2012
Virologic Failures on Initial Boosted-PI Regimen Infrequently Possess Low-Level Variants with Major PI Resistance Mutations by Ultra-Deep Sequencing
Lataillade M, Chiarella J, Yang R, DeGrosky M, Uy J, Seekins D, Simen B, St. John E, Moreno E, Kozal M. Virologic Failures on Initial Boosted-PI Regimen Infrequently Possess Low-Level Variants with Major PI Resistance Mutations by Ultra-Deep Sequencing. PLOS ONE 2012, 7: e30118. PMID: 22355307, PMCID: PMC3280244, DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0030118.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsPI/rDrug-resistant mutationsVirologic failureUltra-deep sequencingR regimenLow-level resistant variantsMajor PI resistance mutationsPI/r regimenResistant variantsARV-naïve subjectsPI-resistant variantsHIV-positive patientsAtazanavir/ritonavirLopinavir/ritonavirM184V/ILow-level variantsPI resistance mutationsMinority of casesTenofovir/RegimenStanford HIVdbResistance mutationsPhenotypic resistanceResistant mutationsStandard genotyping
2011
Prevalence of Low-Level HIV-1 Variants with Reverse Transcriptase Mutation K65R and the Effect of Antiretroviral Drug Exposure on Variant Levels
Kozal MJ, Chiarella J, St John EP, Moreno EA, Simen BB, Arnold TE, Lataillade M. Prevalence of Low-Level HIV-1 Variants with Reverse Transcriptase Mutation K65R and the Effect of Antiretroviral Drug Exposure on Variant Levels. Antiviral Therapy 2011, 16: 925-929. PMID: 21900725, DOI: 10.3851/imp1851.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsTreatment-naive individualsDifferent HIV-1 subtypesARV-naive subjectsHIV-1 subtypesAntiretroviral exposureViral loadSubtype CUltra-deep sequencingReverse Transcriptase Mutation K65RRitonavir-boosted protease inhibitorHIV-1 subtype CResistant variantsAntiretroviral drug exposurePlasma viral loadTreatment-naive subjectsLow-level variantsPre-therapy levelsHIV-1 variantsDrug resistance mutationsMutation K65RVirological failureSubtype BDrug exposureMutational loadHigh mutation load
2010
Prevalence and Clinical Significance of HIV Drug Resistance Mutations by Ultra-Deep Sequencing in Antiretroviral-Naïve Subjects in the CASTLE Study
Lataillade M, Chiarella J, Yang R, Schnittman S, Wirtz V, Uy J, Seekins D, Krystal M, Mancini M, McGrath D, Simen B, Egholm M, Kozal M. Prevalence and Clinical Significance of HIV Drug Resistance Mutations by Ultra-Deep Sequencing in Antiretroviral-Naïve Subjects in the CASTLE Study. PLOS ONE 2010, 5: e10952. PMID: 20532178, PMCID: PMC2880604, DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0010952.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsARV-naïve subjectsVirologic failureUltra-deep sequencingPI TDRsTDR mutationsVirologic successWeek 48Clinical significanceHIV drug resistance mutationsAntiretroviral-naïve subjectsRate of TDRLopinavir/ritonavirM184V/IAtazanavir/ritonavirCase-control studyDrug resistance mutationsSimilar ratesNNRTI TDRCD4 countVirologic responseViral loadControl studyBaseline samplesResistance mutationsBaseline rate
2009
Low-Abundance HIV Drug-Resistant Viral Variants in Treatment-Experienced Persons Correlate with Historical Antiretroviral Use
Le T, Chiarella J, Simen BB, Hanczaruk B, Egholm M, Landry ML, Dieckhaus K, Rosen MI, Kozal MJ. Low-Abundance HIV Drug-Resistant Viral Variants in Treatment-Experienced Persons Correlate with Historical Antiretroviral Use. PLOS ONE 2009, 4: e6079. PMID: 19562031, PMCID: PMC2698118, DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0006079.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsAntiretroviral treatment historyDrug-resistant mutationsVirologic failureAntiretroviral useDrug-resistant variantsTreatment historyOverall burdenGenotypic resistanceHIV drug-resistant mutationsHIV drug-resistant variantsStanford HIV database algorithmDrug-resistant viral variantsSubsequent antiretroviral regimensTreatment-experienced patientsConventional genotypingPrior treatment historyUltra-deep pyrosequencingSanger sequencingAntiretroviral regimensMore antiretroviralsChart reviewAntiretroviral drugsUltra-deep sequencingClinical implicationsViral variants