal cortexPutative anxiolyticsBenzodiazepine agonistsStress-induced Fos-like immunoreactivityPartial agonistStress-induced Fos expressionGlycine/NMDA receptorPrefrontal cortexMesoprefrontal dopamine neuronsPutative anxiolytic agentsTH-LI cellsSaline-treated ratsFos-like immunoreactivityAnxiolytic-like actionFos-LI nucleiWeak partial agonistStress-induced increaseFear-inducing behaviorFootshock paradigmAlpha2 agonistsStress-induced activationDopaminergic neurons
1999
The role of mesoprefrontal dopamine neurons in the acquisition and expression of conditioned fear in the rat
Morrow B, Elsworth J, Rasmusson A, Roth R. The role of mesoprefrontal dopamine neurons in the acquisition and expression of conditioned fear in the rat. Neuroscience 1999, 92: 553-564. PMID: 10408604, DOI: 10.1016/s0306-4522(99)00014-7.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsFear conditioningMesoprefrontal dopamine neuronsClassical fear conditioningMedial prefrontal cortexDopamine neuronsFear responsesConditioned fearPrefrontal cortexFearful behaviorNormal extinctionConditioned responsePsychological stressorsRate of extinctionStress-related changesSham-lesioned ratsConditioningFearAcquisition periodDopamine metabolismNucleus accumbensDopamine levelsAcquisitionRatsNeuronsLesions
1998
Intrastriatal Grafts From Multiple Donors Do Not Result in a Proportional Increase in Survival of Dopamine Neurons in Nonhuman Primates
Sladek J, Collier T, Elsworth J, Roth R, Taylor J, Redmond D. Intrastriatal Grafts From Multiple Donors Do Not Result in a Proportional Increase in Survival of Dopamine Neurons in Nonhuman Primates. Cell Transplantation 1998, 7: 87-96. DOI: 10.1016/s0963-6897(98)00007-4.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsDopamine neuronsDouble graftsAdult African green monkeysVentral mesencephalic dopamine neuronsMultiple donorsGrafts of tissueMore dopamine neuronsSymptoms of parkinsonismMesencephalic dopamine neuronsDopamine cell survivalHuman clinical trialsAfrican green monkeysIntrastriatal graftsPositive neuronsTotal numberClinical trialsDopamine levelsCaudate nucleusRecipient animalsGraftGrafted tissueNeuronsGreen monkeysNonhuman primatesDorsoventral extentIntrastriatal Grafts from Multiple Donors do not Result in a Proportional Increase in Survival of Dopamine Neurons in Nonhuman Primates
Sladek J, Collier T, Elsworth J, Roth R, Taylor J, Redmond D. Intrastriatal Grafts from Multiple Donors do not Result in a Proportional Increase in Survival of Dopamine Neurons in Nonhuman Primates. Cell Transplantation 1998, 7: 87-96. PMID: 9588591, DOI: 10.1177/096368979800700204.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsDopamine neuronsDouble graftsAdult African green monkeysVentral mesencephalic dopamine neuronsMultiple donorsGrafts of tissueMore dopamine neuronsSymptoms of parkinsonismMesencephalic dopamine neuronsDopamine cell survivalHuman clinical trialsAfrican green monkeysIntrastriatal graftsPositive neuronsTotal numberClinical trialsDopamine levelsCaudate nucleusRecipient animalsGraftGrafted tissueNeuronsGreen monkeysNonhuman primatesDorsoventral extent
1997
Metabolic energy capacity of dopaminergic grafts and the implanted striatum in parkinsonian nonhuman primates as visualized with cytochrome oxidase histochemistry
Collier T, Redmond D, Roth R, Elsworth J, Taylor J, Sladek J. Metabolic energy capacity of dopaminergic grafts and the implanted striatum in parkinsonian nonhuman primates as visualized with cytochrome oxidase histochemistry. Cell Transplantation 1997, 6: 135-140. DOI: 10.1016/s0963-6897(97)00003-1.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH Keywords1-Methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridineAnimalsBrain Tissue TransplantationChlorocebus aethiopsCorpus StriatumDopamineElectron Transport Complex IVEnergy MetabolismFetal Tissue TransplantationGestational AgeImmunohistochemistryMesencephalonNeuronsParkinson Disease, SecondaryTyrosine 3-MonooxygenaseConceptsDA neuronsEmbryonic ventral mesencephalic tissueParkinsonian nonhuman primatesStriatum of DATyrosine hydroxylase immunocytochemistryVentral mesencephalic tissueVentral mesencephalic graftsCytochrome oxidase histochemistryCytochrome oxidase stainingMitochondrial enzyme cytochrome oxidaseLocal energy metabolismActive innervationBilateral graftsNeuron contentDopaminergic graftsMesencephalic graftsMesencephalic tissueHost brainBrain metabolismEnzyme cytochrome oxidaseCO stainingTissue transplantsGraftMetabolic activityNonhuman primatesPhencyclidine Increases Forebrain Monoamine Metabolism in Rats and Monkeys: Modulation by the Isomers of HA966
Jentsch J, Elsworth J, Redmond D, Roth R. Phencyclidine Increases Forebrain Monoamine Metabolism in Rats and Monkeys: Modulation by the Isomers of HA966. Journal Of Neuroscience 1997, 17: 1769-1775. PMID: 9030635, PMCID: PMC6573388, DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.17-05-01769.1997.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAction PotentialsAnimalsChlorocebus aethiopsDopamineExcitatory Amino Acid AgonistsExcitatory Amino Acid AntagonistsFrontal LobeIsomerismMaleNeuronsPhencyclidineProsencephalonPyrrolidinonesRatsRats, Sprague-DawleyReceptors, N-Methyl-D-AspartateSchizophrenic PsychologySerotoninSpecies SpecificitySubstantia NigraTegmentum MesencephaliConceptsPCP-induced increasePrefrontal cortexDA turnoverMonoamine metabolismFrontal cortexNucleus accumbensNMDA receptor antagonist phencyclidinePCP-induced changesForebrain of ratsMonkey frontal cortexEffects of PCPDrug-induced activationMedial prefrontal cortexMonoamine transmissionSerotonergic innervationDopamine innervationSerotonin turnoverDopamine turnoverSerotonin utilizationPsychotomimetic propertiesDopamine transmissionDopamine systemBrain regionsPotent effectsRatsMetabolic Energy Capacity of Dopaminergic Grafts and the Implanted Striatum in Parkinsonian Nonhuman Primates as Visualized with Cytochrome Oxidase Histochemistry
Collier T, Redmond D, Roth R, Elsworth J, Taylor J, Sladek J. Metabolic Energy Capacity of Dopaminergic Grafts and the Implanted Striatum in Parkinsonian Nonhuman Primates as Visualized with Cytochrome Oxidase Histochemistry. Cell Transplantation 1997, 6: 135-140. PMID: 9142445, DOI: 10.1177/096368979700600207.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH Keywords1-Methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridineAnimalsBrain Tissue TransplantationChlorocebus aethiopsCorpus StriatumDopamineElectron Transport Complex IVEnergy MetabolismFetal Tissue TransplantationGestational AgeImmunohistochemistryMesencephalonNeuronsParkinson Disease, SecondaryTyrosine 3-MonooxygenaseConceptsDA neuronsEmbryonic ventral mesencephalic tissueParkinsonian nonhuman primatesStriatum of DATyrosine hydroxylase immunocytochemistryVentral mesencephalic tissueVentral mesencephalic graftsBrain energy metabolismCytochrome oxidase histochemistryCytochrome oxidase stainingMitochondrial enzyme cytochrome oxidaseLocal energy metabolismEnergy metabolismActive innervationBilateral graftsNeuron contentDopaminergic graftsMesencephalic graftsMesencephalic tissueHost brainEnzyme cytochrome oxidaseCO stainingTissue transplantsGraftMetabolic activityDysregulation of Mesoprefrontal Dopamine Neurons Induced by Acute and Repeated Phencyclidine Administration in the Nonhuman Primate: Implications for Schizophrenia
Jentsch J, Elsworth J, Taylor J, Redmond D, Roth R. Dysregulation of Mesoprefrontal Dopamine Neurons Induced by Acute and Repeated Phencyclidine Administration in the Nonhuman Primate: Implications for Schizophrenia. Advances In Pharmacology 1997, 42: 810-814. PMID: 9328021, DOI: 10.1016/s1054-3589(08)60870-4.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsPCP administrationAcute PCP administrationNegative symptomsDA systemMesoprefrontal dopamine neuronsSubcortical DA systemsBrains of patientsSchizophrenia-like symptomatologyDevelopment of neuropathologyDistinct behavioral effectsDAergic dysfunctionDA metabolismDAergic functionDopamine neuronsCognitive dysfunctionNovel agentsDeficits of schizophreniaFrontal cortexPsychotomimetic propertiesNeurobiological effectsDopamine systemPositive symptomsPhencyclidine administrationBehavioral effectsAdministration
1996
Early gestational mesencephalon grafts, but not later gestational mesencephalon, cerebellum or sham grafts, increase dopamine in caudate nucleus of MPTP-treated monkeys
Elsworth J, Sladek J, Taylor J, Collier T, Redmond D, Roth R. Early gestational mesencephalon grafts, but not later gestational mesencephalon, cerebellum or sham grafts, increase dopamine in caudate nucleus of MPTP-treated monkeys. Neuroscience 1996, 72: 477-484. PMID: 8737417, DOI: 10.1016/0306-4522(95)00564-1.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsFetal ventral mesencephalonVentral mesencephalonCaudate nucleusGraft siteDopamine neuronsDopamine concentrationsBehavioral recoveryTyrosine hydroxylase-positive neuronsHomovanillic acid/dopamine ratioFetal dopamine neuronsGrafted dopamine neuronsIntrastriatal transplantsParkinsonian primatesGrafted neuronsIntrastriatal transplantationGestational ageTransplant proceduresDopamine ratioDopamine productionSignificant elevationNucleus accumbensDopamine systemSham graftsGraftBrain regions
1994
Peripheral nerve-dopamine neuron co-grafts in mptp-treated monkeys: Augmentation of tyrosine hydroxylase-positive fiber staining and dopamine content in host systems
Collier T, Elsworth J, Taylor J, Sladek J, Roth R, Redmond D. Peripheral nerve-dopamine neuron co-grafts in mptp-treated monkeys: Augmentation of tyrosine hydroxylase-positive fiber staining and dopamine content in host systems. Neuroscience 1994, 61: 875-889. PMID: 7838385, DOI: 10.1016/0306-4522(94)90410-3.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsDopamine neuronsCaudate nucleusNon-human primatesLateral ventricleSeptal areaDopamine systemEmbryonic ventral mesencephalic tissueTyrosine hydroxylase-positive fibersHomovanillic acid/dopamine ratioDopamine neuron graftsDopamine-depleted monkeysEmbryonic ventral mesencephalonGrafted dopamine neuronsVentral mesencephalic tissueLateral septal areaLevels of dopamineMesencephalic dopamine neuronsMetabolite homovanillic acidBrain dopamine systemsMPTP-treated monkeysDirection of normalizationAfrican green monkeysInjury-induced regenerationMesencephalic tissueSaphenous nerve
1993
Can Graft-Derived Neurotrophic Activity Be Used to Direct Axonal Outgrowth of Grafted Dopamine Neurons for Circuit Reconstruction in Primates?
Sladek J, Collier T, Elsworth J, Taylor J, Roth R, Redmond D. Can Graft-Derived Neurotrophic Activity Be Used to Direct Axonal Outgrowth of Grafted Dopamine Neurons for Circuit Reconstruction in Primates? Experimental Neurology 1993, 124: 134-139. PMID: 8282070, DOI: 10.1006/exnr.1993.1184.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchFetal Dopamine Cell Survival after Transplantation Is Dramatically Improved at a Critical Donor Gestational Age in Nonhuman Primates
Sladek J, Elsworth J, Roth R, Evans L, Collier T, Cooper S, Taylor J, Redmond D. Fetal Dopamine Cell Survival after Transplantation Is Dramatically Improved at a Critical Donor Gestational Age in Nonhuman Primates. Experimental Neurology 1993, 122: 16-27. PMID: 8101820, DOI: 10.1006/exnr.1993.1103.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsDopamine neuronsCaudate nucleusMesencephalic dopamine cell groupsTyrosine hydroxylase-positive neuronsTissue dopamine levelsUnfixed brain slicesDopamine cell groupsCell survivalDopamine cell survivalDopamine cell numberDays of gestationEarly gestation tissuesTime of implantationAfrican green monkeysVideo-based imagingGraft survivalMesencephalic tissueDonor graftsGestational ageNeural graftsNeurological disabilityDopaminergic neuronsGraft sizeDopamine contentSingle graft
1991
Anxiogenic β-carboline FG 7142 produces activation of noradrenergic neurons in specific brain regions of rats
Ida Y, Elsworth J, Roth R. Anxiogenic β-carboline FG 7142 produces activation of noradrenergic neurons in specific brain regions of rats. Pharmacology Biochemistry And Behavior 1991, 39: 791-793. PMID: 1784607, DOI: 10.1016/0091-3057(91)90166-y.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsBrain noradrenergic activityFG 7142Specific brain regionsCerebral cortexNoradrenergic activityΒ-carboline FG 7142Brain regionsBeta-carboline FG 7142Rat brain noradrenalineBrain noradrenergic systemAntagonist Ro 15Brain noradrenalineAgonist clonidineNoradrenergic neuronsBZD receptorsMHPG levelsRo 15Sixty minNoradrenergic systemSame doseBenzodiazepine receptorsInverse agonistDihydroxyphenylglycolMajor metaboliteMetabolite levels